The invention relates to a high self-cleaning inorganic heat insulation composite system comprising a substrate wall body, as well as interface mortar, a heat insulation layer, an anti-cracking protection layer and a veneer layer in sequence from the substrate wall body to the outside. The invention has the advantages of simple structure, comprehensive functions, favorable heat insulation effect, strong anti-cracking and shock resistance, obvious fireproof and antiflaming effect, favorable high temperature stability, high self-cleaning and the like. Anti-cracking mortar is selected for the anti-cracking protection layer and alkaline-resistant fiberglass gridding cloth or an AJ hot zinc-plating electrowelding net is arranged in the mortar, therefore, the anti-cracking and shock resistant effects are better; the polystyrene particles of the heat insulation layer are made from recycled polystyrene plates, therefore, the processing is simple, a large number of white pollution can be solved, and the heat insulation property of the material can be greatly improved due to excellent heat insulation property of the polystyrene particles per se; and an energy-saving coating material has the advantages of favorable visible light and near infrared light reflectivity, higher thermal infrared emissivity, excellent high temperature stability, high intensity, high temperature resistance, wear resistance, high tenacity, convenience for construction and cost saving.