The invention provides a coal processing method and system. The processing method at least comprises the steps of coal carbonization or coal gasification, coal tar hydrocracking, aromatics combination, light dydrocarbon aromatization, propane dehydrogenation, polypropylene preparation and the like. Main products include diesel oil, p-xylene, benzene, heavy aromatics, polypropylene and the like. The system at least comprises a coal carbonization or coal gasification device, a coal tar hydrocracking device, an aromatics combination device, a light dydrocarbon aromatization device, a propane dehydrogenation device, a polypropylene preparation device and the like. By means of the processing method and system, high additional value products such as diesel oil, gasoline blending components, aromatics and alkene can be produced, the problem that coal tar cannot be processed easily is solved, and the processing method and system with coal, oil, aromatics and alkene integrated are achieved.