The invention discloses high-water-retention slow-release seaweed fertilizer and a preparation method thereof. The high-water-retention slow-release seaweed fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: seaweed, diatomite, carboxymethyl cellulose sodium, bentonite, chitosan, bean pulp, a dispersing agent, lauryl sodium sulfate, calcium superphosphate, methylcellulose and distilled water. The preparation method comprises the following steps: S1, performing washing, air drying and crushing on the seaweed, so as to obtain seaweed particles; S2, performing mixing and enzymolysis on the seaweed particles and other mixtures, so as to obtain a mixed solution; S3, centrifuging the mixed solution, collecting supernate, and performing fermentation; S4, preparing a membranous solution; S5, applying the membranous solution, so as to obtain a flexible glue piece; S5, laying a fermentation product into the flexible glue piece, so as to obtain the high-water-retention slow-release seaweed fertilizer. The fertilizer has the advantages that seaweed fertilizer is packaged in a membranous material, the membranous material, along with washing of rainwater or irrigation water, gradually releases the seaweed fertilizer into soil, and slow release is formed, so that a sower can reduce the applying frequency of the seaweed fertilizer during sowing.