18 results about "Formic acid oxidation" patented technology

This invention relates to the field of terephthalic acid oxidation residue technology, specifically a high-efficiency treatment method for terephthalic acid oxidation residue, comprising the following steps: S1. Pretreatment; S2. Separation; S3. Evaporation and concentration; S4. Incineration; S5. Ash dissolution; S6. Filtration; S7. Sodium carbonate recovery; S8. Sodium carbonate recycling; S9. Bromine recovery and utilization; S10. Cobalt-manganese catalyst recovery; S11. Precipitate treatment; S12. Cobalt-manganese catalyst recycling. This application utilizes the waste heat or residual heat from the top of the xylene oxidation unit as a heat source to heat and concentrate the first filtrate. The acetic acid flash evaporator in the crystallizer serves as the heat source for evaporator V3 to evaporate and concentrate sodium carbonate, reducing process energy consumption and improving sodium carbonate recovery efficiency. The incineration unit heats the furnace body through external and internal incineration components, achieving efficient incineration of the material, greatly increasing the material's heating efficiency, and improving incineration efficiency and energy utilization.

The application discloses a polyformaldehyde wastewater comprehensive treatment method, which comprises the following steps: pumping polyformaldehyde wastewater to a gas-liquid mixer, introducing ozone into the gas-liquid mixer to mix with the polyformaldehyde wastewater, preheating, and then entering a fixed-bed catalytic reactor, under the action of a catalyst, the ozone oxidizes formaldehyde and methanol in the wastewater into formic acid; pumping the oxidized material liquid to a neutralization tank, adding sodium hydroxide solution into the neutralization tank, so that the sodium hydroxide reacts with the formic acid in the wastewater to generate sodium formate, pumping the neutralized material liquid to a buffer tank; sending the wastewater in the buffer tank to a two-effect evaporator to evaporate and concentrate, after heat exchange and condensation, the steam flows into a wastewater tank, the residual wastewater is pumped to a sewage treatment plant for treatment and discharge, the concentrated liquid is cooled and flows into a concentrated liquid storage tank, and the concentrated liquid can be used as a single carbon source or a raw material of a composite carbon source to be regularly loaded and sold. The application fully recycles useful components in the polyformaldehyde wastewater, by-products of 20-30% sodium formate solution products are obtained, and resource waste is avoided to the maximum extent.

The present invention discloses a supported single-atom alloy catalyst, a preparation method thereof and an application thereof, belonging to the technical field of heterogeneous catalysis. The supported single-atom alloy catalyst comprises a support, intermetallic compound nanoparticles loaded on the support, and single-atom metals dispersed on the surface of the intermetallic compound nanoparticles; the reduction potential of the single-atom metals is between those of the two metals in the intermetallic compound; the single-atom metals are atomically dispersed by displacing one of the metals on the surface of the intermetallic compound nanoparticles. The supported single-atom alloy catalyst prepared by the present invention exhibits extremely high selectivity and activity for the direct pathway of formic acid oxidation reaction as an anode catalyst for direct formic acid fuel cells.

The invention relates to a method for adsorbing sulfydryl or thiophenol molecules on the surface of a platinum catalyst to enhance electro-catalysis formic acid oxidation and methanol oxidation, in particular to a method for enhancing formic acid and methanol electro-oxidation reaction by modifying a platinum electrode with cysteamine molecules to form a platinum-cysteamine heterogeneous interface, and belongs to the technical field of catalytic energy. According to the invention, mercaptan / thiophenol molecules represented by cysteamine (CYS) are modified on the surfaces of platinum nanoparticles through chemical adsorption, so that a molecule-metal composite catalytic system with an optimized electronic structure is constructed. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, in-situ Raman spectroscopy and theoretical calculation prove that the catalytic performance of surface adsorption molecules is remarkably improved through a dual-action mechanism, on one hand, the electronic structure of platinum is regulated and controlled to reduce a reaction energy barrier, on the other hand, interface charge transfer kinetics is promoted, and the oxidation process of formic acid through a formate path is effectively optimized. The technical scheme has universality to various mercaptan / thiophenol molecular systems, and the strategy can also be used for improving the performance of methanol oxidation reaction. The invention provides a novel catalytic material system for developing efficient direct formic acid and methanol fuel cells, and has important application value in the field of clean energy conversion devices.

The application belongs to the technical field of catalysts, and provides a one-dimensional platinum-based catalyst, a preparation method and application thereof. The one-dimensional platinum-based catalyst has a nanorod structure and is a platinum-tellurium-bismuth catalyst or a bismuth-doped platinum-tellurium catalyst. The preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) in the presence of a dispersing agent, performing a hydrothermal reaction on a platinum precursor, a tellurium precursor, a bismuth precursor and ascorbic acid in an aqueous solvent to form a platinum-tellurium-bismuth ternary heterogeneous phase alloy; (2) loading the platinum-tellurium-bismuth ternary heterogeneous phase alloy on a carbon material to obtain a platinum-tellurium-bismuth catalyst; optionally, the method further comprises the following step: (3) performing acid treatment on the platinum-tellurium-bismuth catalyst obtained in step (2) to dealloy, thereby obtaining a bismuth-doped platinum-tellurium catalyst. The catalyst exhibits excellent electrocatalytic activity and stability in a formic acid oxidation reaction.

The invention provides a preparation method of a high-performance formic acid electrooxidation platinum-based catalyst, and belongs to the technical field of electrocatalysis. The micromolecule reducing agent assisted wet chemical method provided by the invention can quickly promote dissolution of a metal precursor and inhibit homogeneous nucleation of noble metal, so that a two-dimensional structure is formed, epitaxial growth of the edge of platinum metal is promoted, and the mixed-phase PtTe2 (at) Pt core-shell nanosheet catalyst is obtained. The two-dimensional structure is beneficial for the catalyst to expose more catalytic active sites, and the oxidation reaction of formic acid is accelerated. The design of the core-shell structure enhances the structural stability of the catalyst under an acidic condition. The catalytic coordination effect of different crystal phases enables the reaction path of formic acid oxidation reaction to be adjusted, so that the catalytic performance is improved. The use of the small molecule reducing agent effectively controls the diffusion and aggregation of platinum metal ions, further adjusts the number of active sites of Pt in the platinum tellurium catalyst, and significantly improves the catalytic performance of formic acid electro-oxidation reaction (FAOR).

The application provides a multi-component platinum-bismuth-based intermetallic ordered nanosheet and a preparation method and application thereof, and relates to the technical field of multi-metal alloy catalysts.The multi-component platinum-bismuth-based intermetallic ordered nanosheet provided by the application comprises platinum elements, bismuth elements and auxiliary metal elements, the auxiliary elements comprise 1-4 kinds of iridium elements, ruthenium elements, osmium elements, rhodium elements, tin elements and lead elements, and the multi-component platinum-bismuth-based intermetallic ordered nanosheet has an intermetallic ordered structure and a two-dimensional nanosheet morphology.The multi-component platinum-bismuth-based intermetallic ordered nanosheet provided by the application is structurally stable, is applied to a fuel cell as a catalyst, and has excellent electrocatalytic performance, including formic acid oxidation electrocatalytic performance and alcohol oxidation electrocatalytic performance.The application provides a preparation method of the multi-component platinum-bismuth-based intermetallic ordered nanosheet, the preparation conditions are mild and simple to operate, and problems such as catalyst agglomeration caused by high-temperature calcination to transform an ordered phase are effectively avoided.

The invention belongs to the field of multi-component platinum-based nano catalyst synthesis and fuel cell device application research, and particularly relates to a three-component platinum-bismuth rare earth alloy catalyst, a preparation method thereof and application of the three-component platinum-bismuth rare earth alloy catalyst in formic acid catalytic reaction. The preparation method of the three-component platinum-bismuth rare earth alloy catalyst comprises the following steps: ultrasonically dispersing a platinum precursor, a bismuth precursor, a rare earth element precursor and a carbon carrier uniformly in a solvent, heating and stirring until the mixture is dried by distillation, grinding, and calcining the obtained ground material in hydrogen-containing gas. The three-component platinum-bismuth rare earth alloy catalyst obtained by the method has efficient catalytic action under two catalytic conditions of formic acid oxidation reaction and membrane electrode in a direct formic acid fuel cell, and is far higher than that of a commercial platinum-carbon catalyst, especially a catalyst with a rare earth element of terbium; the catalyst shows excellent catalytic activity and stability in formic acid oxidation reaction of a direct formic acid fuel cell and in a membrane electrode, and has a wide application prospect.

The invention relates to a method for synthesizing 5-methylpyrazine-2-formic acid-4-oxide through microchannel continuous flow, and belongs to the technical field of pharmaceutical chemistry and chemical process strengthening. According to the method, 5-methylpyrazine-2-carboxylic acid and hydrogen peroxide are used as raw materials, phosphoric acid, an inorganic salt catalyst and a small amount of hydrogen peroxide stabilizer are used as a catalytic system, water is used as a solvent, a phosphoric acid-inorganic salt catalyst synergistic catalytic system is constructed, and a pH differential feeding method is adopted, so that the reaction rate, selectivity and safety are synchronously improved; the invention relates to a process technology for preparing 5-methylpyrazine-2-formic acid-4-oxide in a continuous flow microchannel reactor. The method has the advantages of mild reaction conditions, short reaction time and high raw material utilization rate, can realize effective control in the reaction process, and provides a new method for safe production of 5-methylpyrazine-2-formic acid-4-oxide.

The invention relates to the field of fuel cell nano material application, and discloses a PdCuNi medium-high entropy alloy catalyst for formic acid oxidation reaction and a preparation method thereof.The catalyst is composed of Pd, Cu and Ni, the atomic ratio of Pd to Cu to Ni is 50-55: 20-25: 20-25, the catalyst is of a three-dimensional porous nanowire structure, the average diameter of nanowires is 5-8 nm, the specific surface area (ECSA) is larger than or equal to 50 m / g, and the specific surface area (ECSA) is larger than or equal to 50 m / g. The three-dimensional porous structure catalyst prepared by a NaBH4 one-step reduction method has atomic-scale disordered arrangement, high specific surface area and optimized d-band center, and the catalytic activity (mass activity of 2.7 A / mg) and stability (10h performance retention rate of 82%) of formic acid oxidation reaction are remarkably improved. According to the PdCuNi medium-high-entropy alloy catalyst for formic acid oxidation reaction and the preparation method of the PdCuNi medium-high-entropy alloy catalyst, the power density of 153 mW / cm is achieved in a direct formic acid fuel cell, the PdCuNi medium-high-entropy alloy catalyst can be expanded to the fields of electro-catalysis hydrogen production and the like, and a new path is provided for design of an efficient palladium-based catalyst.

The present application relates to carbon supported rhodium-based ordered intermetallic compound and preparation and application as catalyst, and belongs to the technical field of liquid fuel cell. The preparation method is that carbon carrier is dispersed in a solution of rhodium salt and non-noble metal salt, or the carbon carrier is dispersed in a solution of rhodium salt, other platinum group metal salt and non-noble metal salt, and the metal salt is loaded on the carbon carrier; the dried sample is ground and subjected to two-step heat treatment at low temperature and high temperature under a reducing atmosphere to obtain carbon supported rhodium intermetallic compound. The rhodium intermetallic compound electrocatalyst reduces the overpotential of formic acid oxidation reaction, and improves the catalytic activity, which is significantly superior to the catalytic performance of single metal rhodium, and the catalyst synthesis method is simple and feasible, and is suitable for mass production.

This invention relates to the field of terephthalic acid oxidation residue technology, specifically a high-efficiency treatment method for terephthalic acid oxidation residue. The method includes the following steps: S1. Pretreatment; S2. Separation; S3. Evaporation and concentration; S4. Incineration; S5. Ash dissolution; S6. Filtration; S7. Sodium carbonate recovery; S8. Sodium carbonate recycling; S9. Bromine recovery and utilization; S10. Cobalt-manganese catalyst recovery; S11. Precipitate treatment; S12. Cobalt-manganese catalyst recycling. This application utilizes the waste heat or residual heat from the top of the xylene oxidation unit as a heat source to heat and concentrate the first filtrate. The acetic acid flash evaporator in the crystallizer serves as the heat source for evaporator V3 to evaporate and concentrate sodium carbonate, reducing process energy consumption and improving sodium carbonate recovery efficiency. Simultaneously, it achieves the conversion of organic matter in the residue into carbonates for recycling, and realizes the recovery and recycling of the cobalt-manganese-bromine catalyst in the residue.

The invention provides a hydrothermal preparation method of a hollow CuPt alloy nanocrystal. According to the method, hydrothermal carbon nanospheres formed by hydrothermal decomposition of ascorbic acid are used as templates, hydrothermal carbon in the spheres is consumed by utilizing the Kirkendall effect, the templates are synchronously removed, and the high-purity hollow CuPt alloy nanospheres are obtained through a one-step method. According to the method, a strong reducing agent is not needed, inert gas protection and high-temperature heating treatment are not needed in the whole process, the highest preparation temperature is only 120 DEG C, the energy-saving and environment-friendly characteristics are achieved, and the influence of the preparation process on the environment is remarkably reduced. Application examples show that the obtained hollow CuPt alloy nanocrystal has activity far higher than that of commercial Pt / C on an electro-catalysis formic acid oxidation reaction, and shows excellent stability.

This invention discloses a palladium-based alloy catalyst, its preparation method, and its application in formic acid fuel cells, belonging to the field of palladium catalyst electrocatalysis technology. The catalyst prepared by this invention is a ruthenium-doped two-dimensional palladium-based alloy catalyst, which has an ordered mesoporous two-dimensional nanosheet structure. In the preparation process, dodecyltriruthenium is selected as the ruthenium source. Under heating conditions, it decomposes to form CO, which acts as a structure directing agent, inducing the formation of two-dimensional nanosheets and effectively inhibiting the aggregation of metal atoms. During this process, the interaction between palladium and ruthenium metal atoms leads to the formation of ordered mesopores in the catalyst. The surface morphology of the catalyst can be flexibly controlled by controlling the amount of ruthenium metal atoms incorporated. The obtained catalyst exhibits excellent formic acid oxidation performance.

The present invention relates to the field of metal single-atom catalysts, and discloses a method for synthesizing Ir-Co heteronuclear single-atom catalysts by a one-step annealing method, comprising the following steps: S1, weighing 5g of dicyandiamide and adding it to a beaker, slowly adding 40mL of water and 4.4mL of formaldehyde, adding a certain amount of IrCl3·3H2O and different amounts of Co(NO3)2·6H2O, transferring the beaker to an oil bath and heating it to 80°C, stirring for 24h, and then placing it in a 60°C oven to dry. After the sample is completely dried, it is calcined at 900°C for 2h in a tube furnace under an N2 atmosphere, and the black block product is fully ground to obtain Ir-Co heteronuclear single-atom catalysts with different atomic ratios. The present invention fixes the content of Ir and modulates the content of Co to obtain heteronuclear single-atom catalysts with different atomic ratios. The nitrogen-doped carbon material has a good anchoring effect, so that the single atoms do not agglomerate. Thanks to the synergistic effect between the Ir and Co components, the obtained Ir-Co catalyst has excellent electrocatalytic formic acid oxidation performance.

The present invention discloses a formate fuel cell electrode, a preparation method thereof and an application thereof. The formate fuel cell electrode is synthesized by a hydrothermal method and an electrodeposition method. The fuel cell electrode prepared by the present invention can directly oxidize formate to CO2 under alkaline conditions, thereby converting the chemical energy of formate into electrical energy. Moreover, the electrode has a stable nanowire-like and interstitial structure, and is attached with Pd nanoparticles and / or embedded Pd nanocluster particles, thus providing rich reactive sites for the formate oxidation reaction; the present invention provides a "synergistic detoxification" strategy to solve the problem of Pt and Pd hydrogen poisoning (Pd / Pt-H ad ), and improve the service life of the anodic formate oxidation electrode. That is, TiO2 and CuFe2O4 on the surface of titanium foam are used to generate highly oxidative *OH to synergistically oxidize Pd / Pt-H ad to release Pt and Pd active sites. Therefore, the formate fuel cell electrode prepared by the present invention has excellent formic acid oxidation stability and formic acid oxidation efficiency during the methanol oxidation reaction.

The invention relates to the technical field of electrochemistry and energy, in particular to an anti-poisoning electro-catalysis formic acid oxidation catalyst and a preparation process thereof.The anti-poisoning electro-catalysis formic acid oxidation catalyst comprises carbon paper, tungsten oxide and palladium nanoparticles, the tungsten oxide is loaded on the carbon paper and is in a three-dimensional cluster spine shape, and the palladium nanoparticles are modified on the surface of the tungsten oxide; a tungsten oxide micron structure grows on a carbon paper substrate in situ through a hydrothermal synthesis method to form a multidirectional disorderly crossed three-dimensional micron network, and spiny nano strips uniformly cover the surface of a single carbon fiber; the palladium nanoparticles are loaded on the surface of the tungsten oxide or embedded into the tungsten oxide through a pulse electrodeposition method. The problems of limited activity, CO poisoning and low precious metal utilization rate of a traditional catalyst are comprehensively solved through spine-shaped structure design, precious metal gradient distribution and interface synergistic effect, and the catalyst has the advantages of high catalytic efficiency, high poisoning resistance and low cost.

This invention discloses an anode catalyst for high-concentration formic acid fuel cells, and for the first time synthesizes a three-dimensional Pt / Bi₂Te₃ nanocomposite material with a width of 600–900 nm and a thickness of 55–80 nm. Its performance at 0.1 mol / L... ‑1 Perchloric acid and 3.0 mol L ‑1 The mass activity of formic acid oxidation in a mixed formic acid solution is 8.2 A mg. ‑1 The surface activity is 11.8 mA cm⁻¹. ‑2 These figures are 15.7 and 13.1 times higher than those of commercially available carbon-supported platinum, respectively. In stability testing, the three-dimensional Pt / Bi₂Te₃ nanocomposite exhibited a residual activity of 1.33 A mg after a 3600 s iterative test. ‑1 It is 221.6 times that of commercial Pt / C. At 15.0 mol L⁻¹ ‑1 In a practical direct formic acid fuel cell using formic acid as fuel, the peak power density of the three-dimensional Pt / Bi₂Te₃ nanocomposite material is 156.1 mW / cm². ‑2 The peak power density of commercially available carbon-supported platinum is only 77.0 mW / cm². ‑2 .