78 results about "Free diffusion" patented technology

The invention provides a method for simultaneously producing hydrogen peroxide and hydrogen through an autonomous oxygen supply double-cathode device. The device used by the method is provided with two cathodes and one shared anode, that is, the oxygen reduction cathode, the hydrogen evolution cathode and the oxygen evolution anode. In the autonomous oxygen supply double-cathode device, oxygen produced by the shared anode is freely diffused to the oxygen reduction cathode, and the hydrogen peroxide is generated on the surface of a catalyst layer of the oxygen reduction cathode in a in-situ reduction mode; and the hydrogen produced by the hydrogen evolution cathode is freely diffused out of a solution system and collected. Compared with a traditional method for producing hydrogen peroxide through oxygen reduction, the method does not need to additionally supply oxygen to the oxygen reduction cathode, and the other product hydrogen is also produced. Compared with a traditional sulfuric acid electrolysis method for preparing hydrogen peroxide and hydrogen, the method can further produce the two kinds of products and does not need the strong acid environment or the re-hydrolysis step.

The invention discloses a multi-chamber sprayer with temperature controller, providing a device which is used along with the free base source in order to supply the free base during the semiconductor processing operation. The vice comprises a pile of plates and parts which form the panel assembly. The panel assembly comprises free base diffusion, a precursor transmission plate and an heat insulation device which is inserted between the free radical diffusion plate. The panel assembly possesses free through holes forming patterns. The free radical through holes has central lines which are substantially perpendicular to the free radical. The heat insulation device can regulate the heat flow between the free diffusion plate and the precursor transmission plate.

One embodiment of the present invention is a diffusion continuous batch cell-free protein-synthesis method characterized simultaneously by continuously supplying substrate and energy source molecules in the supply phase to the reaction phase by the free diffusion via interface between both phases and by transferring by-products formed in the reaction phase by enhancing the efficiency of the synthesis reaction by prolonging the reaction lifetime by directly contacting a synthesis reaction mixture (reaction phase) containing a biological extract with a substrate- and energy source-supplying solution (supply phase) without using barrier such as semi-permeable membrane or ultrafiltration membrane in a general cell-free protein-synthesis reaction means. Another embodiment of the present invention is a dilution batch cell-free protein synthesis method characterized by enhancing the efficiency of the protein synthesis by prolonging the reaction lifetime by adding a diluting solution to the reaction mixture after pre-incubating the reaction mixture in a cell-free protein-synthesis reaction means using a wheat-embryo extract. Another embodiment of the present invention is a method characterized by enhancing the efficiency of the synthesis reaction simultaneously by re-supplying substrate and energy sources necessary for the protein synthesis (e.g., amino acids, ATP, GTP, creatine phosphate) to the reaction mixture using a gel filtration column and / or semipermeable membrane and by discontinuously removing by-products formed during the reaction after the synthesis reaction stops in the batch cell-free protein synthesis method.

A synchronization acquisition method of active phosphorus and iron in a deposit is disclosed; the principle of diffusive gradients in thin films (DGT) can be used, a fixing film and a diffusion film which are capable of performing phosphorus and iron synchronous enrichment are combined into a DGT acquisition device, the DGT acquisition device is put into the deposit for 2-6 days, active phosphorus and iron ions in the deposit pass through the diffusion film in a way of free diffusion, and then are acquired by the fixing film; after the DGT acquisition device is taken out, accumulation contents of phosphorus and iron on the fixing film can be respectively analyzed by use of a slicing-two step extraction-micro amount colorimetric method, and contents of the active phosphorus and iron in the deposit can be calculated by use of the Fick's first law of diffusion.

A two-dimensional high-resolution method for determination of distribution of active phosphorus in wetland soil and a deposit is as follows: an improved ZrO2 phosphorus fixation film is assembled into a DGT (diffusive gradients in thin films) device, and then is put into the wetland soil or a deposit, and the active phosphorus penetrates a filter film in a manner of free diffusion, and immediately is synchronously captured by a phosphorus fixation film; the phosphorus fixation film is put in hot water of 85 DEG C for heat treatment for 5 days, then a colorant is put in for coloring, a scanner is used for two-dimensional high-resolution scanning of the colored film, ImageJ software is used for converting an image obtained by the scanning into gray scale, according to an established phosphorus accumulation amount and surface gray scale calibration curve of the phosphorus fixation film, the obtained gray scale is converted into phosphorus accumulation amount, the content of the active phosphorus in corresponding positions of the wetland soil or deposit sections can be calculated by use of Fick's first law of diffusion.

The invention relates to a sewage treatment unit and method using bioelectrochemistry to aid membrane bioreactor. Graphite filler is used as an anode which is connected with an external circuit through a graphite bar. A membrane separating component in a cathode chamber serves as an MBR membrane separating component and an MFC cathode. A conductive graphite bar which is connected with the external circuit is embedded on the membrane separating component. The cathode chamber and a anode chamber are separated through a separating membrane, so that dissolved oxygen is effectively prevented from diffusing to the anode chamber, and proton free diffusion is allowed. When organic sewage enters from the anode chamber, the anode chamber is oxidized by electrogenesis microorganisms to generate electron and proton under anaerobic conditions, the electron is transmitted to the graphite filler electrode through the microorganisms and then to the cathode through the circuit, and the proton passes the separating membrane to enter the cathode chamber under potential difference and diffusion effects of the cathode chamber and the anode chamber and reacts with oxygen and electron transmitted by the external circuit to generate water and form an internal circuit. The sewage entering the cathode chamber through a communication pipe is pumped and discharged through the membrane separating component.

A method for measuring cytoplasm viscosity based on quantum dot three-dimensional tracing is disclosed. The method includes firstly introducing quantum dots into cells through a lipid Lipo-2000 transfection manner to achieve cell labeling; subjecting the single and recognizable quantum dots dispersed in the cells to three dimensional positioning and tracing by adopting an optical modulating mannerthrough a build quantum dot three-dimensional imaging system; further solving mean square displacement values MSDs which are motion parameters of the quantum dots by utilizing three-dimensional motion information; selecting quantum dots meeting free diffusion characteristics according to mathematical characteristics of the MSDs; finally solving diffusion coefficient D of the quantum dots in cytoplasm according to the MSD values for all the quantum dots meeting free diffusion characteristics; and further acquiring the cytoplasm viscosity according to a Stokes-Einstein equation. In a state thatcells survive, the cytoplasm viscosity can be accurately acquired by the method, visual three-dimensional motion information of molecules in cytoplasm can be obtained, and technical bases for researching intracellular material transportation, signal transmission, metabolism, differentiation, and the like are provided.

The invention discloses a hybrid material based on a macrocyclic compound photosensitive dye and titanium dioxide and a preparation method thereof, and application of the hybrid material to photocatalysis. The hybrid material comprises the macrocyclic compound photosensitive dye and titanium dioxide, wherein the macrocyclic compound photosensitive dye is a calixarene compound or porphyrin compound. The invention also discloses the preparation method for the hybrid material based on the macrocyclic compound photosensitive dye and titanium dioxide, and application of the hybrid material to photocatalysis. The organic-inorganic hybrid material prepared from the macrocyclic compound photosensitive dye and titanium dioxide has a hierarchical porous structure, and can improve the free diffusionof gas and surface adsorption of CO2, increase the adsorption quantity and activation degree of reactants, reduce the possibility of electron-hole recombination and effectively enhance photocatalysisefficiency. Moreover, the hybrid material of the invention has high stability and is improved in cyclic utilization stability in photocatalysis.

The invention discloses hollow porous cube nanometer nickel sulfide and a preparing method thereof. The material is of a hollow cube structure, has a coarse and porous surface and is formed by accumulating particles. In the method, with PBA as the precursor, the NiS of the hollow porous cube structure is prepared. The method is simple, easy to operate, short in reaction cycle and friendly to the environment. The synthesized nickel sulfide material is uniform in particle size, unified in morphology and stable and reliable in performance. Due to the hollow porous structure of the NiS, hydrogen peroxide is freely dispersed among the NiS nanoparticles; due to the huge specific surface area, hydrogen peroxide can be better adsorbed to the surface of the NiS for an electrocatalytic oxidation reaction.

The invention discloses a method for preparing a highly-uniform synthetic quartz glass weight. Preparing is conducted through a vertical depositing furnace based on chemical vapor deposition, raw materials are led into a combustor and chemically reacted in the depositing furnace, silicon dioxide particles are formed, the depositing foundation of the quartz glass weight is a concave depositing pool formed by a bottom face and a side wall, the silicon dioxide particles formed based on chemical vapor synthesis are melted and freely scattered and deposited in the depositing pool, and the temperature gradient of the depositing face is lower than 20 DEG C. According to the method for preparing the highly-uniform synthetic quartz glass weight, the distributing consistency of quartz glass weight components is improved, and the quartz glass weight uniform in radial and axial structure is produced.

The invention discloses a chitin / carbon nanotube composite adsorbent for blood perfusion and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps of: by taking a natural macromolecular material chitin as a carrier, under a low-temperature stirring condition, performing freezing-unfreezing circulation so as to combine the chitin dissolved in an alkali / urea water solvent system with carbon nanotubes and form a uniform chitin / carbon nanotube composite solution, performing emulsification and thermal induction self-assembling process, thereby forming chitin / carbon nanotube composite nano fiber microspheres. The prepared microspheres have through hole canals applicable to free diffusion of bilirubin, have a good adsorption effect on combined bilirubin, and moreover are excellent in biocompatibility and blood compatibility. The composite nano fiber microspheres can be also fixed with an effective amount of high-activity ligand through covalent bonds, and the cleaning property and biocompatibility of the bilirubin of the microspheres can be further improved.

Provided in the invention is a sand-blasting-free diffusion nickel plating technology of a rectification monocrystalline silicon wafer. According to the invention, the oxidation technology, the electrolysis technology, and the ultra sand coarsening technology technology are used for replacing the traditional sand blasting technology. The provided technology has advantages of energy conservation and power consumption reduction, good noise-free and dust-free properties, low production cost, and high product quality and the like and thus is the preferred one for technical transformation of the ectification monocrystalline silicon wafer diffusion nickel plating enterprise.

The invention provides a device and method for manually catalyzing rainfall and snowfall. The device comprises a measuring and control system and an electric catalytic device, the electric catalytic device generates corona discharge through an emission electrode, a great amount of plasmas are generated around the electric catalytic device, a great amount of charges and anions are emitted, the charges and the anions are transmitted to high-altitude clouds under actions of updraft and free diffusion, the micro physics process in the clouds is further influenced, and rainfall or snowfall is generated. According to the device and method for manually catalyzing rainfall and snowfall, the influences of cloud system operation conditions on artificial influence to weather are reduced, operation conditions and demands are softened, and rainfall amount or snowfall amount is increased.

The invention discloses a shale gas diffusion capability detection method, device and system and belongs to the field of shale gas exploitation. The method comprises acquiring shale sample data, when shale gas in a shale sample in an adsorption balance state freely diffuses, regularly acquiring an accumulative diffused gas amount of the shale gas in free diffusion to obtain diffusion data and calculating a shale gas diffusion coefficient and a shale gas flow coefficient according to the diffusion data and a first formula. Through adsorption effects of shale gas in a shale sample, the shale gas can freely diffuse in the shale sample and satisfies the real flow cases of a shale matrix block. Through the shale gas diffusion coefficient or the shale gas flow coefficient obtained through the diffusion data and the first formula, a shale gas diffusion capability is evaluated. The method can produce the accurate evaluation result and effectively show a shale gas flow capability in the shale sample.

A coating system for a superalloy substrate is provided. The coating system has an inner coating layer, an intermediate coating layer and an outer coating layer. The inner coating layer is an aluminide layer, the intermediate coating layer is a diffusion layer including Cr, Al, Ni and Co, where the Cr-content is between 15% by weight and 30% by weight, and the outer coating layer is a Cr-free diffusion layer including Al and Ni, where the Al-content is between 15% by weight and 30% by weight.

The invention discloses an analysis and detection method for high purity indium. The analysis and detection method includes the steps that ammonia water is prepared into ultra-pure ammonia water with the free diffusion method; nitric acid is prepared into ultra-pure nitric acid with the sub-boiling distillation method; high purity indium with the grade of 6N or above is dissolved with the ultra-pure nitric acid, then nitrogen oxide is removed through heating, the product is cooled, diluted with water and heated, the ultra-pure ammonia water is added dropwise, stirring and reacting are carried out, the pH value of 2 to 10 of the system serves as the reaction endpoint, and standing clarifying or centrifugal separation is carried out; supernatant liquid is taken, volatilized and concentrated, then the concentrated product is dissolved with the ultra-pure nitric acid, internal standard substances are added, constant volume is achieved, and to-be-detected liquid is obtained; According to ICP-MS measurement, the method is easy to operate, high in sensitivity, good in accuracy and specially suitable for detection of the purity of the high purity indium with the grade of 6N or above.

The invention discloses a coal biological flora migration simulation experiment set and method. The set comprises a coal bed biology aerogenesis system, a strain migration and observation system and an experiment control and record system, wherein the coal bed biology aerogenesis system and the strain migration and observation system are a first box and a second box which are connected through a coaling pipe, and migration and observation can only be conducted on one coal sample during each time of work. Due to the fact that the initial liquid level of the first box is identical with that of the second box and gas generated after coal reacts with microorganisms can be discharged in time, flora diffusion is not affected by external force basically, and it is guaranteed that microorganisms are freely diffused through preset coal samples. By testing the indexes including identification of flora contained in liquid on the two sides of the unique microorganism migration channel, namely the coaling pipe, gas production rate, pH and Eh, the migration and diffusion rules of biological flora in different coal reservoirs are researched.

The invention belongs to the field of volume measurement of irregular inflatable envelope such as an airship envelope, and relates to a method for measuring airship airbag volume based on gas concentration change. The method for measuring the airship airbag volume based on the gas concentration change comprises the following steps of: detecting a gas volume concentration A1 (ppm), a temperature T1(DEG C), and a pressure p1 (Pa) of initial test gas in the airbag; charging the test gas into the airbag, and detecting a gas volume concentration A2 (ppm), a temperature T2 (DEG C), and a pressure p2 (Pa) of the test gas in the airbag; and a calculation formula of envelope volume as follows: V=22.4(delta)m / M{A2(273 / 273+T2)(P2 / 101325)-A1(273 / 273+T1)(P1 / 101325)}. The method for measuring the airship airbag volume based on the gas concentration change disclosed by the invention is easy to detect, can measure the airbag with any shape and any wrinkle due to free diffusion property of the gas, and even if a small amount of the test gas is added, the airship state is not affected.

The invention relates to a method for inhibiting the hole blocking effect of a vacuum filter using a near uniform strong magnetic field. The method is used for solving the problem of existing traditional vacuum filter that complete filtering is unavailable since the free-diffusion metal plasma generated by the focal spot wing (hereinafter called 'skirt') after focusing of high-power pulse laser acting on the edge of a filtering component (hereinafter called 'small hole') hinders the passage of the back edge of the laser pulse. In the invention, based on traditional vacuum filter, a near uniform strong magnetic field with certain magnitude is applied to the small hole, the metal plasma generated on the edge of the small hole by the focusing skirt of the high-power pulse laser moves in the direction of magnetic induction line, thus the plasma density at the center of the small hole is reduced, the hole blocking effect of traditional vacuum filter is effectively solved, and a good filtering effect of traditional vacuum filter is realized. The method provided by the invention has the characteristics of convenience in adjustment, simplicity and high efficiency, high practicability and the like.

A transdermal delivery device to passively deliver active agents to a biological interface includes an active agent reservoir comprising a first active agent of a first polarity; an outer active agent membrane taking the form of an ion-exchange membrane of a second polarity, an interfacial layer having a plurality of freely diffusible monovalent co-ions of the first polarity and having a first side adjacent to the outer active agent membrane and a second side configured to contact a biological interface.

The invention provides a high-precision and interval-controllable electrode and a preparing method of high-precision and interval-controllable electrodes. The method comprises the steps that firstly, a substrate is designed and prepared, wherein high surface energy regions and lower surface energy regions are alternately arranged on the substrate; the high surface energy regions are fully paved with a solution or emulsion including conductive fillers; then, evaporation diffusion is conducted, along with the volatilization of the solvent, the freely-diffused conductive fillers are gathered and arranged on the boundary regions, adjacent to the low surface energy regions, of the high surface energy regions, the lower surface energy regions serve as dams and are used for controlling the further diffusion of liquid drops, the diffused and arranged conductive fillers are solidified through heating or photon sintering and then form interval-controllable high-precision electrodes, and the intervals of the electrodes are controlled by the width of the high surface energy regions. The high-precision and interval-controllable electrode prepared through the method has important application on the aspect of preparing high-precision electrodes of devices such as transparent conductive films, high-end sensors, transistors, storage devices and capacitors.

The invention discloses a method and device for measuring the emanation medium radon exhalation rate in an open-loop mode. According to the method, the measurement of the radon exhalation rate is carried out by using the device. The device comprises a radon measuring instrument and a test column used for containing a to-be-tested emanation medium, a gas collecting cover is arranged above the testcolumn, the gas inlet of the radon measuring instrument is communicated with the gas collecting cover through an air pipe, the gas outlet of the radon measuring instrument is communicated with an external environment, a hole communicated with the external environment is formed in the upper surface of the gas collecting cover, a gas pressure equalizing chamber is arranged below the test column, thegas pressure equalizing chamber is connected with a gas pump through the gas pipe, and a flow regulator is arranged on the gas pipe between the gas pressure equalizing chamber and the gas pump. The method has the advantages that the free diffusion of the radon on the surface of the medium is considered, and the influence of the seepage effect is also considered. In addition, the device can accurately measure the radon exhalation rate of the surface of the medium in a short time.

The invention discloses a hybrid material on the basis of photosensitive metal-organic coordination nanometer cages and titanium dioxide, a method for preparing the hybrid material and application thereof. The hybrid material on the basis of the photosensitive metal-organic coordination nanometer cages and the titanium dioxide comprises the photosensitive metal-organic coordination nanometer cagesand the titanium dioxide. The hybrid material can be applied to photocatalysis. The hybrid material, the method and the application have the advantages that the organic-inorganic hybrid material madeof the photosensitive metal-organic coordination nanometer cages and the titanium dioxide is of a hierarchical porous structure, accordingly, free gas diffusion and CO2 surface adsorption can be improved, the adsorption quantities of reactants can be increased, the activation level of the reactants can be upgraded, the electron-hole pair composition probability further can be lowered, and the photocatalytic efficiency can be effectively enhanced.

In an apparatus in which an electrode pair formed of two electrodes including multiple mutually parallel linear electrode pieces is provided in a container for storing particles dispersed movably in a medium to form an spatially regularly arranged electric field, the particles are migrated in the container due to the formation of the electric field by the application of a voltage to the electrode pair to generate a diffraction grating resulting from density distribution of the particles, diffracted light obtained by applying light to the diffraction grating is measured, and a particle size analysis or the like is performed from the temporal change in the diffracted light in the free diffusion process of the particles by stoppage or modulation of the application of the voltage, by making width L of the electrode pieces of the electrode pair and a space distance S between the electrode pieces as follows:L / (L+S)≦0.3, steep attenuation of the diffracted light intensity is not generated at the initial stage of the diffusion of the particles to accurately measure the particle size distribution.

Provided is a dust-free diffusion plate for a liquid crystal display (LCD) manufactured by coating and drying a conductive material to a thickness of no more than 2D on a surface of the diffusion plate to prevent degradation of image quality due to dust build-up on the diffusion plate.

The invention discloses a method and a device for detecting ultrasonic flow by the time-difference method. The method includes: enabling to-be-tested gases to be freely spread into a static speed pipe when the to-be-tested gases flow through a pipe section of a measuring pipe provided with an ultrasonic transducer group, the static speed pipe is provided with ultrasonic transducers used for emitting and receiving ultrasonic waves into the static speed pipe, sonic path distance of the ultrasonic waves spreading in the static speed pipe can be obtained according to arrangement of the ultrasonic transducers on the static speed pipe, actual spreading time of the ultrasonic waves in the sonic path distance can be obtained by emitting and receiving the ultrasonic waves by the ultrasonic transducers in the static speed pipe, the spreading speed Cf of the ultrasonic waves can be obtained by dividing the actual spreading time of the ultrasonic waves in the static speed pipe by the sonic path distance, flow speed of the to-be-tested gases in the measuring pipe can be obtained by substituting the obtained spreading speed Cf of the ultrasonic waves into a calculation equation, and the flow of the to-be-tested gases can be obtained. By the method and the device for detecting the ultrasonic flow by the time-difference method, online detection of the spreading speed of the ultrasonic waves can be realized, and measuring accuracy can be improved.

The invention discloses a method for performing graphene material size separation by utilizing multilayer dialysis. The method comprises the following steps: 1) dispersing a graphene material into a solvent to obtain graphene material dispersion; 2) semi-fixing screens with different pore sizes in a container in a layered manner according to the size; 3) filling the solvent with the container andgaps among the various screen layers, adding the graphene material dispersion onto the screen with the maximum pore size positioned on the uppermost side, performing dialysis, performing free diffusion on the graphene material along with time, and realizing continuous size grading of the graphene material by utilizing a concentration difference dialysis principle, wherein the graphene material canbe divided into multiple grades in one step according to the size by utilizing the multiple layers of the screens of different pore sizes; obtaining the graphene material dispersion of different sizeranges after dialysis completion. The method disclosed by the invention has continuity, can realize multi-stage size separation in one step, is simple, effective, cheap and environmental-friendly, and can realize large-scale application.

The invention relates to an anti-oxidation repair mask and a preparation method thereof and belongs to the technical field of cosmetics. Through the high-efficiency antibacterial property of oxidizedsodium alginate, bacteria are killed, a suitable environment is provided for new cells, the production of new collagen elastin and collagen is promoted, cell growth is promoted, the repair of inflammatory aging skin is realized, a protective film is formed on the surface of the cell to reduce the evaporation of moisture on the surface of the skin, water is freely diffused to the stratum corneum, the functions of effectively moisturizing the skin and protecting the cell membrane are obtained, a protective film is formed in the extracellular matrix and the evaporation of water on the skin surface is reduced so that the effect of moisturizing and moistening the skin is obtained. Under strong ultraviolet rays, a special protective film is formed on the cell surface to prevent sunburn, reduce melanin precipitation, effectively prevent aging, relieve local inflammatory reaction of facial hormone-dependent dermatitis and improve facial discomfort so that the facial skin barrier function of the patient is slowly recovered.

This invention discloses WDM (wave division multiplex) components of low harass plain top of the optimize input terminal containing waveguide free diffusion zone, etched concave grating and output waveguide array. The end of the input waveguide is connected with curvilinear multi-module interference components with pre-spreading input. This invention has the following advantages: 1. The conical waveguide of the pre-spreading input can pre-spread the mode field of the input waveguide to change the plainness spectrum to a very steep dro pedge, so as to reduce the harass effectively. 2. The realization of plainness of the multi-mode interference zone is according to the self imaging principle to generate a mode field exciting and form multi-mode interfernece by input of the pre-spreading input waveguide to get two images at a certain distance at the output at last.