The invention discloses a low carbon type litopenaeus vannamei ecological fodder and a preparation method thereof. The fodder comprises the following components: bean pulp, fish meal, flour weevil powder, chicken powder, inkfish powder, earthworm powder, fly maggot powder, silkworm chrysalis meal, shrimp head shell powder, rapeseed dregs, rice bran, wheat flour, corn flour, enteromorpha algae powder, saccharomyces cerevisiae, fish oil, soybean oil, phospholipid oil, folium mori flour, monocalcium phosphate, choline chloride, compound ore, compound vitamins, vitamin C phosphate and phytase. The fodder has scientific compatibility of medicines; the fish protein is replaced by the insect protein mainly from flour weevil, so that the dependence on the imported fish meal can be reduced, the cost is lowered and the low carbon purpose is achieved; the bioactive substances including folium mori flour, alga, and the like, are added, so that the factor interference of anti-nutrients can be reduced; the prawn can fully utilize the fodder; the growth performance of the prawn can be promoted; the emission amount of nitrogen and phosphorus can be reduced, so that the breeding environment of the prawn can be improved.