348results about How to "Improve power generation performance" patented technology

A membrane electrode assembly for a solid polymer electrolyte fuel cell includes an anode electrode, a cathode electrode, and a polymer electrolyte membrane sandwiched by the electrodes, the catalyst layer of the cathode electrode containing a catalyst supporting particle in which a precious metal is supported on heat-treated carbon black or activated carbon, an ion conductive material, and a crystalline carbon fiber. Heat treatment is preferably applied at 2,500 to 3,000° C. (degrees Celsius). The membrane electrode assembly provides superior power generation performance.

The present invention provides a microbial fuel cell, using organic compounds as fuel, including an anode chamber, a cathode chamber, a membrane material for comparting the anode chamber and the cathode chamber and an external circuit, the membrane material is ion exchange membrane. The invention constructing microbial fuel cell by adopting ion exchange membrane as membrane material of MFC, improves the design concept of the microbial fuel cell based on the proton exchange membrane for a long time, the microbial fuel cell construction of the invention adopts the traditional MFC construction by using proton exchange membrane, having corresponding or even more output power and electricity production performance compared to the traditional MFC using proton exchange membrane, capable of commendably substituting the traditional MFC using proton exchange membrane, reducing the cost of the microbial fuel cell, providing possibility and technical support to the practical promotion of the microbial fuel cell.

The invention relates to the field of microbiological fuel cells, in particular to a microbiological fuel cell as well as a preparation method and applications thereof. The anode is carbon felt, the surface of which is deposited with polypyrrole and anthraquinone-2,6-sodium disulfonate; and the cathode mainly comprises carbon nano tubes, polyfluortetraethylene and gamma-iron oxide basic. The invention combines the advantages of microbiological fuel cells and electro-Fenton, and utilizes electric energy produced under the action of microorganisms on organic substrates in the anolyte as the energy of the electro-Fenton reaction to further oxidize and degrade contaminants in water bodies. The method is environmental-friendly and has the effects of production capacity and water treatment so that a new method for degrading organic contaminants with microbiological fuel cells is provided.

The invention relates to a combined ecological floating bed device for using a microbial fuel cell to purify lake water. The combined ecological floating bed device for using the microbial fuel cell to purify the lake water comprises a combined ecological floating bed and the microbial fuel cell, wherein the combined ecological floating bed comprises a surface aquatic plant unit, a middle aquatic animal unit and a lower artificial medium unit from the top to the bottom; the aquatic plant unit consists of aquatic economic plants (1) and a conductive material (2) for fixing the aquatic plants; the aquatic animal unit is used for aquaculturing predatory aquatic animal shellfish (3); in the artificial medium unit, an active carbon nanoparticle artificial medium (4) is enriched with a great number of microbes to form a high-efficiency biomembrane purifying area; the combined ecological floating bed device for using the microbial fuel cell to purify the lake water is characterized in that the conductive material (2) is led out of the device through a conductive wire (5) to form an air cathode electrode of the microbial fuel cell. The combined ecological floating bed device for using the microbial fuel cell to purify the lake water can improve the water quality fundamentally and can recycle energy, and is applicable to large-scale, modeled and mechanical work.

The invention aims at providing a floating-type tidal current energy power station, which comprises a transverse floating body, a longitudinal floating body, tidal current power generators and lifting mechanisms. The longitudinal floating body and the transverse floating body are orthogonally arranged in the shape of a Chinese character 'zhong'. The transverse floating body is overlapped on the longitudinal floating body. An installation and maintenance shaft is arranged on the transverse floating body. Anchoring chains are installed at the two ends of the longitudinal floating body. Each lifting mechanism comprises a lifting column, power boxes and a limiting stopper, wherein the power boxes are installed on the two sides of the installation and maintenance shaft, the limiting stopper is installed between the two power boxes and is connected with the two power boxes and the lifting column is sheathed in the limiting stopper. Each tidal current power generator comprises a cabin shell; and a power generator, a transmission shaft, a speed increaser, blades, a hub and a fairing cap which are installed in the cabin shell and are sequentially connected. The tidal current power generators are respectively connected with the lifting columns. By adopting a power station structure which is of the shape of the Chinese character 'zhong', the tidal current energy power station is guaranteed to have better stability, and the power generation performance of the tidal current power generators is improved; and the structure is simple and the production cost is low.

The invention discloses shewanella spp and application thereof in a microbial fuel cell and relates to the technical field of biology. The shewanella spp is shewanella xiamenensis sp.nov.S4 preserved in the 'China Center for Type Culture Collection' in January, 2009 with the preservation number of CCTCC M 209017. The shewanella spp has the characteristics of negative Gram stain, rod-shaped and straight thallus, two circular ends, diameter of 0.3 to 1.2mu m, length of 2.5 to 5.8mu m, single or paired existence and short-chain arrangement, single flagella on the thallus, mobility, capability of producing electricity in a seawater environment and higher electricity production activity and is obtained by separating marine sediments near the sea.

The invention relates to an arc solar panel which comprises a plastic substrate and a plurality of solar silicon crystal boards regularly arranged on the plastic substrate. The solar silicon crystal boards are used for photovoltaic power generation. The arc solar panel is characterized in that polyester resin layers with light transmittance performance are attached to the upper surfaces of the solar silicon crystal boards; and the lower surface of the plastic substrate is of the same curved surface shape with the outer surface of an automobile top plate. A processing technology of the arc solar panel, which is disclosed by the invention, comprises the following steps of: c, adhering the solar silicon crystal boards; d, arranging the polyester resin layers; 3, loading a die; f, filling a heating medium; g, carrying out hot embossing; and h, carrying out cooling sizing. According to the arc solar panel disclosed by the invention, the firmness of the integral arc solar panel is effectively ensured and the capacity of receiving the sunlight is ensured. The technology for manufacturing the arc solar panel, which is disclosed by the invention, has simple and reasonable steps and can be used for effectively ensuring the quality of the manufactured arc solar panel.

The invention relates to the technical field of microbial fuel cells, in particular to a method for preparing a microbial fuel cell electrode material employing rape stalks. The method comprises the steps as follows: rape stalks are sheared, dried and mixed with an H2SO4 solution in a hydrothermal reactor; the mass concentration of H2SO4 is 10%, 30% or 50%; reaction is carried out at 150 DEG C for 3 hours; the solution is cooled and then subjected to suction filtration to neutrality; the product is mixed with distilled water at the ratio of 1 to 1.5; the mixture is further put into the hydrothermal reactor, reacts at 120 DEG C for 3 hours, and is dried after suction filtration to obtain hydrothermal carbon; the sample is carbonized in a nitrogen condition in a tube furnace; the carbonization temperature is 400 DEG C; the heating rate is 10 DEG C/min; the nitrogen flow rate is controlled at 0.6L/min; the carbonized sample is soaked with 5wt% HCl for 6 hours and washed to neutrality; and the product is soaked with 3wt% HF for 6 hours, washed to neutrality and dried. The method is simple; and the prepared electrode is large in specific surface area, high in specific capacitance, good in biocompatibility, high in electron transfer rate and good in electricity production effect.

The invention belongs to the filed of microbiological fuel cells, and provides a method for strengthening electricity generating performance of an MFC (Microbial Fuel Cell) by taking excess sludge as fuel and strengthening sludge reduction by enzyme. The method comprises the steps of adding 20mM of NaCl in the excess sludge for strengthening the electrical conductivity of solution, adding neutral protease and Alpha-amylase, and generating electricity by directly using electricity generating microorganisms in the excess sludge for one day so as to start the MFC and obtain higher electric energy, wherein the strengthening effect of the neutral protease and the Alpha-amylase on an SMFC (Sediment Microbial Fuel Cell) at 40 DEG C is the most obvious. Under a condition that the total concentration of the enzyme is not changed, the mass concentration ratio of the neutral protease and the Alpha-amylase is 2:3, at the moment, the power density is the largest (776mW*m-2), and the removal rates of TCOD (total chemical oxygen demand), TSS (total suspended solids) and VSS (volatile suspended solids) reach 87.29%, 91.75% and 95.01% respectively. The method is fast in starting, simple in process, convenient to operate, and low in cost, and can treat the excess sludge in an urban domestic sewage treatment plant.

An oscillation buoy power generation device comprises a buoy floating on the sea surface, and power generation assemblies, and further comprises at least one limiting rod installed on the upper end face of the buoy. Spiral grooves are formed around the outer walls of the limiting rods in the length direction of the limiting rods. Each power generation assembly comprises a driving gear installed in cooperation with the corresponding limiting rod, at least one driven gear engaged with the driving gear, and a power generator connected with a hub of each driven gear. Each driving gear comprises a hollow shaft sleeve. Gears are arranged around the outer walls of the hollow shaft sleeves. Transmission pins are arranged on the inner walls of the hollow shaft sleeves. The limiting rods are inserted in the hollow shaft sleeves. The transmission pins are installed in the spiral grooves in an inserted manner and can move along the spiral grooves. According to the novel mechanical oscillation buoy power generation device, the structure of the spiral grooves is designed, rotation, along the spiral grooves, of the driving gears is converted into electric energy of the electric generators through the driven gears, and compared with a traditional wave energy power generation device, the structure is simplified, flexible and reliable, and a stable power generation effect can be achieved.

The invention provides a high-efficiency and low-cost solar energy thermal-electric cogeneration system, comprising a condenser, a heat absorbing filter, and a photovoltaic cell; the shell of the heat absorbing filter is provided with a front transparent window plate and a rear transparent window plate; the average internal transmittance of the front transparent window plate and the rear transparent window plate is more than 80%/cm correspondingly to a solar ray with the wavelength of 400-2300nm; the front transparent window plate faces to the condenser; the focus of the condenser is positioned inside the internal chamber of the heat absorbing filter; the internal chamber of the heat absorbing filter is internally provided with heat mediums; the average transmittance of the heat mediums is more than 85%/cm correspondingly to the visible light with the wavelength of 400-760nm; the average absorption ratio of the heat mediums is more than 20%/cm corresponding to the infrared light with the wavelength of 1150-2300nm; the back surface of the rear transparent window plate is provided with a cell bin which is internally provided with a photovoltaic cell; the distance between the front transparent window plate and the rear transparent window plate is 10-120mm. The high-efficiency and low-cost solar energy thermal-electric cogeneration system adopts simple structures and simple heat medium, effectively solves the difficult problem of temperature reduction of the photovoltaic cell, excellently matches with the sensitive characteristic area of the photovoltaic cell, leads the full spectral coverage of the solar spectrum to generate power or heat correspondingly without waste, and greatly improves the productivity of the solar energy.

The present invention intends to provide a fuel cell being capable of preventing the methanol crossover in a simple and easy manner and being excellent in fuel utilization rate and the like. A fuel cell 30 of the present invention includes a polymer electrolyte membrane 11, an anode 23 and a cathode 25 sandwiching the polymer electrolyte membrane 11, an anode-side separator 17 having a fuel flow channel, a cathode-side separator 21 having an oxidant flow channel, and gaskets 26 and 27 interposed between the anode-side and cathode-side separators 17 and 21 and the periphery of the polymer electrolyte membrane 11. In the fuel cell 30, the orthographic projection area of the anode catalyst layer 31 included in the anode 23 seen from the direction normal to an MEA is set to be larger than the orthographic projection area of the anode porous substrate 15 included in the anode 23 seen from the direction normal to the MEA.

The present invention provides a fuel cell unit having a structure in which vapor is efficiently diffused in a fuel diffusion layer through a region having a reduced diffusion resistance, so that vapor is spread to every corner in a direction along an opening, thereby reducing variation in wetness of a polymer electrolyte membrane. As a result, as compared with a case where there is no region having a reduced diffusion resistance, a proper moistened state is maintained over a wider range of the polymer electrolyte membrane, thereby making it possible to enhance hydrogen ion transfer ability of the polymer electrolyte membrane as a whole.

The invention discloses uses of a marine yeast, preservation No. of the marine yeast Rhodosporidimu paludigenum Fell & Tallman is IMI 394084, the marine yeast can be used in microorganism fuel cell for electricity generation directly. The invention discloses a microorganism fuel cell at the same time, including an open anode chamber (2) with an anode electrode (5) provided inside and an open cathode chamber (1) with a cathode electrode provided inside (4), a proton exchange membrane is provided between the anode chamber (2) and the cathode chamber (1), a liquid organic fuel containing bacteria solution is provided in the anode chamber (2), and the bateria solution is obtained by fermenting the marine yeast of preservation No. 394084. The invention also discloses method of preparing the microorganism fuel cell at the same time. The microorganism fuel cell of the invention is provided with features of environment friendly.

The present invention provides a membrane electrode assembly for a polymer electrolyte fuel cell, including: an electrolyte membrane; a catalyst layer; and a conductive porous gas diffusion layer, in which an interface between the catalyst layer and the electrolyte membrane is provided with a groove for allowing one of passage and retention of a fluid, and a polymer electrolyte fuel cell employing the membrane electrode assembly. As a result, there is provided at low costs the membrane electrode assembly for a polymer electrolyte fuel cell having improved drainage performance and the polymer electrolyte fuel cell employing the membrane electrode assembly and having stable power generation performance.

The invention discloses an air cathode microbial fuel cell constructed wetland device of a biological carbon matrix anode. The upper layer of the constructed wetland is an aerobic zone, the lower layer of the constructed wetland is an anoxic zone; the aerobic zone and the anoxic zone are respectively provided with a cathode electrode and a biological carbon matrix anode electrode; waste water enters the anoxic zone through a water supply system and an inflowing water distribution pipe; electrons and protons are generated by oxidizing organic matters by microorganisms; the electrons are transmitted to the cathode electrode of the upper aerobic zone by the biological carbon matrix anode electrode of the lower anoxic zone through an external circuit; the protons are transmitted to the aerobic zone through a packing medium; the protons are diffused to the aerobic zone through a solution to combine with the electrons and oxygen gas so as to generate water; finally, after being cleaned by the microorganisms in the upper aerobic zone, the waste water flows to a water drainage system through an outflow water collecting pipe. The constructed wetland device disclosed by the invention can efficiently remove organic matters, increase the generated power, and effectively improve water quality and pH value. The constructed wetland is various in organisms, good in processing effect, low in running and maintaining costs, energy saving and environment friendly.

An electrode which can be used in a fuel cell having improved power generation performance and high durability, and a fuel cell having such an electrode, are provided. An electrode having catalyst layers arranged on both surfaces of an electrolyte membrane, wherein the electrode is characterized in that an electrode binder used for constituting the catalyst layers contains a cross-linked compound (X) having a silicon-oxygen bond, a polymer material (Y) containing an acid group, and an aqueous dispersion (Z) containing a thermoplastic resin.

The invention discloses shewanella and application thereof in a microbiological fuel cell, and relates to the technical field of biology. The shewanella is Shewanella marisflavi EP1 which is preserved in 'China Center for Type Culture Collection' in January 2009 with the preservation number of CCTCC M 209016. The shewanella is characterized in that: the shewanella is gram-negative; the thalli are rod-shaped and straight; two ends are circular; the diameter is 0.3 to 1.0 micro; the length is 2.5 to 6.0 micros; the thalli can singly exist or are arranged in pair or in a short-chain shape; and the thalli have autogenetic flagella and can move. The shewanella is separated from offshore ocean sediments, has wide salt ion concentration tolerance activity, and can generate power in electrode liquid at the concentration of up to 8 percent. Therefore, the internal resistance of the microbiological fuel cell is effectively reduced.

The invention provides a fuel cell control system which comprises a control unit, at least one parameter control actuator mechanism used to output working parameters of a controlled fuel cell, a measurement unit, a storage unit and a regulating unit. The measurement unit is adapted to connect with a load and monitor the input electricity behavior of the load. The storage unit stores each output electricity behavior of the fuel cell, an optimal electrical behavior of each output electricity behavior and a first working parameter corresponding to the optimal electrical behavior. The control unit is connected with the measurement unit, the storage unit, the parameter control actuator mechanism and the regulating unit individually. The control unit responds the output of the measurement unit, determines the optimal electrical behavior and the first working parameter, controls the fuel cell to work upon the optimal electrical behavior, and outputs control signals to the parameter control actuator mechanism according to the first working parameter. The invention simplifies the control system and control algorithm of the fuel cells, reduces the cost, and ensures the power generation property of the fuel cells.

The invention provides a method for improving the electron transfer capacity and output power of a microbial fuel cell, which is characterized in that antibiotics containing beta-lactam rings are added into fuel of the microbial fuel cell in a proportion of between 10 and 50mg/L. The antibiotics containing the beta-lactam rings are added into the fuel of the cell, and can break the integrity of cell membranes of microbes under the condition of small dose without influencing the activity of cells. Therefore, electrons can be transferred to the surface of an anode from the inside of the cells, the transfer resistance of the electrons is reduced greatly, the electron transfer capacity is improved, the generation efficiency of current is improved, the power output is improved, and the utilization capacity of the microbes on substrates is not reduced; and the greatest output power of the microbial fuel cell is improved greatly, and simultaneously penicillin added in the fuel can also be degraded by the microbial fuel cell without causing secondary environmental pollution.

The invention belongs to the technical field of electrochemical catalysis, in particularly relates to a photothermal biological anode, a preparation method thereof and an application of the photothermal biological anode. The preparation method includes the steps: mixing Ti3AlC2 and strong HF solution, and performing reaction for 24-36 hours at the temperature ranging from 60 DEG C to 80 DEG C to obtain Ti3AlC2 to serve as an MXene material; dispersing the MXene material into absolute ethyl alcohol, adding a binding agent, mixing mixture to obtain slurry; coating the surface of a carbon felt with the slurry, and drying the carbon felt to obtain the photothermal biological anode. The proportion of the MXene material to the binding agent is (100-300) mg: (0.1-0.2) mL. The method is simple tooperate and economical in cost, and the photothermal biological anode prepared by the method has good photothermal effect, is applied to preparation of a microbiological electrochemical system and a microbial fuel cell and economical in cost and can provide suitable heat for growth of microorganisms by the aid of solar energy in a low-temperature environment.

The invention relates to a breathable knitted spacer fabric friction generator and a preparation method thereof. The method comprises the steps of weaving a top layer and a bottom layer by using a three-wire plating process, controlling the yarn angles of surface yarns, intermediate yarns and ground yarns respectively such that the three yarns are sequentially arranged according to a certain positional relationship and then are woven, at the same time, in the weaving process, performing alternate tucking of spacer wires between a top layer ground yarn and a bottom layer ground yarn with a certain number of spacing stitches to form the breathable knitted spacer fabric friction generator, wherein a top layer surface yarn and a bottom layer surface yarn are at the outmost sides of a compositelayer and are insulating yarns, a top layer intermediate yarn and a bottom layer intermediate yarn are conductive yarns, the top layer ground yarn and the bottom layer ground yarn are opposite and are a triboelectric negative yarn and a triboelectric positive yarn correspondingly, and a spacer layer is composed of a set of spacer wires that are simultaneously connected to the top layer ground yarn and bottom layer ground yarn. The preparation method of the invention has the advantages of simple process and high weaving efficiency, and the obtained knitted spacer fabric friction generator hasgood gas permeability and has excellent promotion value.

The invention provides a method of synchronously degrading excess sludge and treating hexavalent chromium wastewater, and relates to a method of recycling the excess sludge and treating the chromium-containing wastewater. The invention aims to solve the problem that the current treatment cost for treating excess pollutants is high by utilizing microbial fuel cells. The method comprises the steps of 1, setting up a double-cell-structure reactor; 2, adding the excess sludge and nutrient solutions into an anode chamber of the reactor, adding potassium ferricyanidecatholyte into a cathode chamber, and performing cultivation, wherein when the voltage output is greater than 0.6 V, starting is successful; 3, adding the excess sludge and the nutrient solutions to be treated into the anode chamber, adding the hexavalent chromium wastewater to be treated into the cathode chamber, and performing treatment, wherein a treatment period of the excess sludge is 40 to 50 days, the degradation rate of the excess sludge can reach 38 percent to 62 percent, a reduction period of the hexavalent chromium wastewater is 2 to 10 days, the degradation rate of hexavalent chromium can reach 66.4 percent to 93.2 percent, and the purpose of synchronously degrading the excess sludge and treating the hexavalent chromium wastewater is realized.