The invention discloses a safety protection device for a mine and a using method, and belongs to the technical field of protection devices. The safety protection device for the mine comprises a box body, a fixing plate, a transmission assembly, a motor, a filter plate and an impeller; the fixing plate is fixedly connected in the box body; the transmission assembly is connected to the fixing plate; the motor is fixedly connected in the box body and is used for driving the transmission assembly to rotate; the filter plate is fixedly connected to one side, close to an air inlet, of the box body; the impeller is rotationally connected to the filter plate. Through the arrangement of the impeller, a water tank, a water spraying mechanism and an air outlet cover, ventilation and dust falling can be carried out in the mine, the air quality in the mine is improved, through the arrangement of a dust removal mechanism, slag dust attached to the filter plate can be scraped away, the slag dust is prevented from blocking ventilation holes of the filter plate, and through the arrangement of the transmission assembly, the safety protection device can work only through one driving source, and the production cost and the later maintenance cost are reduced.