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This invention provides a high-temperature wear-resistant, oil-free lubricating metal-ceramic composite mold core material for producing antibiotic vials, made from the following raw materials in the indicated mass fractions: molybdenum 3%–6%, titanium 0%–2%, tungsten carbide 6%–10%, titanium carbide 20%–25%, hexagonal boron nitride 1%–5%, nickel-coated graphite 2%–4%, with the balance being nickel. The method for preparing the metal-ceramic composite mold core material is as follows: hexagonal boron nitride powder is dispersed in anhydrous ethanol and ultrasonically treated; then, powdered molybdenum, titanium, tungsten carbide, titanium carbide, nickel-coated graphite, and nickel are mixed; after wet mixing, a composite slurry is obtained; the composite slurry is dried and then placed into a graphite mold lined with graphite paper for hot pressing and sintering; after cooling, the high-temperature wear-resistant, oil-free lubricating metal-ceramic composite mold core material for producing antibiotic vials is obtained. The process of this invention is simple and controllable, and the prepared mold core material exhibits excellent self-lubricating and wear-resistant properties at high temperatures, making it suitable for use in the pharmaceutical industry for producing mold cores for controlled antibiotic vials.