The invention relates to a method for extracting, separating and purifying four main anthocyanins from the blackcurrant residue. The object is to provide a simple, economic, green, eco-friendly, and high-yield method for extracting, separating and purifying four main high-purity anthocyanins from the blackcurrant residue. According to the method, the blackcurrant waste residue produced from industrial production is taken as a raw material, and homogenized pulverized coupling enzyme hydrolysis technology, negative-pressure cavitation reinforced extraction technology, macroporous adsorption resin concentration technology, medium-pressure quick-flash reverse chromatographic separation technology and low-temperature crystallization and recrystallization technology are adopted to obtain four anthocyanin monomer ingredients including delphinidin 3-O-glucoside, delphinidin 3-O-rutinoside, cyanidin 3-O-glucoside, and cyanidin 3-O-rutinoside and having the purity reach 95%. The method is abundant and available in raw materials, short in time consumption, less in solvent consumption, high in purity of obtained anthocyanins, low in production cost, and suitable for massive industrial production.