The invention discloses an insecticidal composition containing an organophosphorus compound. In an insecticidal composition containing an active ingredient A and an active ingredient B, the active ingredient A is selected from lythidathion; the active ingredient B is any one selected from the following compounds: chlorpyrifos, profenofos, triazophos, malathion and phoxim; and the weight ratio of the active ingredient A to the active ingredient B is 1:80-80:1. By using the composition disclosed by the invention, multiple pests can be controlled; obvious synergistic action is obtained; the insecticidal spectrum is expanded; higher activities are obtained for grubs, mole crickets, heterodera, cotton bollworms, pink bollworms, rice planthoppers, Cnaphalocrocis medinalis, striped rice borers, rice water weevils, beet armyworms, aphids, armyworms, budworms and the like on vegetables, rice, cottons, corns, wheat, fruit trees and soybeans; the pesticide usage is reduced; the residual quantity of the pesticide on the crops is reduced; and the environment pollution is reduced; and the insecticidal composition containing the organophosphorus compound, disclosed by the invention, is safe for people and livestock, shows excellent environment compatibility and is not easy for the pests to generate resistance.