A hard and brittle material complex component femtosecond laser precision forming processing system comprises a femtosecond laser, a laser tuning module, a mechanical optical shutter, a laser polarization module, a variable-magnification beam expander, a plane reflector, an optical diffraction element, a filamentation modification module, a filamentation auxiliary piece, a special clamping tool, amulti-shaft linkage electric control displacement table, an industrial personal computer, a mechanical arm, a chemical corrosion pool and an alkaline neutralization pool. The femtosecond laser filamentation length and the diameter are regulated and controlled through the variable-magnification beam expander, the optical diffraction element and the filamentation modification module, and the largeratio of pit-depth to pit-diameter machining of the hard and brittle material is achieved; by means of the filamentation auxiliary piece, adverse effects of poor filamentation front end machining consistency are avoided; and through the mechanical optical shutter, the multi-shaft linkage electric control displacement table, the industrial personal computer and other optical electromechanical cooperation control, the complex component laser modification function is completed. The hard and brittle material complex component femtosecond laser precision forming processing system has the beneficialeffects that the ratio of pit-depth to pit-diameter machining is large, the machining quality is excellent, complex components can be formed, and fully automatic operation is achieved and has wide application prospects in the fields of aerospace, semiconductors, electronics industry and the like.