The application relates to the technical field of catalysts, and discloses a limited type
iodine-based homogeneous immobilized catalyst as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The catalyst comprises a carrier and
iodine ions,
magnesium ions and
quaternary ammonium ions loaded on the carrier, wherein the
molar ratio of the
magnesium ions, the
quaternary ammonium ions, the
iodine ions and the carrier is 0.01-1:4-15:1-30:1. The limited type iodine-based homogeneous immobilized catalyst disclosed by the application enhances the
electrostatic interaction between iodine ions and
quaternary ammonium ions through the
molecular sieve limiting effect to construct a limited type structure. The catalyst has significantly enhanced CO2 adsorption and activation capacity, can activate an
epoxide compound, and accelerates the ring opening of the
epoxide compound. In a
cycloaddition reaction catalyzed by the catalyst under the conditions of no
solvent and no auxiliary agent, the conversion rate of
propylene oxide can reach more than 73%, and the
propylene carbonate selectivity can reach more than 85%.