77results about How to "High electron affinity" patented technology

Ligand compositions for use in preparing discrete coated nanostructures are provided, as well as the coated nanostructures themselves and devices incorporating same. Methods for post-deposition shell formation on a nanostructure, for reversibly modifying nanostructures, and for manipulating the electronic properties of nanostructures are also provided. The ligands and coated nanostructures of the present invention are particularly useful for close packed nanostructure compositions, which can have improved quantum confinement and / or reduced cross-talk between nanostructures. Ligands of the present invention are also useful for manipulating the electronic properties of nanostructure compositions (e.g., by modulating energy levels, creating internal bias fields, reducing charge transfer or leakage, etc.).

Ligand compositions for use in preparing discrete coated nanostructures are provided, as well as the coated nanostructures themselves and devices incorporating same. Methods for post-deposition shell formation on a nanostructure, for reversibly modifying nanostructures, and for manipulating the electronic properties of nanostructures are also provided. The ligands and coated nanostructures of the present invention are particularly useful for close packed nanostructure compositions, which can have improved quantum confinement and / or reduced cross-talk between nanostructures. Ligands of the present invention are also useful for manipulating the electronic properties of nanostructure compositions (e.g., by modulating energy levels, creating internal bias fields, reducing charge transfer or leakage, etc.).

The present invention provides electrochemical cells capable of good electronic performance, particularly high specific energies, useful discharge rate capabilities and good cycle life. Electrochemical cells of the present invention are versatile and include primary and secondary cells useful for a range of important applications including use in portable electronic devices. Electrochemical cells of the present invention also exhibit enhanced safety and stability relative to conventional state of the art primary lithium batteries and lithium ion secondary batteries. For example, electrochemical cells of the present invention include secondary electrochemical cells using anion charge carriers capable of accommodation by positive and negative electrodes comprising anion host materials, which entirely eliminate the need for metallic lithium or dissolved lithium ion in these systems.

A polycarbonate polymer includes: a monomer unit represented by a formula (1A) below; and a monomer unit represented by a formula (2). A haze of a solution that is obtained by dissolving the polycarbonate polymer in THF (tetrahydrofuran) at a concentration of 10 mass % is 5% or less (according to JIS K7105, optical path length of 10 mm).In the formula (1A), R and R′ each independently represent a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms or a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 12 carbon atoms; n1 is an integer in a range of 2 to 4; and n2 is an integer in a range of 25 to 220; andin the formula (2), Ar represents a divalent aromatic group.

The invention belongs to the material and component field of organic ultraviolet detector comprising a substrate, a transparent conductive film, an electronic donor layer, a mixing layer, an electronic receptor layer, and an electronic collection electrode layer, characterized in that: the thin mixing layer of electronic donor and electronic receptor is disposed between the electronic donor layer and the electronic receptor layer, and the absorption band of the used functional material is located in the ultraviolet region of 300-400nm, the UV light with center wavelength of 365nm are used as UV light source. The organic light detector is organic photovoltaic diode which is sensitive to ultraviolet light and not sensitive to the visual light, can be applicable in the science, industry and business field with simple fabricating process, cheap material and component, small volume, and convenience for carrying, therefore tending to be used widely.

Disclosed is an electro-absorption type semiconductor optical modulator utilizing the Quantum Confinement Stark Effect, in which a quantum well structure introduced in its optical absorption layer is arranged to have a potential structure such that one of the electron affinity and the energy of the top of the valence band increases in the laminating direction, while the other decreases, thereby canceling the built-in field. It is intended to lower the drive voltage and to enhance an on / off ratio (extinction ratio). Thus, the absorption peak becomes narrow at a no bias state to attain a low drive voltage and an enhanced extinction ratio.

An electron emitter including a high work function metal 18 encapsulating a metal-doped, nanocrystalline diamond particle layer 14 in contact with a planar surface of a low workfunction metal cathode 12, and a method of fabrication of the same is disclosed. The method may include formulating the conductive nanodiamond powder with a metallic solution, containing the high workfunction metal, and disposing it on the metal cathode 12 to form a composite material layer containing surface areas exhibiting low electron affinity. The resulting cold cathode structure has a low extraction field needed for efficient emission, a means to limit the emission current per unit area, and a reduced emission sensitivity to surface adsorption / desorption effects.

The invention discloses an all-band reverse optical detector constructed on the basis of an organic small molecular material, and belongs to the field of organic optical detectors made of organic small molecular materials. The detector has a lamellar structure, and sequentially comprises a glass substrate coated with a conductive film, a hole collecting electrode layer indium tin oxide conductive film, a first electron donor layer, a first electron acceptor layer and the like, wherein the thickness of the first electron donor layer is 1 to 20 nanometers; the first electron acceptor layer serves as a second electron donor layer, and the thickness of the first electron acceptor layer is 2 to 40 nanometers; the thickness of a second electron acceptor layer is 5 to 20 nanometers; the thickness of an exciton barrier layer is 5 to 15 nanometers; the thickness of a first electron collecting electrode layer is 5 to 10 nanometers; and the thickness of a second electron collecting electrode layer is 10 to 30 nanometers. The all-band reverse optical detector has a simple making process and low cost, and market sold organic materials can be adopted; and because combination of multiple organic layers of a film is adopted, the design of the detector is more flexible.

A directed epitaxial heterojunction bipolar transistor (HBT) structure is directly or indirectly formed on a GaAs substrate that is formed by a (100) face towards a (111)B face with an angle of inclination between 0.6° and 25°, and includes a sub-collector layer, a collector, a base layer, an emitter layer, an emitter cap layer and an ohmic contact layer, which are sequentially formed on the substrate. A tunnel collector layer formed by InGaP or InGaAsP is provided between the collector layer and the base layer. Since an epitaxial process is performed on the substrate from a (100) face towards a (111)B face with an angle of inclination between 0.6° and 25°, indium and gallium contained in InGaP or InGaAsP are affected by the ordering effect such that InGaP or InGaAsP used in the emitter layer and / or the tunnel collector layer has a higher electron affinity or a smaller bandgap.

A polymer containing an optionally substituted repeat unit of formula (I) wherein each R is the same or different and represents H or an electron withdrawing group, and each R1 is the same or different and represents a substituent.

This invention relates to a polycarbonate copolymer having a structure formed of a repeating unit represented by the following formula (100):in which a molar copolymer composition represented by Ar1 / (Ar1+Ar2) is in a range of 50 mol % to 67 mol %, a reduced viscosity [ηsp / C] is in a range of 0.60 dl / g to 4.0 dl / g, and a ratio of a hydroxyl group in all ends is 20 mol % or less.

The invention relates to a method for deeply treating and recycling coal gasification wastewater by preposed oxidization combined with microwaves. The method is characterized by comprising the following steps: acidification, catalyzation, oxidization, microwave treatment, flocculation, precipitation of coal gasification wastewater and the like. The method is characterized by comprising the following specific steps: firstly, pre-oxidizing by using an oxidant; after ring-opening and chain scission of organic matters, carrying out microwave catalytic oxidization; fully combining hydrogen peroxide oxidization and microwave catalytic oxidization to exert the maximum advantage of oxidizing reaction; treating the organic matters which are not appropriately treated in place in two stages; gradually degrading macromolecular organic matters; finally, fully decomposing degradation-resistant organic matters to satisfy the recycling demand of the coal gasification wastewater.

The invention belongs to the field of polymer semiconductor materials, and discloses a polymer semiconductor containing a bipyridine diazole derivative receptor and a preparation method and application thereof. A structure of the polymer semiconductor is shown in a formula (I), and the preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) reacting 2-tributyltin-4-alkylthiophene with a dibromobenzimidazole derivative to prepare an intermediate a; (2) reacting the compound a with a bis-butyltin b to obtain a compound c; (3) performing a reaction on the compound c and N-bromosuccinimide to obtainM1; and (4) performing a palladium-catalyzed coupling reaction on the M1 and (E)-bis1,2-(tri-n-butyltin)ethylene to obtain the final product. According to the invention, the synthetic route is simpleand high-efficiency, the raw materials are easy to obtain, the costs are low, the universality is high and the repeatability is good, and a field effect transistor prepared by using the polymer semiconductor as an active layer obtains outstanding bipolar transmission characteristics, and has wide market prospects.

A magnetohydrodynamic microfluidic system and a method of pumping a fluid using a magnetohydrodynamic system are disclosed. The method includes applying at least one of an electric current and an electric voltage to a first modified electrode and a second electrode to generate an ionic current between the first modified electrode and the second electrode and to cause a current carrying species to move to or from the modified electrode, applying a magnetic field perpendicular to an ionic current vector, the magnetic field and the ionic current combining to induce flow of the fluid in a direction perpendicular to the magnetic field and the ionic current vector, and maintaining fluid flow by recharging the modified electrode.

A polycarbonate copolymer includes: a repeating unit represented by a formula (1) below; and a repeating unit represented by a formula (2) below, in which the repeating unit represented by the formula (1) is formed from a bischloroformate oligomer having an average number of monomer units n represented by a formula (100) below in a range from 0.1 to 1.3. In the formulae (100) and (1), Ar1 represents a group represented by a formula (3) below. In the formula (2), Ar2 represents a divalent aromatic group. In the formula (3) below, X1 represents a single bond or an oxygen atom. R11 each independently represents a methyl group or an ethyl group.

This invention relates to a polycarbonate copolymer having a structure formed of a repeating unit represented by the following formula (100):in which a molar copolymer composition represented by Ar1 / (Ar1+Ar2) is in a range of 50 mol % to 67 mol %, a reduced viscosity [ηsp / C] is in a range of 0.60 dl / g to 4.0 dl / g, and a ratio of a hydroxyl group in all ends is 20 mol % or less.

The embodiment of the invention provides a 2,1,3-benzothiadiazole derivative; in a chemical formula, R1 is an electron-rich substituent, one of R2 and R3 is an electron-deficient substituent and the other one of R2 and R3 is hydrogen atom, or R2 and R3 are both the electron-deficient substituents. The 2,1,3-benzothiadiazole derivative is good in electronic transmission performance and stable in material properties. In a second aspect, the embodiment of the invention provides a preparation method of the 2,1,3-benzothiadiazole derivative, the method is simple, and the prepared 2,1,3-benzothiadiazole derivative is good in electronic transmission performance. In a third aspect, the embodiment of the invention provides a cathode interfacial modification material; the cathode interfacial modification material is good in electron transport performance and stable in properties, and can improve the energy conversion efficiency of organic solar cells when used for the organic solar cells. In a fourth aspect, the embodiment of the invention provides the organic solar cells.

The invention relates to a method for reinforcing a welding joint of an aluminum / magnesium alloy thick plate by a carbon nano pipe, and belongs to the technical field of welding technologies in material machining. A pure aluminum sheath used for wrapping around a mixed powder composed of a carbon nano pipe and an activated rosin flux is used for preparing a novel active welding wire for aluminum / magnesium alloy thick plate welding; the mixed powder comprises the following component, by mass: 0.1%1-2.3% of CNT, 2 to 8-13% of CaF2, 2 to 10-15% of ZnCl2, 10-25% of CaCl2, 2 to 20-25% of SiO2, 2 to20-30% of TiO2 and 10-15% of Te. When the method is used for welding, the welding penetration depth can be not only effectively increased to carry out the aluminum / magnesium alloy thick plate welding, and the carbon nano pipe can be conveyed into the interior of a molten pool, the effects of fine crystal strengthening and dislocation strengthening are achieved in a welding solidification process,and the mechanical property of the welding joint is greatly improved.

The invention belongs to the field of polymer semiconductor materials, and discloses a bridged asymmetric benzodiazole and / or pyridine diazole double-acceptor polymer semiconductor, a preparation method and application thereof. The structure of the polymer semiconductor is shown as a formula (I). The method provided by the invention is simple and efficient in synthetic route, low in development cost, high in universality and good in repeatability. A polymer solar cell and an organic light detector which are prepared by taking the bridged asymmetric benzodiazole and / or pyridine diazole double-acceptor polymer semiconductor reported by the invention as an active layer show excellent performance, and the energy conversion efficiency of the polymer solar cell is 7% or above; the dark current density of an organic photodetector is 10<-6>mA / cm<2> or below, so that the polymer semiconductor material has a wide market prospect in organic electronic devices like organic photovoltaics, logic complementary circuits, organic photodetectors, organic field effect transistors, organic light emitting diodes and the like.

The invention relates to a novel organic compound, especially relates to a perimidine derivative, and further discloses an application of the perimidine derivative in the production of an organic electroluminescence device. The perimidine derivative has a good carrier transfer property, and can be used in the OLED as an electron transportation material and a phosphorescence host material. Device test data shows that the derivative is used as the electron transportation material in the OLED, and the derivative has an excellent electron injectivity, a high mobility and a high triplet state energy level, so the derivative can significantly reduce the lighting and working voltages of the device, and can improve the efficiency of the device; and the derivative is used as the phosphorescence host material in the OLED, has balanced hole and electron transporting performances, has an appropriate band gap to facilitate the significant reduction of the lighting and working voltages of the device, and has the high triplet state energy level to facilitate the effective transportation of exciton energy to a phosphorescence dye in order to improve the efficiency of the device.

The invention relates to a fluorinated perylene diimide derivative and application thereof. Fluorine atoms are introduced in the derivative andare conductive to reduction of recombination energy of acceptor molecules and improvement of the charge mobility of the derivative. The energy level of the molecules can be adjusted, so that the molecules have a greater electronic affinity, and thus the molecules receive electrons better in an active layer. In addition, under the action of H-F non-covalent bonds and the like, the introduction of the fluorine atoms can regulate the accumulation of perylene diimide molecules. Experiments show that the fluorinated perylene diimide derivative has excellent photoelectric conversion efficiency and high open circuit voltage when used in electron acceptor materials, indicating that the fluorinated perylene diimide derivative has the great application potential on the aspect of organic solar cell receptor materials.

A polycarbonate copolymer contains: 0.1 to 50 mol % of a monomer unit represented by the following formula (1); and a monomer unit represented by the following formula (2). In the polycarbonate copolymer, the content of biphenols having a structure represented by the following formula (3) is 90 mass ppm or less.In the formula, R1 and R2 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, an aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, an aryl group having 6 to 12 carbon atoms or a halogen atom.In the formula: R3 and R4 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, an aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, an aryl group having 6 to 12 carbon atoms or a halogen atom; and X represents any one of bonding groups represented by —O—, —S—, SO—, —SO2—, —CO— and 9,9-fluorenylidene group.In the formula, R1 and R2 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, an aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, an aryl group having 6 to 12 carbon atoms or a halogen atom.

The present invention relates to compounds that are electron-deficient acceptors, donor-acceptor polymers that are synthesized from such electron-deficient acceptors, semiconductor devices synthesized from such donor-acceptor polymers and methods of synthesis of such electron-deficient acceptors, donor-acceptor polymers and semiconductor devices.

The invention discloses a phenanthroline derivative and an organic electroluminescence device and belongs to the technical field of organic optoelectronic materials. The phenanthroline derivative is an electron deficiency system with a large conjugate plane, so that a high electron migration rate and high electron affinity can be achieved, and good electron transmission and injection properties can be achieved; in addition, the phenanthroline derivative disclosed by the invention has a certain hole baffling property. The central structure phenanthroline of the phenanthroline derivative has a large volume, the glass transition temperature and the thermal stability of the material are effectively improved, and material filming can be facilitated. An organic electroluminescence device of thephenanthroline derivative comprises an anode, a cathode and an organic matter layer, wherein the organic matter layer is positioned between the anode and the cathode; the organic matter layer comprises the phenanthroline derivative disclosed by the invention. The organic electroluminescence device disclosed by the invention has a low driving voltage, high light emission efficiency and light emitting brightness, and has a long service life.

The invention discloses an N-heterocyclic carbene palladium complex crystal, a synthetic method thereof and application thereof in preparation of amide compounds. The structural formula of the complexcrystal is shown in the specification, or the complex crystal is prepared from an N-heterocyclic carbene ligand, Pd(CH3CN)2Cl2 and Ag2O in acetonitrile serving as a solvent. The N-heterocyclic carbene palladium complex crystal is relatively stable, wherein the raw materials used in the synthesis method are cheap and easy to obtain, so that the synthetic method is simple, convenient and easy to implement is simple in post-treamtent and is high in yield; and the N-heterocyclic carbene palladium complex crystal is used for catalyzing carbonylation carbon-nitrogen bond coupling reaction to prepare amide compounds and is high in catalytic activity, easy to operate and high in atom economy.

Asphaltene components are useful as organic electronic materials, especially in the form of thin films, in organic electronic devices, such as optoelectronic devices, for example, photodiodes (e.g., photovoltaic cells), phototransistors, photomultipliers, integrated optical circuits, photoresistors, and the like.

The invention discloses a high-barrier SiC JBS device and a preparation method thereof. The device comprises a first electrode layer, a SiC substrate, an N-SiC epitaxial layer, a second electrode layer, a dielectric layer and a PI layer which are arranged from top to bottom. According to the SiC device, a JBS structure and a surface low-concentration structure are formed on the epitaxial layer, sothat the barrier height of the device is increased, and meanwhile, the electric leakage characteristic of the device is reduced.

Provided are ReRAM cells, each having at least one interface between an electrode and a resistive switching layers with a maximum field value of less than 0.25. The electrode materials forming such interfaces include tantalum nitrides doped with lanthanum, aluminum, erbium yttrium, or terbium (e.g., TaX(Dopant)YN, where X is at least about 0.95). The electrode materials have low work functions (e.g., less than about 4.5 eV). At the same time, the resistive switching materials have high relative dielectric permittivities (e.g., greater than about 30) and high electron affinities (greater than about for 3.5 eV). Niobium oxide is one example of a suitable resistive switching material. Another electrode interfacing the resistive switching layer may have different characteristics and, in some embodiments, may be an inert electrode.

The invention discloses a hydroxyquinolinyl metal organic small molecule cooperation compound material grafted with perylene diimide and aromatic groups, a preparation method and applications thereof.According to the invention, the hydroxyquinolinyl metal organic small molecule cooperation compound material grafted with perylene diimide and aromatic groups is obtained through a Stille coupling reaction and a metal coordination reaction; the metal organic small molecule cooperation compound belongs to branched small molecules, the structure of the metal organic small molecule cooperation compound uses a metal as a core, and a branched chain contains hydroxyquinoline and a perylene diimide and electron-donating aromatic group unit; hydroxyquinoline has high electron withdrawing capacity, the grafted perylene diimide unit is beneficial to improving the crystallization capacity and the electron affinity of small molecules, the electron donating capacity is enhanced by linking the electrondonating aromatic group to the perylene diimide unit, and the push-pull electron effect is easily formed with the hydroxyquinoline; and the structure small molecule and the polymer donor form energylevel matching, so that the structure small molecule is suitable for being used as a small molecule acceptor material.