58 results about "Bacillariophytes" patented technology

The invention discloses a lake and reservoir dominant algae community structure prediction method and system based on machine learning and a storage medium, and relates to the technical field of water environment monitoring and ecological prediction. Comprising the following steps that multi-source heterogeneous spatio-temporal data are obtained and fused, and the multi-source heterogeneous spatio-temporal data are historical time sequence data of a target water area; generating a feature vector from the fused multi-source heterogeneous spatio-temporal data; constructing a multi-output regression machine learning model, and inputting the feature vector into the multi-output regression machine learning model for training to obtain a multi-output prediction model; and inputting real-time monitoring data into the multi-output prediction model to generate a prediction result of a future dominant algae community structure. According to the method, whether cyanobacterial bloom or diatom bloom exists in the future can be clearly early warned, so that a manager can take targeted measures, for example, a specific algicide or ultrasonic equipment is used for the cyanobacteria, blind pesticide application is avoided, and the cost and the secondary pollution risk are reduced.

The application discloses a kind of long-acting targeted cultivation alga high-density complex of water body and preparation method thereof, it is related to aquaculture field, the high-density complex includes the following weight parts components: small material premix 3-5 parts, sodium chloride 35-40 parts, gelatinized starch 1-3 parts, attapulgite 40-50 parts, cement 3-7 parts, titanate coupling agent 1-3 parts, molasses 2-4 parts and purified water 1-5 parts.The preparation method of the high-density complex includes the following steps: small material premix is subpackaged, is stirred uniformly with other components and adds molasses to carry out humidity control, then subpackaging and compression molding are formed, in turn plastic envelope, package and film winding.The long-acting targeted cultivation alga high-density complex of water body provided in the application can directional cultivation diatom and chlorella, and continuously release functional material, stabilize the abundance of beneficial algae, effectively solve the problem that directional cultivation beneficial organism cannot be carried out and functional material release speed is too fast.

The invention relates to the technical field of microbial culture, in particular to a heterotrophic culture method of benthic diatom, which comprises the following steps: S1, adding benthic diatom into an improved SE culture medium, and culturing for 5-7 days until OD540 is 0.8-1.2 to obtain a benthic diatom seed solution; according to the method disclosed by the invention, a nutrition system is constructed by taking waste glycerol as a carbon source and sodium alginate coated urea as a slow-release nitrogen source, and the benthic diatom, nitrogen-fixing bacteria and phosphate solubilizing bacteria are co-cultured on a porous ceramic carrier to be cultured under a dark condition, so that compared with the prior art, the method disclosed by the invention thoroughly gets rid of the dependence on illumination, and the yield is increased. The rapid, high-yield and stable heterotrophic culture of the benthic diatom is realized, meanwhile, the raw material and energy consumption cost is greatly reduced, and the resource recycling rate is improved; the obtained diatom biomass can be used for aquatic bait, biological energy, environmental restoration and development of high-added-value products, and has a wide industrial application prospect.

The application belongs to the technical field of cosmetics, and discloses a fucoidan polysaccharide composition with bacteriostatic efficacy, and a preparation method and application thereof. The fucoidan polysaccharide composition comprises phaeophycus triquetrum fucoidan, small new moon rhombus fucoidan and false micro-halochain fucoidan, and the mass ratio of the phaeophycus triquetrum fucoidan, the small new moon rhombus fucoidan and the false micro-halochain fucoidan is (1-2):(1-2):(1-2). The fucoidan polysaccharide composition is prepared by compounding specific phaeophycus triquetrum fucoidan, small new moon rhombus fucoidan and false micro-halochain fucoidan, has a synergistic effect, and has excellent antibacterial efficacy. When the fucoidan polysaccharide composition is applied to cosmetics, it has good formula adaptability, does not affect the exertion of efficacy and the stability of the cosmetics.

The invention provides a nutrition regulator based on bioactive substances and a preparation method of the nutrition regulator based on the bioactive substances. Comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10-20 parts of zymosan, 15-25 parts of fulvic acid, 20-30 parts of a high-activity carbon source, 5-10 parts of compound biological enzyme, 8-15 parts of algae auxin, 8-12 parts of compound probiotics, 3-8 parts of betaine, 15-25 parts of compound mineral elements and 5-10 parts of compound trace elements. According to the nutrient regulator, the algae auxin is formed by compounding the undaria pinnatifida fermentation product, the pomegranate peel fermentation product and the enteromorpha fermentation product, the undaria pinnatifida fermentation product promotes diatom growth, the enteromorpha fermentation product promotes green algae growth, the pomegranate peel fermentation product can inhibit growth of harmful algae such as blue-green algae, and the nutrient regulator has a synergistic effect on the algae auxin. Therefore, the proportion of beneficial algae such as diatom is increased and maintained for a long time, stable, efficient and high-quality water color beneficial to culture is formed, and the productivity structure of the pond is fundamentally optimized.

The invention provides a durable antibacterial environment-friendly marine antifouling coating for machinery as well as a preparation method and application of the durable antibacterial environment-friendly marine antifouling coating, and belongs to the technical field of marine antifouling materials. Nano titanium dioxide; a curing agent; a pigment; the fluorine-containing quaternary ammonium salt polysiloxane prepolymer is prepared by carrying out dehydration condensation reaction on a quaternary ammonium salt silane monomer A, a phenyl-containing silane monomer B and a fluorine-containing silane monomer C in an organic solvent under the action of a basic catalyst; the quaternary ammonium salt compound adopted by the invention has the characteristics of excellent environmental compatibility, outstanding fast-acting antibacterial and algae-killing properties and the like, can endow the surface of a material with continuous microbial inhibition and killing properties, and blocks the colonization and reproduction chain of marine attachment organisms from the source by destroying the integrity of bacterial cell membranes and interfering the activity of biological enzymes, so that the marine attachment organisms can be effectively inhibited. The resistance of the coating to typical fouling organisms such as barnacles and diatom is obviously improved; and meanwhile, the modulus and hardness of the coating can be remarkably improved, so that the coating can better resist scratch, abrasion and collision.

The application provides a method for preparing a coating layer by using diatom shells and application, comprising the following steps: 1, adding distilled water into diatom mud or diatom dry powder, adjusting pH value by using strong acid, and then standing to obtain precipitate, centrifuging and washing the obtained precipitate to obtain primary diatom shells; 2, digesting or calcining the primary diatom shells to remove organic matter to obtain inorganic diatom shells; 3, mixing the inorganic diatom shells or the primary diatom shells with anhydrous ethanol and ammonia water to obtain diatom shell sol; and 4, coating the diatom shell sol on the surface of a substrate and heat treating to obtain a coating layer. The application utilizes the porous structure, large specific surface area and high light trapping efficiency of diatom shells, and prepares diatom shell sol by using diatom mud or diatom dry powder as raw material to form a coating layer on a substrate, without the need of complex pretreatment and modification steps, so that the coating layer has high light transmittance, hydrophobic characteristics, good antireflection effect, and is widely applied to solar cells, automobile, greenhouse and building glass.

The invention relates to the technical field of water body microorganism growth pollution and adhesion fouling treatment, in particular to a microorganism inactivation device and method for supplying power to a copper electrode through a friction nanometer generator, and the microorganism inactivation device comprises the friction nanometer generator, a copper oxide nanowire modified copper electrode, an electric field action area and a control system. A high-voltage and low-current electric field generated by the friction nano-generator is combined with the copper oxide nanowire modified copper electrode, dual synergy is achieved, a stable and controllable electric field source can be provided, the copper oxide nanowire modified copper electrode modifies the copper oxide nanowire with a high aspect ratio on the surface of a copper net, and when the copper electrode is powered, the copper oxide nanowire with the high aspect ratio can be provided for the copper electrode. Due to the lightning rod effect of the nanowires, the electric field of the tip part can generate an amplification phenomenon, and the remarkably enhanced electric field intensity can more effectively drive diatom and algal microorganisms in a water body and strongly destroy the integrity of cell membranes, so that cell contents are quickly leaked, and efficient physical inactivation is realized.

Methods for the fermentative production of O-phosphoserine, cysteate, or taurine in microbes or unicellular organisms that contain a serB mutation that either decreases serB expression, reduces the amount of the serB gene product or results in a serB gene product with low enzymatic activity. Genetic modifications of the O-phosphoserine, cysteate, or taurine and / or substrate biosynthetic pathways in unicellular organisms that include bacteria, algae, microalgae, diatoms, yeast, or fungi are disclosed. Also disclosed are fermentation and processing methods for the production of various O-phosphoserine-, cysteate-, or taurine-containing products and the use of the cells, fermentation broth or extracts that contain O-phosphoserine, cysteate, or taurine to produce products for use in food, feed, beverages, dietary and health supplements, cosmetics, personal care, pharmaceuticals, agricultural production, or surfactants.

The invention relates to a ship body steel structure composite electrogenesis bacterium biological membrane anticorrosive coating and a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of marine ship steel structure anticorrosive coating preparation. According to the specific scheme, the ship body steel structure composite electrogenesis bacterium biological membrane anticorrosive coating comprises a coating I and a coating II, the outer surface of a ship body steel structure is coated with the coating I, and the outer surface of the ship body steel structure is coated with the coating II; the surface of the coating I is coated with the coating II, the coating I comprises diatom ooze I and seawater salt-tolerant anaerobic electricity-producing bacteria, and the seawater salt-tolerant anaerobic electricity-producing bacteria grow in pores of the diatom ooze I; the coating II comprises diatom ooze II and seawater salt-tolerant facultative anaerobic saccharomycetes, and the seawater salt-tolerant facultative anaerobic saccharomycetes grow in internal pores of the diatom ooze II. Corrosion prevention of the ship body steel structure is achieved through the environment-friendly microbial electrochemical technology, traditional epoxy resin and polyurethane anti-corrosion paint are replaced, and the technology belongs to the environment-friendly anti-corrosion technology.

The invention discloses a method for identifying biological siliceous shale, which comprises the following steps of: firstly, identifying a bright stripe layer in the biological siliceous shale as a diatom, calcium algae and radiation insect concentrated development section by utilizing an optical microscope, then quantitatively identifying the total siliceous mineral content of a sample by utilizing energy spectrum minerals, and measuring organic matters and porosity by utilizing a field emission scanning electron microscope. According to the method, the biological siliceous shale is identified from different microscales by adopting three methods, the results are mutually verified, and the method provides effective technical support for evaluating favorable layer sections of the shale and is of great significance for improving the exploration and development effect of shale gas.

The application discloses a diatomite plate-based aquaculture system and relates to the field of aquaculture, which comprises a power mechanism for agitating water and a floating body mechanism for making the power mechanism float on the water, wherein the floating body mechanism comprises a floating ball with a water inlet arranged in the water, the power mechanism is arranged above the water when the power mechanism is stopped, and the application further comprises a blocking piece for controlling the opening and closing of the water inlet based on the rotating state of the power mechanism. The diatomite plate-based aquaculture system provided by the application has the advantage that, since the power mechanism is completely arranged above the water when the power mechanism is stopped, the resistance of the power mechanism during startup is reduced, and the power mechanism is not soaked by the water when the power mechanism is in a stopped state.

This invention provides a mechanically durable, antibacterial, and environmentally friendly marine antifouling coating, its preparation method, and its application. Belonging to the field of marine antifouling materials technology, it comprises the following components: a fluorinated quaternary ammonium salt polysiloxane prepolymer; nano-titanium dioxide; a curing agent; and pigments. The fluorinated quaternary ammonium salt polysiloxane prepolymer is prepared by dehydration condensation reaction of quaternary ammonium salt silane monomer A, phenyl silane monomer B, and fluorinated silane monomer C in an organic solvent under the action of an alkaline catalyst. The quaternary ammonium salt compounds used in this invention possess excellent environmental compatibility and outstanding rapid antibacterial and algaecidal effects, endowing the material surface with continuous microbial inhibition and killing properties. By disrupting the integrity of bacterial cell membranes and interfering with the activity of biological enzymes, it blocks the colonization and reproduction chain of marine attached organisms from the source, significantly improving the coating's resistance to typical fouling organisms such as barnacles and diatoms. Simultaneously, it can significantly improve the coating's modulus and hardness, making it more resistant to scratches, abrasions, and impacts.

The present application belongs to the field of marine ecological dynamics and biogeochemical process coupling simulation technology, and particularly relates to a method for regulating marine diatom-microzooplankton competition evolution mechanism by nutrient salt-enzyme activity, comprising the following steps: constructing a model according to the double-algae niche competition principle of nutrient salt and enzyme activity regulation, introducing an enzyme activity regulation submodule, and regulating the growth, metabolism, secretion and death processes of phytoplankton. The model comprises a nutrient salt module, a phytoplankton module and a detritus module, which are respectively used for simulating the migration and transformation process of nutrient salt in the marine environment, the growth and death process of phytoplankton and the transformation process of detritus. The absorption, assimilation and transformation processes of nutrient salt are regulated by enzyme activity, and the detritus is divided into cell detritus and particulate detritus, so as to distinguish the loss of dead cell organic matter and the mineralization process of detritus, and the cell disintegration process is supplemented. Finally, the phytoplankton growth and death dynamics parameters are simulated by the model, and the mechanism of marine diatom-microzooplankton competition evolution is analyzed.

The invention relates to the technical field of carbon dioxide capture and adsorption, in particular to a calcium oxide-based adsorbent for high-temperature carbon dioxide capture and a preparation method. The adsorbent comprises a biomass calcium carbonate matrix, a skeleton proppant, a Ce-Zr-Cu composite oxide bifunctional aid, a conductive dispersant, a macropore-mesopore-micropore hierarchical porous structure formed by biomimetic mineralization of a biological template agent, and an amino functional group grafted by a surface modifier. The biomass calcium carbonate matrix is formed by compounding egg shells, shells and coral bones according to the mass ratio of 1: 1: 0.5; the skeleton proppant is formed by compounding a ZSM-5 molecular sieve and mesoporous gamma-aluminum oxide according to a mass ratio of 2: 1; in the scheme, biomimetic mineralization is realized by compounding a ZSM-5 / gamma-alumina skeleton and a Ce-Zr-Cu ternary auxiliary agent, introducing a PAN-based nitrogen-doped carbon network and matching with a diatom-egg white biological template, and APTES + PEI surface modification is performed, so that the problems of poor sintering, poor circulation, agglomeration and the like of a traditional adsorbent are solved in a targeted manner, double-temperature-zone adsorption is also realized, and the comprehensive performance is greatly improved.

The invention provides a breeding method for promoting growth of decapterus maruadsi, and belongs to the technical field of breeding of decapterus maruadsi. An indoor circulating water system is adopted, diatom is put in advance, the water environment can be more stable, and natural bait is provided for fry. The density is reduced by dividing the fishes into different ponds according to the sizes of the fishes, and extrusion competition among the fishes is reduced. The feed is specially prepared according to different growth stages of the fish, components for enhancing immunity are added, and the feed is fed according to the proportion every day, so that the fish grows fast and is less ill. Meanwhile, the water temperature and the illumination time are well controlled, and the favorite growth environment is simulated. Under the combined action of the measures, the good effects of accelerating the growth of the decapterus maruadsi, shortening the breeding time, reducing the occurrence of diseases and improving the overall yield are finally achieved.

The invention discloses a diatom-mineral complexing agent, preparation and application thereof and a rice cultivation method, and belongs to the technical field of rice diatom symbiotic cultivation methods. The preparation method of the diatom-mineral complexing agent comprises the following steps: infiltrating particles of a sterilized natural silicon-rich porous mineral with the silicon dioxide content of more than 30wt% into diatom liquid to obtain a diatom infiltrated mineral; and carrying out solid-liquid separation on the diatom infiltrated mineral, and drying to obtain the diatom-mineral complexing agent. The obtained diatom-mineral complexing agent can remarkably prevent diatom applied to a paddy field from being damaged by animal predation, silicon deficiency, insecticides and the like, long-term stable growth, proliferation and erection of the diatom are maintained, and the yield of rice is further increased.

The invention discloses an aquaculture system based on diatom plates, and relates to the field of aquaculture, the aquaculture system comprises a power mechanism used for stirring water and a floating body mechanism used for enabling the power mechanism to float on the water; the floating body mechanism comprises a floating ball, and a water inlet formed in a water body is formed in the floating ball; when the power mechanism stops, the power mechanism is arranged above the water body; the device further comprises a plugging piece, and the plugging piece controls opening and closing of the water inlet based on the rotating state of the power mechanism. According to the aquaculture system based on the diatom plate, due to the arrangement, the power mechanism is completely arranged above the water body when the power mechanism stops, so that the starting resistance of the power mechanism can be reduced, and the power mechanism cannot be soaked by the water body when the power mechanism is in a stopped state.

The invention discloses a method for mineralizing marine diatom memory-losing shellfish poison through hydroxyl free radicals and an offshore device, and relates to marine shellfish poison treatment. The method comprises the following steps: culturing nitzschia in a control enclosure, extracting a nitzschia solution, pumping the nitzschia solution into a main pipeline, generating a high-concentration OH solution by OH solution generation equipment, injecting the high-concentration OH solution into a liquid / liquid mixing and dissolving device, cutting and mixing the OH solution and the nitzschia solution at a throat pipe, crushing the mixture into a huge amount of fine liquid drops, rapidly mineralizing memory-losing shellfish poison by OH at the moment of collapse of the liquid drops, and killing the nitzschia at the same time; one path of OH-killed algae is directly injected into the treatment I enclosure through a main pipeline I, the other path of OH-killed algae is introduced into a flocculation stirring tank through a main pipeline II to form flocs, the flocs are injected into the treatment II enclosure after forming flocs at a water conveying section, and the flocs are pumped into a flocs storage box after settling to the bottom of the enclosure; the sea water in the enclosure of the treatment I and the treatment II is pumped into a detection branch pipeline, and the concentration of memory-losing shellfish poison and the density of algae in the enclosure are monitored on line in real time. The device inhibits the transmission of the memory-losing shellfish poison along the marine food chain, and ensures the marine ecological safety.

The utility model relates to the technical field of algae culture devices, in particular to an open shallow-water microalgae adherent culture device which comprises a transverse rectangular supporting frame, a plurality of culture substrates are sequentially and flatly laid on the supporting frame from top to bottom at equal intervals, and the section of each culture substrate is in a groove shape. One end of the culture substrate is provided with an integrated blocking plate, and the other end is open and hermetically connected with a funnel; the funnel is embedded into one side of the blocking plate of the adjacent culture substrate; a plurality of incandescent lamps are arranged between every two adjacent culture substrates in the transverse direction at equal intervals, and the incandescent lamps are fixedly arranged on the supporting frame in the longitudinal direction. The diatom growth is promoted through natural light and an incandescent lamp, and a thin culture solution is formed on the bottom surface of the culture substrate, so that the diatom can statically grow on the bottom surface of the culture substrate and finally form a biological membrane with a certain thickness, and the biological membrane can be directly observed and collected.

A method for improving the mating rate of Penaeus vannamei, comprising the following steps: step one, cultivating diatoms in a parent culture pond: scraping the naturally propagated benthic diatoms from the inner wall of the water inlet pipeline in the breeding field or near the middle tide line of the beach to obtain the benthic diatom liquid; culturing the benthic diatoms in still water: continuously adding filtered seawater to culture the benthic diatoms by flowing water; and culturing in a pond: moving female and male parent shrimps into the parent culture pond in which the benthic diatoms are cultivated until the female shrimps mature; step two, moving the female shrimps into the male shrimp culture pond for mating: selecting the female shrimps with mature gonads and moving them into the male shrimp culture pond for mating; step three, moving the female shrimps that have successfully mated into an egg laying pond for laying eggs, and taking out the female shrimps after laying eggs and returning them to the original culture pond. The method stabilizes the water quality by managing the benthic diatoms in the culture pond, provides a stable mating environment, and improves the mating rate; the operation is simple, the parent shrimps are less damaged, the cost is lower, the success rate is high, and the mating rate is as high as 90%.

The application discloses a method for improving survival of Trochus conus seedlings. A plastic film or corrugated plate is placed in a water pool, an algal nutrient solution is added, water flow is suspended, and aeration culture is carried out for 15-30 days. A black sunshade net is installed above the water pool, so that the light intensity is lower than 5000 Lux. The temperature of the culture water body is 20-30 DEG C, and the salinity is 30-32 ppt. After the benthic diatoms grow fully, the water in the water pool is completely discharged, the sunshade net is lifted, the benthic diatoms are exposed to sunlight, and the exposure is continued until part of the benthic diatoms die. Then, water is added to the water pool for aeration, the sunshade net is laid again, and the Trochus conus fertilized eggs are moved into the diatom pool. Water flow is suspended, and aeration culture is carried out. The sunlight exposure method is used to kill about 30%-70% of the benthic diatoms, and part of the fresh benthic diatoms are reserved, so that the attachment metamorphosis and survival of the Trochus conus larvae are obviously improved, and technical support is provided for large-scale production of the Trochus conus.

The invention provides a high-efficiency and environment-friendly two-stage and three-stage diatomite water separation and purification fine powder preparation process, which comprises the following steps: crushing and pulping diatomite ore, sequentially carrying out gravity settling impurity removal and multi-stage pressure type hydrocyclone group series connection to separate and enrich a diatomite shell, concentrating and filter-pressing and dehydrating the obtained fine soil slurry, and carrying out water separation and purification on the refined soil slurry to obtain the fine powder, namely the high-efficiency and environment-friendly two-stage and three-stage diatomite water separation and purification fine powder. Indirect heating drying at the temperature of less than or equal to 250 DEG C is adopted, the dried material is ground and graded to obtain fine powder with D97 of less than or equal to 25 microns, and wastewater is recycled after being treated in the whole process; a physical sorting method is adopted, key procedures such as drying temperature are strictly controlled, and airflow crushing and other mild processing modes are adopted, so that the inherent microscopic porous structure of the diatom is furthest protected, and the performances such as high specific surface area and pore volume of a final product are ensured; the requirements of high-end application fields on the structural integrity of the diatomite material are met.

This invention discloses an iron-containing diatomaceous earth shell material, its preparation method, applications, and a method for preparing a tannic acid-diatomaceous earth shell composite material containing this material. The iron-containing diatomaceous earth shell material contains at least 0.4% iron by weight and at least 88% silicon, retaining the highly ordered nanoscale porous structure of natural diatomaceous earth shells. The preparation method involves culturing diatoms in G11 medium supplemented with sodium silicate nonahydrate and ferrous sulfate heptahydrate, followed by extraction via hydrogen peroxide oxidation, acid washing, and high-temperature calcination. This invention further utilizes the reaction of this iron-containing diatomaceous earth shell with tannic acid in a buffer system at pH 7.0-8.0, achieving efficient loading of tannic acid through the coordination of iron ions with tannic acid and physical adsorption. This invention features a simple process, low cost, and environmental friendliness. The prepared composite material significantly improves the chemical stability and bioavailability of tannic acid, showing broad application prospects in biomaterials fields such as drug delivery, antibacterial applications, and tissue engineering.

The invention relates to the field of bioengineering and environmental engineering, and discloses a multi-mode diatom bioreactor and an application method.The multi-mode diatom bioreactor comprises a reactor body, a carbon dioxide gas cylinder, a constant-temperature water bath, a magnetic stirrer, a main controller, an acid-base adjusting mechanism and a filtering membrane; the reactor can be switched to operate among a photoautotrophic mode, a dark biological ore control mode and a chemical permeation energy utilization mode. The problems that an existing reactor is high in energy consumption and cost and single in application scene and function can be solved.

The invention discloses an acid-base regulation diatom-based modifier as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The acid-base regulation diatom-based modifier is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50 to 77 parts of a diatom matrix, 6 to 12 parts of modified zeolite powder, 8 to 13 parts of a pH regulator, 2 to 6 parts of a pH buffer agent, 1 to 3 parts of disodium EDTA (Ethylene Diamine Tetraacetic Acid) and 0.5 to 2 parts of a stabilizer. A specific preparation method is adopted, so that all the components synergistically exert advantages. When being applied to soil improvement, the soil conditioner can effectively regulate the soil pH value, improve the soil structure, increase the air permeability and water-retaining property, improve the soil fertility and realize sustainable improvement and utilization of the soil.

The invention discloses a method for preparing a graphene material by taking CO2 as a carbon source, which comprises the following steps: 1) separating, purifying and carbonizing a cultivated diatom colony to obtain a carbon-based precursor; loading the carbon-based precursor in a transition metal matrix to obtain a transition metal loaded carbon-based precursor; and (2) by taking the transition metal loaded carbon-based precursor as a cathode and cooperating with a conductive anode, inserting the cathode and the anode into a CO2 adsorbent, carrying out electrochemical reaction under the actions of CO2 atmosphere, high temperature and electric field to obtain a graphene crude product, and washing, carrying out suction filtration and drying to obtain the graphene material. According to the method, eutrophicated algae and captured CO2 are taken as raw materials, and an electrochemical process based on high temperature and electric field conditions is combined, so that the synergistic advantages of biological carbon sequestration and electrochemical conversion are fully exerted, the utilization efficiency of CO2 is remarkably improved, and formation of a graphene product with rich morphology and relatively large specific surface area is promoted; the related raw materials are low in cost, the process is simple, and a green material synthesis path with low energy consumption and high atom economy is constructed.

This invention discloses a method for extracting and applying biomass-based surfactants for dispersing oil spills, comprising the following steps: Step 1, diatom cultivation: *Phaeodactylum tricornutum* is inoculated into artificial seawater with a salinity of 30‰, F / 2 nutrient solution is added, and it is cultured in a constant temperature and light incubator to obtain *Phaeodactylum tricornutum* in a stable concentration phase; Step 2, freeze-thaw-ultrasonic disruption: The *Phaeodactylum tricornutum* obtained in Step 1 is frozen in a refrigerator, then thawed in a water bath, and the freeze-thaw cycle is repeated 1-3 times to rupture the diatom cells, obtaining freeze-thawed diatoms. These are then disrupted using an ultrasonic disruptor to obtain diatoms containing biomass-based surfactants. This technical solution utilizes a combination of ultrasonic disruption and freeze-thaw treatment to efficiently destroy the diatom cell wall and improve the extraction efficiency of surfactant biomass.

This invention discloses a multifunctional composite hemostatic sponge loaded with diatomaceous earth biomineralized silica and abalone shell, and its preparation method. The composite sponge uses chitosan and polyvinyl alcohol as the main hemostatic sponge matrix, glucono-delta-lactone and glycerol as crosslinking agents, and then adds diatomaceous earth biomineralized silica and abalone shell powder to obtain the composite hemostatic sponge. The addition of glucono-delta-lactone and glycerol enhances the mechanical properties of the hemostatic sponge; the diatomaceous earth biomineralized silica has a hierarchical porous structure, exhibiting strong liquid absorption capacity, while the nano-sized abalone shell powder is rich in Ca. 2+ Ions can initiate a coagulation cascade reaction, and the various amino acids and peptides contained in the organic matter of nano-abalone shell powder have a synergistic effect, jointly achieving rapid hemostasis and promoting subsequent recovery. Furthermore, when absorbing fluid, the hemostatic sponge forms a hydrocolloid inside, creating a slightly moist environment around the wound, which is conducive to wound healing.