150 results about "Optical microcavity" patented technology

The invention discloses a full-locking integrated microcavity optical comb based on coherent population trapping spectral lines, and belongs to the technical field of integrated microcavity optical combs. The full-locking integrated micro-cavity optical comb comprises a laser generation module, a frequency reference subsystem and a micro-cavity optical comb system. The laser generation module is used for generating two paths of laser, the frequency reference subsystem modulates one path of laser, a modulated optical signal is emitted into the atomic gas chamber system, and after transmission light is demodulated and subjected to phase-locked amplification processing, an optical frequency signal and a microwave signal which are locked to an atomic spectral line are obtained; and the optical frequency signal is fed back to the laser generating module to realize optical frequency locking. And the microcavity optical comb system adopts a microwave signal generated by the frequency reference subsystem as a frequency reference, and modulates the other path of laser to serve as pump light to enter the optical microcavity, so that optical comb output of a soliton state in the optical microcavity is realized. According to the invention, a single quantum system is taken as a reference, the problem of full locking of the micro-cavity optical frequency comb is effectively solved, and the system integration degree is relatively high.

Methods for detecting diffusing particles are provided which comprise introducing a sample comprising a diffusing particle to an optical microcavity; coupling probe light into the optical microcavity such that the probe light is in resonance with the optical microcavity, wherein the diffusing particle diffuses into an optical mode volume defined by the coupled probe light; and detecting output light from the optical microcavity as a function of time while maintaining resonance, wherein the diffusing particle generates a change the detected output light. Systems for carrying out the methods are also provided.

The invention discloses an organic light-emitting device and a light-emitting device, one side of the organic light-emitting device close to an anode is provided with two hole transport layers which are arranged according to a high-low refractive index relationship, the material of the first hole transport layer is as shown in a formula 1, and the material of the second hole transport layer is as shown in a formula 2. According to the organic light-emitting device and the light-emitting device, through matching optimization of device film layer materials and structural combination of film layers with different refractive indexes, the stability of the materials and transmission of current carriers are guaranteed, meanwhile, light field distribution is improved through optimization of an optical microcavity structure, the photon extraction efficiency of the device is improved, and the light-emitting efficiency of the device is improved. The ineffective loss of photon energy in the organic layer is reduced, so that the performance of the organic light-emitting device and the light-emitting device comprising the organic light-emitting device is improved in the aspects of light-emitting efficiency, starting voltage, light-emitting service life and the like. Formula 1 and Formula 2.

The invention relates to the technical field of electroluminescence, and discloses a laminated organic light-emitting device and application thereof, and the laminated organic light-emitting device comprises an anode layer, a first light-emitting unit, an electron transport layer, an interface modification layer, a connection layer, a second light-emitting unit and a cathode layer which are sequentially arranged from bottom to top; the electron transport layer comprises a hole blocking layer and an n-type electron transport layer; wherein the n-type electron transport layer is composed of an n-type dopant and an organic electron transport material, has the functions of electron transport, charge separation and injection and regulation and control of the optical microcavity effect of the laminated device, can simplify the electron transport and connection layer structure of the laminated device, and effectively improves the conductivity of the laminated device; according to the laminated organic light-emitting device, the voltage drop of the body is obviously reduced, and the interface electron injection barrier is reduced, so that the laminated organic light-emitting device has the advantages of low driving voltage, high efficiency and long service life, and the effect of adjusting the optical microcavity of the device can be achieved by utilizing the n-type electron transport layer.

A continuous-wave perovskite polariton laser device, including an optical microcavity, a spacer layer, and a gain medium. The gain medium is a perovskite material or a composite material containing perovskite, in a form of thin film, microcrystal, phosphor, nanocrystal, quantum dot, or single crystal. The perovskite gain medium is prepared by solution process or vacuum deposition technique, and is combined with an optical resonator. By exploiting the strong interaction between excitons and photons, a steady-state exciton-polariton condensation is formed, enabling the generation of continuous-wave polariton laser emission with a low threshold. The laser device can achieve low-threshold continuous-wave or pulsed lasing emission at room temperature under various light sources pumping or electrical excitation. Its threshold is 1 to 3 orders of magnitude lower than that of conventional semiconductor lasers, with an optimized threshold as low as 0.1 to 1 W / cm2, representing a novel ultralow-power coherent light source technology.

The invention provides a method and a system for realizing a weak measurement enhanced chip-level microcavity gyroscope. The method comprises the following steps of: 1, providing a coherent state input by a system by using a single-frequency laser; 2, the output of the single-frequency laser is switched between a first path and a second path through an optical switch, the laser beam is transmitted to the first path in the first half part of the period, and the laser beam is transmitted to the second path in the second half part of the period; 3, the light transmitted along the first path and the second path respectively passes through an optical resonant cavity to sense the rotation angular speed, and a weak value amplification effect is achieved by setting front and back selection states; and step 4, weak measurement enhanced output results transmitted along the first path and the second path are respectively received by a photoelectric detector, and the value of the rotation angular velocity is demodulated according to the obtained output results. According to the invention, the optical microcavity is used as a sensing unit of the gyroscope, the sensing performance of the integrated optical gyroscope is greatly enhanced through a weak measurement technology, and the whole set of system can realize chip-level integration.

The utility model discloses a quantum dot light emitting diode, a display substrate and a display device. The quantum dot light-emitting diode comprises a first electrode, a second electrode, and a quantum dot light-emitting layer, a first electron transport layer and a second electron transport layer which are arranged between the first electrode and the second electrode, wherein the first electron transport layer and the second electron transport layer are sequentially arranged on one side, close to the second electrode, of the quantum dot light-emitting layer; wherein the first electron transport layer and the second electron transport layer are made of inorganic nanoparticles, the conduction band bottom energy level of the first electron transport layer is matched with the conduction band bottom energy level of the quantum dot light-emitting layer, and the conduction band bottom energy level of the second electron transport layer is larger than the work function of the second electrode and smaller than the conduction band bottom energy level of the first electron transport layer; the carrier mobility of the second electron transport layer is greater than that of the first electron transport layer, and the second electron transport layer is configured to adjust the length of the optical microcavity between the first electrode and the second electrode.

The invention relates to a photoacoustic gas sensing probe and an optical detection system. The photoacoustic gas sensing probe comprises a ceramic packaging sleeve; a gas exchange channel is arranged on the side wall of the ceramic packaging sleeve; the single-mode optical fiber is used for transmitting incident light and receiving reflected light; the end face of one end of the single-mode optical fiber is coated to form an optical fiber end face coating layer; at least part of the single-mode optical fiber is arranged in the ceramic packaging sleeve in a nested mode, and the optical fiber end face coating layer is located in the ceramic packaging sleeve. The elastic reflecting film is used for generating deformation in response to sound pressure or a photoacoustic signal; the elastic reflecting film is arranged at one end of the ceramic packaging sleeve and is opposite to the optical fiber end face coating layer, so that an optical microcavity is formed between the optical fiber end face coating layer and the elastic reflecting film; wherein to-be-detected gas enters the optical microcavity through the gas exchange channel. According to the invention, integration and high sensitivity of gas detection and acoustic signal detection can be realized, so that the detection effect is improved.

The invention relates to the field of microcavity photonics and the technical field of control, and provides a temperature locking method and device based on an optical microcavity absorption peak position, and the method comprises the steps: employing a tunable laser to output continuous light, and obtaining a transmission spectrum power curve; manually adjusting the output wavelength of the tunable laser, and recording the wavelength interval as a rough absorption peak position when a wave band with significantly reduced transmission spectrum power is detected; automatically adjusting the output wavelength of the tunable laser, and continuously scanning in the rough wavelength interval of the absorption peak position to obtain the absorption peak position; the offset between the position of the absorption peak and the position of a target absorption peak of the optical microcavity in a natural room temperature state is calculated, and the detected position of the absorption peak is stably maintained at the position of the target absorption peak by automatically heating or refrigerating the optical microcavity. Through the method, the problems of heat conduction path delay and thermal field gradient between the microcavity and the sensor are avoided, and the response speed and precision of wavelength drift compensation are improved.

The utility model provides a display substrate and a display device. The display substrate comprises a substrate and a pixel unit. The pixel unit is located on one side of the substrate. Each pixel unit comprises a first electrode, a light-emitting functional layer and a second electrode. The first electrode is positioned on one side of the substrate; the light-emitting functional layer is located on the side, away from the substrate, of the first electrode. The second electrode is located on one side of the light-emitting functional layer away from the first electrode. The first electrode, the light-emitting functional layer and the second electrode form an optical microcavity. One pixel unit comprises a plurality of light-emitting areas, and for the plurality of light-emitting areas of the same pixel unit, the cavity length of the optical microcavity has a plurality of different values, so that the problems of brightness attenuation and color cast caused by the change of a visual angle are solved.

The invention belongs to the technical field of optical fiber sensing, and discloses a static ice pressure and temperature compensation sensor based on a double-optical-fiber annular ring-down cavity, which comprises a cavity substrate, an H-shaped base is arranged on the bottom surface of the cavity substrate, a first long groove and a second long groove are respectively formed in the upper surface and the lower surface of the H-shaped base, a first optical fiber is arranged in the first long groove, and a second optical fiber is arranged in the second long groove; the upper surface of the cavity substrate is provided with an elastic membrane used for sealing the cavity, the bottom of the elastic membrane is provided with a protrusion, the first optical fiber and the second optical fiber are provided with a first fiber bragg grating and a second fiber bragg grating respectively, the first fiber bragg grating is fixedly connected with the protrusion, and the second fiber bragg grating is fixedly connected with the protrusion. The second fiber bragg grating is fixedly connected with the second long groove; two ends of the first optical fiber and the second optical fiber are led out from two ends of the cavity substrate and then are respectively connected with an optical fiber annular ring-down cavity. According to the invention, the static ice pressure sensing precision can be improved.

This invention discloses a method for controlling photon spin-orbit coupling in an organic alloy microcavity, belonging to the field of optical microcavity technology. This invention prepares β-type Pe by doping different amounts of DCA into Pe using a volatilization method. 1‑x DCA x An organic alloy, wherein x ≤ 20 wt%, allows for the controllability of crystal color from yellow-green to orange-red. Furthermore, this organic alloy exhibits birefringence, and its application in the fabrication of optical microcavities allows for the observation of TE-TM spin-orbit coupling and Rashba-Dresselhaus spin-orbit coupling within the microcavities. This provides a novel type of microcavity for studying the interaction between light and matter in organic alloy microcavities, and the controllability of photon spin-orbit coupling within these microcavities can be achieved by adjusting the value of x.

The invention relates to the technical field of optical sensing, in particular to a displacement sensing system based on a large-taper conical optical fiber and a measuring method, and the displacement sensing system based on the large-taper conical optical fiber comprises a tunable laser and a photoelectric detector. The large-taper conical optical fiber is positioned between the tunable laser and the photoelectric detector and is used for transmitting light waves; the system further comprises a polarization controller. The cavity at one end of the optical microcavity is close to the large-taper conical optical fiber, the displacement device is connected with the other end of the optical microcavity, and the optical microcavity and the large-taper conical optical fiber are always in a critical coupling state; and the computer is respectively connected with the tunable laser and the photoelectric detector. The problems that an existing small-taper conical optical fiber is poor in stability and anti-interference capacity, and a sensing system is low in measurement sensitivity are solved, the optical microcavity and the large-taper conical optical fiber are combined, high-precision displacement measurement can be achieved, and the large-taper conical optical fiber displacement sensor is suitable for measurement occasions with the high sensitivity requirement.

The invention discloses an on-chip integrated optical frequency comb generation structure and an optical frequency comb generation method, the structure is formed by heterogeneous integration of a laser chip and an integrated optical microcavity chip, and the integrated optical microcavity chip comprises a polarization beam splitter, two ring filters, an Add-drop type microcavity and two output ports; the polarization beam splitter is used for dividing laser injected by the laser chip into a TE mode and a TM mode, and the TE mode and the TM mode have different power ratios and are injected into the two ring filters respectively. The two ring filters are respectively provided with a heating electrode for controlling the size of the passing wavelength, and the two ring filters have different diameters for transmitting different wavelengths; the Add-drop type microcavity is used for generating an optical frequency comb, and a heating electrode is arranged above the microcavity and used for controlling the resonant wavelength passing through the microcavity. The problems that an existing optical frequency comb debugging system is large and debugging is complex can be solved, the size of the microcavity optical frequency comb can be greatly reduced, and power consumption is reduced.

The invention relates to an optical microcavity underwater acoustic sensor, in particular to an ultra-sensitive underwater acoustic sensor based on a resonant cavity packaging structure and a measuring method. The sensor comprises a 1630 nm laser, a first isolator, a first polarization controller, a 1550 nm laser, a second isolator, a second polarization controller, a phase modulator, a resonant cavity packaging structure, a long pass filter, a photoelectric detector, an oscilloscope and a computer. The resonant cavity packaging structure comprises a packaging base. A groove is formed in the surface of the packaging base; two notches are formed in the groove wall of the groove; a conical optical fiber penetrates through the two notches; a crystal resonant cavity is arranged in the groove, and the crystal resonant cavity is coupled with the conical optical fiber; the groove and the two notches are jointly filled with a packaging adhesive layer, and the packaging adhesive layer wraps the conical optical fiber and the crystal resonant cavity at the same time. The problems that an existing optical microcavity underwater acoustic sensor is low in sensitivity and poor in stability are solved, and the optical microcavity underwater acoustic sensor is suitable for the fields of underwater target monitoring, seabed resource exploration, underwater acoustic communication and the like.

The embodiment of the application provides a kind of arrayed microcavity blood pressure detection system based on digital light frequency double comb, it is related to optical sensing technical field.The input end of light intensity modulator is connected with laser, waveform generator respectively, the output end of light intensity modulator, polarization controller, on-chip optical microcavity array are sequentially connected;Light intensity modulator is modulated based on electrical modulation signal to single-frequency light, and optical frequency double comb signal is obtained;Optical frequency double comb signal enters on-chip optical microcavity array after polarization controller, on-chip optical microcavity array is pasted to the position of the artery to be measured, and on-chip optical microcavity array includes multiple sensing units, each sensing unit generates an independent pulse signal, and on-chip optical microcavity array obtains sensing signal based on optical frequency double comb signal and the jump extrusion of the artery to be measured position, and signal processing mechanism obtains blood pressure value information based on sensing signal.The detection system can realize the technical effect of improving the accuracy and convenience of blood pressure measurement.

This application provides a quantum optical microcavity device modified with fluorinated organophosphonic acid and its fabrication method, relating to the fields of organic chemistry and optical engineering. The quantum optical microcavity device includes a microcavity body and a fluorinated organophosphonic acid monolayer attached to the surface of the microcavity body. A hydrophobic fluorinated organophosphonic acid monolayer is formed on the surface of the microcavity body through a chemical reaction between a mixed solution containing fluorinated organophosphonic acid molecules and the surface of the microcavity body. Since the active head groups of the fluorinated organophosphonic acid can form chemical bonds with –OH and Si–O–Si on the surface of silica through reaction, the adsorption of water molecules from the air onto the –OH and Si–O–Si on the surface of the silica microcavity body can be effectively suppressed, thus improving the Q-value stability of the whispering-gallery mode quantum optical microcavity device.

This invention relates to the field of optoelectronic materials and devices, and particularly to a method for improving the Q-value of microcavity modes based on singular points. Several identical optical microcavities are arranged near a dielectric waveguide, with each microcavity equidistant from the waveguide. Chiral modes within the microcavities are excited, and unidirectional coupling occurs between these chiral modes through the waveguide. This unidirectional coupling generates singular points of arbitrary order within the system. The order of these singular points depends only on the number of identical microcavities. Based on the distance between adjacent microcavities, the singular points in the system enhance the Q-value of all modes in the final microcavity through a cascade effect of constructive interference between the microcavities. This invention only requires increasing the number of identical microcavities to improve the Q-value of modes within the microcavities, thus enabling the application of microcavities in various scenarios.

The present invention provides a perovskite / silicon heterojunction tandem solar cell without an ITO electrode and a preparation method thereof. The anti-reflection thin film, the first electrode, the perovskite solar cell, the silicon heterojunction solar cell and the second electrode are sequentially arranged in the present invention. The anti-reflection layer provided by the present invention can reduce light reflection and increase light absorption; the first electrode provided is a metal grid silver nanowire electrode. By using the consistency of the metal grid and the good transmittance of the silver nanowires, more light can be incident and transmitted through the electrode, increasing the light absorption rate of the device. Secondly, in the perovskite solar cell, a double electron transport layer and a double hole transport layer are provided to optimize the parasitic light absorption caused by the introduction of the interface layer, improving the stability of the device. In addition, an optical microcavity structure is adopted in the silicon heterojunction solar cell. Under this structure, the solar cell can obtain a higher conversion efficiency and perform more excellently in terms of optoelectronic performance.

The present application relates to fine particle sensing technology, and particularly relates to a microcavity vibration spectrum system and method for measuring inherent vibration spectrum of fine particles. The microcavity vibration spectrum system comprises an inherent vibration excitation light path unit and a microcavity detection light path unit; the inherent vibration excitation light path unit is sequentially provided with a pulsed light source, a vibrating mirror, an objective lens and a particle to be measured; and the microcavity detection light path unit is sequentially provided with a tunable laser light source, an adjustable attenuator, a polarization controller, a coupling optical waveguide, an optical microcavity, a photodetector and an oscilloscope. The present application can realize precise measurement of sound waves caused by particle vibration of mesoscale particles and biological particles with inherent vibration frequency in the sub-megahertz-gigahertz frequency range.

A quantum dot light-emitting diode, a display substrate and a manufacturing method therefor, and a display apparatus. The quantum dot light-emitting diode comprises: a first electrode (10), a second electrode (12), and an electron transport layer (20) and a quantum dot light-emitting layer (30) which are provided between the first electrode (10) and the second electrode (12), the electron transport layer (20) being located on the side of the quantum dot light-emitting layer (30) close to the first electrode (10); the electron transport layer (20) is configured to regulate the length of an optical microcavity between the first electrode (10) and the second electrode (12). The material of the electron transport layer (20) comprises patterned inorganic nanoparticles, the patterned inorganic nanoparticles being obtained by performing a photolithography process on inorganic nanoparticles having photosensitive ligands, and, before and after illumination, the photosensitive ligands exhibiting different solubilities in a developing solution.

The present invention provides an optical micro-electromechanical structure with controllable precision modulation, comprising a suspended mass block, a plurality of suspended tethers, a photonic crystal microcavity, a suspended optical waveguide, a first connecting tether, a suspended beam, a second connecting tether, a rigid block, and a capacitor, wherein the first capacitor end of the capacitor is fixed to the suspended beam, and the second capacitor end is fixed to the rigid block. The present invention uses a capacitance modulation method to modulate the optical microcavity, which can not only calibrate the optical microcavity produced by the photolithography process so that the actual resonance wavelength of the photonic crystal microcavity is perfectly matched with the designed working wavelength, but also adjust the offset of the resonance wavelength caused by changes in the working environment, thereby improving the measurement accuracy. In the present invention, the capacitor only modulates the gap of the photonic crystal microcavity and does not affect the mechanical properties of the mass block, that is, it only modulates the optical properties, thereby avoiding modulation crosstalk. In the present invention, the optical waveguide is connected and fixed to one end of the optical microcavity, and has good optical coupling stability and overall system stability.

The invention provides an angular velocity detection system and method based on weak measurement, which can be applied to the technical field of quantum sensing and the technical field of optical gyroscopes. The system comprises a laser emitting initial light; the front selection module performs phase adjustment on two parts of light in the initial light; the first optical resonant cavity transmits the first path of light along an anticlockwise path; the second optical resonant cavity transmits the second path of light along a clockwise path; the post-selection module couples the first path light with a first part of light in the second path light to obtain first interference light; the detection module detects the first interference light to obtain first light intensity; the processor obtains a linear coefficient according to the preset phase, the initial light intensity of the initial light and the transmission coefficient; according to the first light intensity, the linear coefficient and the preset phase, the rotation angular velocity is obtained, the optical microcavity serves as a sensing unit of the gyroscope, the sensing performance of the integrated optical gyroscope is enhanced through the weak measurement technology, and the detection precision of the rotation angular velocity is improved.

There is provided a method for detecting diffusion particles, comprising introducing a sample comprising diffusion particles into an optical microcavity; coupling the probe light into the optical microcavity such that the probe light resonates with the optical microcavity, wherein the diffusion particles diffuse into an optical mode volume defined by the coupled probe light; and detecting the output light from the optical microcavity as a function of time while maintaining the resonance, wherein the diffusion particles produce a change in the detected output light. A system for performing the method is also provided.

Provided in the present invention is an all-optical nonlinear activator based on dual-light-beam cavity field modulation, which can be applied to the technical field of optical computing. The activator comprises: an input end, an optical microcavity and an output end, wherein the input end is used for providing an input light beam; the optical microcavity is used for generating resonance, so as to excite and enhance an optical nonlinear effect; and the output end is used for outputting a nonlinearly modulated optical signal. Nonlinear modulation is performed on an optical field in the optical microcavity or on a transmission spectrum of the optical field in the optical microcavity by means of two coherent light beams having a phase difference, thereby forming nonlinear mapping between the light intensity of input light and the light intensity of output light, i.e., an all‑optical self-modulation process. An effective nonlinear operator is provided for all-optical computing, thereby accelerating the convergence of network training and inference, and improving the recognition accuracy of a model in different applications. Further provided in the present invention is an implementation method for the all-optical nonlinear activator based on dual-light-beam cavity field modulation.

The invention provides a dual-band narrow-band photoelectric detector with adjustable bias polarity and a preparation method thereof. The device adopts a multi-layer stacking design, and comprises a transparent substrate, a bottom electrode, a near-infrared active layer, a middle transmission layer, a visible light active layer and an optical microcavity layer integrated with a top electrode from bottom to top. And the active layer is a bulk heterojunction formed by an organic polymer donor and a fullerene receptor. By adjusting the polarity of the bias voltage, flexible switching of the detection wave band can be realized: the near-infrared active layer is activated under the forward bias voltage, and the near-infrared active layer works in the visible light wave band under the reverse bias voltage. The optical microcavity layer forms a narrow-band transmission peak based on the Fabry-Perot resonance effect, only photons with specific wavelengths are allowed to efficiently penetrate, other wavebands are reflected and suppressed, and therefore spectrum narrowing detection is achieved. According to the invention, electrical regulation and optical filtering are combined, so that the precision and adaptability of dual-band detection are remarkably improved.

The invention relates to an optical microcavity with an on-chip support and a packaging method thereof.The optical microcavity with the on-chip support comprises a substrate, an optical microcavity body and an on-chip fork supporting structure, the forked end of the on-chip fork supporting structure comprises two prong structures, the tail ends of the prong structures face the optical microcavity body, and the prong structures are arranged on the substrate. And the roots of the fork tooth structures are combined into a single-beam structure which is fixedly supported on the substrate. On-chip supporting in the optical microcavity packaging process can be achieved, the coupling stability is obviously higher than that of an optical microcavity sample without on-chip supporting, and the influence of curing of ultraviolet curing glue on coupling loss is greatly reduced.

This invention discloses a silicon photonic integrated package and method with a room-temperature quantum coherent control structure, comprising: a photoelectric composite interposer layer having vertical photonic vias and electrical vias; four heterogeneous waveguide structures within the photonic vias for vertical optical signal transmission; copper pillars within the electrical vias for electrical interconnection; a first microchannel on the back of the interposer layer; a quantum material heterogeneous integration module bonded to a set of copper pillars, integrating a diamond thin film containing NV color centers, and containing an optical microcavity, photonic crystal waveguide, and microlens; a room-temperature quantum control circuit bonded and interconnected to another set of copper pillars; an optical engine module, located above the control circuit and aligned and coupled to the waveguide interposer layer; and each functional layer integrated and packaged from bottom to top on a carrier board, forming a system-level package with three-dimensional electrical, optical, and thermal interconnection and room-temperature coherent quantum state manipulation capabilities. This invention solves technical challenges such as heterogeneous bonding of silicon photonics and quantum materials, thermal stress mismatch, and photoelectric crosstalk.

The ultrahigh-fineness optical fiber FPI sensor based on the cavity optical mechanical effect comprises a transmission optical fiber, an optical microcavity and a sensitive film which are connected in sequence, and the sensitive film is provided with a two-dimensional photonic crystal structure formed by periodically arranging a plurality of nanopores. And the photonic band gap of the two-dimensional photonic crystal structure covers the working wavelength of the ultra-high-fineness optical fiber FPI sensor. According to the ultra-high-fineness optical fiber FPI sensor, the Young modulus of the sensitive film is effectively reduced while the reflectivity of the sensitive film is improved. The invention further discloses a preparation method of the ultra-high-fineness optical fiber FPI sensor.

Methods and devices including implantable micro-sensors used to detect tissue-dissolved inert gas and to detect microbubble formation to avoid Caisson disease are described. The disclosed methods and devices are based on measuring the refractive index changes in hydrophobic liquids after absorbing an inert gas such as nitrogen. The changes in the refractive index are based on implementing one of an interferometry, optical microcavity resonance shift, a photonic crystal resonance, a beam deflection, a resonance tuning or detuning, an amplitude change, or an intensity change method.