The invention discloses a planting method of pollution-free balsam pear, and belongs to the field of cultivation of agricultural products. The planting method is characterized by including the following steps of (1) seed selecting and seedling cultivation, wherein substrate for seedling cultivation is prepared, furrows are made, seeds are processed, and fine sowing is conducted; (2) land preparation and planting, wherein land is prepared and ridges are made, enough base fertilizer is applied, and planting is conducted in an appropriate time; (3) field managing, wherein temperature management and water and fertilizer management are conducted, supports are erected to assist in climbing, branches and leaves are trimmed, and plant diseases and insect pests are prevented; (4) timely harvesting. According to the planting method, fertilizing is balanced in the growing process of the balsam pear, ecological medicine fertilizer is used, so that the amount of the applied fertilizer is reduced; Chinese herbal liquid medicine is used for improving disease resistance of the balsam pear, so that pesticide used in the whole growing period of the balsam pear is greatly reduced, pesticide residues are reduced, and the requirement for pollution-free is met. The balsam pear planted through the method is attractive in appearance, thick in balsam pear flesh, tender in texture, slightly bitter in taste, hard in balsam pear texture, resistant to heat, storage and transport, and prominent in the commodity character.