The invention provides a solar simulator optical system for testing a triple-junction gallium arsenide solar cell, and relates to the technical field of light spectrum, aiming at solving the problems of an existing solar simulator optical system that difference is formed between a partial spectrum band and a solar light spectrum, so that measurement requirements cannot be met and the like. The solar simulator optical system comprises a xenon lamp, an ellipsoidal reflecting mirror, an optical filter array, a first plane reflecting mirror, an AM0 optical filter, an optical integrator, a second plane reflecting mirror and a collimator objective, and further comprises an optical filter array; the optical filter array comprises two first optical filters, two second optical filters and two third optical filters; the two first optical filters, the two second optical filters and the two third optical filters are uniformly distributed along the periphery at intervals; light emitted by the xenon lam is reflected by the ellipsoidal reflecting mirror, and then is filtered through the optical filter array; after the direction of a light beam is changed through the first plane reflecting mirror, the light is filtered through the AM0 optical filter again, and is converged on the optical integrator; then the light passes through the optical integrator, the second plane reflecting mirror and the collimator objective in sequence and then is projected onto an irradiation surface, so as to form the uniform irradiation surface.