The invention discloses a method which is suitable for softening and dealing with industrial circulating cooling water by micro-basification. Nanofiltration process equipment is adopted for removing the multivalent ions such as Ca<2+>, Mg<2+>, SO4<2+>, and the like, in the water and some Na<+> ions are preserved, or the combination of cation-exchange resin weak-acid and nanofiltration is adopted for removing the multivalent ions such as Ca<2+>, Mg<2+>, SO4<2+>, and the like, in the water and some Na<+> ions are preserved; anion resin of OH-type/CO3-type/HCO3-type is adopted for removing the left superacid anions in the water, and the superacid anions are exchanged by OH<->/CO3<2->/HCO3<->, and the producing water is alkaline. The alkaline producing water reacts with the CO2 in the air to realize chemical equilibrium, and dilute solution with buffering is formed, the pH value of the circulating cooling water is adjusted to alkalescency ranging from 8.3 to 9.2, and softening and micro-basification treatment of the circulating cooling water is realized. The method of the invention can realize that various additionally added chemical agents such as antiseptic, corrosion inhibitor, scale inhibitor, water stabilizer, bactericidal algicide, and the like, are avoided for use in the circulating cooling water system, and has the technical effects of corrosion prevention, scaling prevention and microbial contamination prevention as well as comprehensive economic benefit that discharge of enriched water and chemical substance is reduced.