The invention provides a preparation method of a nickel, chromium, boron, silicon and niobium alloy abrasion-resistant coating. The method comprises the steps of 1, mixing the following powder in percentage by mass: 15-18% of Cr, 2-3% of B, 2-4% of Si, 1.5-2.5% of Mn, 4-8% of Nb, and the balance Ni, wherein the particle size of the powder is 25-50 microns; and 2: (1) hardening and tempering a substrate; (2) preprocessing the substrate surface by sand blasting; (3) performing plasma spraying on a substrate subjected to sand blasting; and (4) remelting a covered nickel, chromium, boron, siliconand niobium coating; and inductively heating through a high-frequency inductive heating device to obtain the nickel, chromium, boron, silicon and niobium alloy abrasion-resistant coating. According tothe method, the combination form of the coating and the substrate is changed, so that the combining intensity can be improved; and hard phases such as Nb2C in the coating is separated out, so that the abrasion life of the coating is prolonged.