The invention discloses high-strength pervious concrete suitable for sponge city construction and a preparation method, and particularly relates to the technical field of concrete materials, and the high-strength pervious concrete comprises cement, composite fibers, a composite reinforcing agent, water, a water reducing agent, a quick-setting early strength agent and aggregate. The composite fiber and the composite reinforcing agent in the formula are matched for use, so that the strength and the water permeability of the concrete can be effectively enhanced; the glass fibers, the basalt fibers and the polypropylene fibers are matched for use, so that the internal structural strength of the concrete can be further enhanced, and meanwhile, the composite fibers form a fiber network in the concrete, so that the high water permeability of the concrete can be effectively enhanced; and the nano silicon dioxide, the nano zirconium diboride powder and the nano silicon nitride in the composite reinforcing agent are matched to modify the composite fibers, so that the structural strength and the self performance of the composite fibers can be effectively enhanced, and the structural strength and the water permeability of the concrete are further improved.