80 results about "Hydrocarbon pollution" patented technology

A gas (1) comprising hydrogen sulfide, carbon dioxide, and hydrocarbon contaminants is treated in a plant (FIG. 2) in a configuration in which waste streams are recycled to extinction. In especially preferred aspects of contemplated methods and configurations, hydrogen sulfide and other sulfurous components are converted to a sulfur product (37), carbon dioxide (44A) is separated at a purity sufficient for enhanced oil recovery or sale, and hydrocarbon contaminants are purified to a marketable hydrocarbon product (49).

A gas (1) comprising hydrogen sulfide, carbon dioxide, and hydrocarbon contaminants is treated in a plant (FIG. 2) in a configuration in which waste streams are recycled to extinction. In especially preferred aspects of contemplated methods and configurations, hydrogen sulfide and other sulfurous components are converted to a sulfur product (37), carbon dioxide (44A) is separated at a purity sufficient for enhanced oil recovery or sale, and hydrocarbon contaminants are purified to a marketable hydrocarbon product (49).

The invention relates to a method for restoring oil polluted wet land by combination of plant and microorganism. The method concretely includes: soil of oil polluted wet land to be restored is collected, autochthonous oil-munching bacterium screening is carried out by utilizing an inorganic salt culture medium containing the oil contamination, the culture and screening of autochthonous oil-munching bacterium are enlarged, and the autochthonous oil-munching bacterium is made into active bacterium preparation with OD600 of about 1.5 by adopting nutrition substrate with the urea concentration of 40g / L and the calcium superphosphate concentration of 15g / L; scripus triqueter seedling or scripus triqueter seed is planted in the oil polluted wetland soil, and planting density is 2500-5000 plants / m2; when seedling grows vigorously, the active bacterium preparation obtained by the step a is added into the root system soil planted with scripus triqueter seedling according to the mass ratio of about 100:1, when flowering period and mature period are finished, under the combined action of oil-munching bacteria and root system of plant, the oil polluted wet land is restored. Compared with the traditional soil management method, the method of the invention has the advantages of less investment, less work amount, low technical requirement and no secondary pollution. The restoring process not only can not destroy soil entironment but also is beneficial to improving soil degradation and productivity reduction which are caused by petroleum hydrocarbon pollution and recovering and improving biodiversity of soil.

A process is provided for destroying organic contaminants, such as oil mists from workshop rooms, formaldehyde and aromatics, out of exhaust gases by passing the exhaust gas through two reactors connected in a parallel arrangement to a contaminated exhaust gas inlet. Each of the two reactors is equipped with a plurality of serially arranged reaction zones, wherein each reaction zone contains an upstream catalyst (such as a commercial wire knit catalyst); a downstream absorbent (such as Y zeolite or H-ZSM) and a heater. A major portion of the contaminated exhaust gas is passed through one of the two reactors, while, simultaneously, a minor portion of the contaminated exhaust gas is passed through the other reactor. After a period of time, the exhaust gas flow rate through the two reactors is reversed so that a major portion of the exhaust gas now flows through the reactor that previously had a minor portion of the exhaust gas flowing through it and a minor portion of the exhaust gas now flows through the reactor that previously had a major portion of the exhaust gas flowing through it, so that the process is cyclical in this manner. When a major portion of the exhaust gas flows through a reactor, the hydrocarbon contaminants are sorbed into the absorbent. When a minor portion of the exhaust gas flows through a reactor, the reactor is heated to the catalyst light-off temperature so that the contaminants within the exhaust gas and the contaminants released from the absorbent are catalytically destroyed in a downstream catalyst in an adjacent downstream reaction zone.

The method and apparatus of the present invention discloses a power plant operating at low inlet pressure and temperature using a combination of conventional internal combustion engine techniques and jet engine techniques. The combination of a unique combustion chamber design, a novel variable impedance blade set turbine and a closed loop control system allows a variable resonant frequency for combusted gases. As the resonant frequency is approached a control mechanism uses sensor data to maintain the operating point such that maximum power output is achieved for a given throttle setting. The combination of the unique combustion chamber design, multiple fuel injector / sparking device pairs, finely atomized fuel, excess oxygen and the closed loop control system further provides a very linear power curve with low exit hydrocarbon pollution levels and high fuel efficiency.

The invention relates to a hydrocarbon polluted shallow groundwater magnetic resonance detection device and a hydrocarbon polluted shallow groundwater magnetic resonance detection method. According to the detection device, a computer is respectively connected with a transmission logic and control unit, an MCU (Microprogrammed Control Unit) and a signal acquisition card; a 24V battery is connected with a signal regulation circuit by virtue of a DCDC (Direct Current Direct Current) module, a transmission logic and control unit, the MCU and the signal acquisition card; an energy storage transmission unit is connected with the transmission logic and control unit; the energy storage transmission unit is connected with the signal regulation circuit by virtue of a voltage-current acquisition unit 7 and the MCU. By adopting the detection device, non-intrusive quantitative qualitative measurement is achieved, and testing result can be rapidly obtained on site. The intensity of a local magnetic field is improved by virtue of a permanent magnet, magnetic resonance measurement can be carried out at places with intensive electric power interference, the signal to noise ratio can be effectively improved, the constraint that the magnetic resonance exploration cannot be carried out because of intensive electric power interference is broken, and the defect that the result is not correct because of nonuniform magnetic field can be effectively overcome by use of spin echo pulse. Hydrocarbon pollution within 5m underground can be rapidly and accurately detected.

A method for in situ bioremediation of hydrocarbon-contaminated sites using an enriched steady state microbial consortium capable of modifying crude oil components under anaerobic denitrifying conditions is disclosed.

Enriched steady state microbial consortiums for microbial enhanced oil recovery and in situ bioremediation of hydrocarbon-contaminated sites, under anaerobic denitrifying conditions, are disclosed.

An electronic nose system for rapid detection of pollution of volatile chlorinated hydrocarbons. The electronic nose system comprises a gas chamber gas passage unit which comprises a gas pipe, a pump, a magnetic valve, a conversion joint and a gas chamber and can finish processes of gas collection, detection, flushing and the like through controlling states of the magnetic valve and the pump, a gas pretreatment unit which is arranged in front of a gas inlet of the gas chamber gas passage unit and is utilized for removing moisture and interfering substances, a sensor unit which is arranged in the gas chamber and is utilized for acquisition of gas response signals, an embedded system which is arranged outside the gas chamber and is utilized for automatic control of the whole electronic nosesystem and processing, display and storage of signals, and a system housing which comprises an external casing, buttons, a mainboard, a display screen, a power supply module and the like and is utilized for providing power and data monitoring real-time display for the whole electronic nose system. The whole electronic nose system is controlled by the embedded system and has the advantages of low power dissipation, small volume, light weight, convenience of carrying, and effect of realization of online environmental monitoring.

The invention relates to phytoremediation technology for organic poison polluted soil, in particular to a method for restoring petroleum-polluted soil by utilizing an ornamental plant, namely morning glory. The method adopts the technical proposal that adequate sand is doped into the petroleum-polluted soil; morning glory seeds are soaked by distilled water until seed hulls are expanded and cracked, and subjected to spot seeding into petroleum hydrocarbon polluted soil; and the morning glory planted in the petroleum hydrocarbon polluted soil adopts outdoor planting and watering at a fixed period, and the water content of the soil is maintained to be 70 to 80 percent of the field capacity. Compared with the prior method for treating the petroleum-polluted soil, the method has the advantages of small investment, small engineering quantity, low technical requirements and so on, and can not cause secondary pollution, and simultaneously the restoring process not only can not damage the ecological environment of the soil but also helps to improve soil degradation and productivity reduction caused by petroleum hydrocarbon pollution and recover and improve the biodiversity of the soil.

Treatment apparatus and a process for thermal desorption of hydrocarbon contaminants from excavated soil provides efficient contaminant removal by handling the soil in a thermally conductive treatment vessel that fits within an insulated treatment chamber. The soil is treated in this chamber with fresh air that is dried and electrically heated prior to contacting the treatment vessel. The dry air passes through the soil and the air mixed with contaminants is withdrawn from the chamber through piping in the treatment vessel. Excavating the soil directly into the treatment vessel allows the treated soil to be returned to the final disposition site in the same vessel, minimizing soil handling.

Provided herein are couplings useful in the transfer of liquid fuels from a remote storage reservoir to an on-board fuel tank of a motorized vehicle. There is provided a first coupling which is adapted to be in fluid communication with the interior of a vehicle's fuel tank, and a second coupling which is intended to be in fluid communication with the contents of a remote fuel storage reservoir. The invention also includes a process for charging a fuel reservoir on board of a motorized vehicle from a remote reservoir, wherein the vapor in the fuel reservoir is displaced by an equal volume of fuel delivered from said remote reservoir, and wherein the vapor in said fuel reservoir is simultaneously caused to be transferred to said remote reservoir, thus permitting no escape of the vapor from said fuel reservoir to the surrounding atmosphere. Through use of the present invention, spills of fuel are essentially eliminated, and the escape of vapors from the vehicle's fuel tank are prevented, thus preventing atmospheric hydrocarbon pollution.

A combination of parallel processes to provide optimal re-mediation operations for contaminated soil. Soils with high levels of heavy petroleum hydrocarbons are directed to a thermal process for destruction in a combustion process. Carbon dioxide generated and recovered in the thermal process is employed as a solvent in a solvent process to clean other soils of petroleum hydrocarbons and certain chlorinated hydrocarbon compounds. In the solvent process, contaminated soils are run through a closed soil separator where the soils are washed with carbon dioxide. The carbon dioxide is then dried from the soil and the soil is sent for segregation. Soils with the lightest forms of hydrocarbon contamination (gasoline, etc.) are subjected to a vaporization process utilizing heat energy generated in the thermal process to heat the soil, under a partial vacuum, and the vapors generated are captured, condensed, and recovered as product.

This application relates to an apparatus and method for cleaning drill cuttings recovered from a wellbore. Specifically, the apparatus includes an effective system for handling and washing drill cuttings at a well site to remove hydrocarbon contaminants. The system successively washes hydrocarbon contaminated drill cuttings in organic solvent and water to remove and recover the hydrocarbon contaminates, and produce cleaned drill cuttings that may enable disposal of clean drill cuttings without further treatment.

The invention discloses an in-situ detection system for straight section distribution of petroleum hydrocarbon contaminants at contaminated sites, and creates an in situ detection system for straightsection distribution of petroleum hydrocarbon contaminants at contaminated sites based on the induced fluorescence technology aiming at urgent needs for the real-time in-situ measurement technology ofstraight section distribution of contaminants, such as treatment and restoration of contaminated sites, and contaminated situation survey for the sites. The invention uses high-energy ultraviolet LEDs of 270nm and 320nm to in-situ excite the petroleum hydrocarbon contaminants in the deep of the contaminated sites to detect fluorescence signals with the wavelengths of 350nm and 450nm, and uses a characteristic fluorescence spectrum of petroleum hydrocarbon to invert the concentration of the contaminants in real time to realize real-time and in-site detection of straight section distribution ofpetroleum hydrocarbon contaminants at sites. The invention has a cylindrical shell and a drill bit that can drill deep into the soil using a soil drill. In the process of using the technology, thereis no need of a reagent, no secondary pollution, and no tedious sample pretreatment and detection process, which can significantly improve the efficiency of the detection of petroleum hydrocarbon pollution at sites.

The invention relates to the bioremediation technical field of the petroleum hydrocarbon pollution, and discloses stenotrophomonas maltophilia, microbial inoculum containing the stenotrophomonas maltophilia and an application in diesel degradation and a diesel-degrading method. The preservation number of the stenotrophomonas maltophilia is CGMCC NO:10846. The diesel-degrading method comprises the following steps: contacting the stenotrophomonas maltophilia with the preservation number CGMCC NO:10846 and / or the microbial inoculum containing the stenotrophomonas maltophilia with the preservation number CGMCC NO:10846 with a diesel pollution sample, and degrading the diesel in the diesel pollution sample. The stenotrophomonas maltophilia is capable of effectively tolerating and degrading the high-concentration diesel compositions in the liquid phase and soil phase without adding carbon resources, with lower requirements for other elements, such as nitrogen and phosphorus, and is suitable for the high-concentration diesel bioremediation process of dead soil and dystrophic industrial wastewater.

The invention provides a heat repairing method for organic contaminated soil. Smoke of a combustion furnace is used for heating the organic contaminated soil in an in-situ or different-position manner, and heavy metal type pollution, pesticide type pollution, hydrocarbon pollution and biology and nutrient type pollution are separated from the soil. According to the method, the strong heat decomposition and stabilizing functions are achieved for the pollutants which belong to the heavy metal type such as chromium, cadmium, mercury, arsenic, lead, copper, zinc and nickel; the organic pollutants which belong to the pesticide type such as insecticide, acaricide, bactericide, herbicide, nematicide and a plant growth regulator can be effectively desorbed at the high temperature; the extremely high pyrolysis effect is achieved for hydrocarbon pollutants including petroleum hydrocarbon, halohydrocarbon, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon and the like; and the biology and nutrient type pollutants can be completely decomposed at the high temperature.

The invention relates to a plant repairing technology for the soil contaminated by toxic organic materials, in particular to a method for repairing the soil contaminated by petroleum through the ornamental plant of common four o'clock. Common four o'clock is implanted in the soil contaminated by petroleum and is removed from the contaminated soil when the common four o'clock grows into a flowering stage; and the plant is implanted repeatedly to continuously reduce the excessive petroleum pollutant in the contaminated soil till the pollutant content reaches an environmental safety standard. Compared with the prior remediation method for the contaminated soil, the method has the advantages of little investment, low workload, not high technical requirements, and the like. In addition, as the method is a green home-position remediation technology, the harvested plant is processed collectively without causing secondary pollution; and simultaneously the repairing process not only has no damage on the soil ecological environment, but also benefits the improvement of the soil degradation and productivity reduction caused by petroleum hydrocarbon pollution and recovers and improves the biological diversity of the soil. The planting of the common four-o'clock can beautify the environment while simultaneously controlling environmental pollution, thereby bringing about good ecological benefits.

The invention belongs to the technical field of soil remediation, and provides a method for predicting the degradation rate of sodium persulfate in remediation of petroleum hydrocarbon contaminated soil. According to the method for predicting the degradation rate of sodium persulfate in remediation of the petroleum hydrocarbon contaminated soil, the problem that the remediation effect of sodium persulfate on petroleum hydrocarbon pollution in different soils is greatly different exists, and the remediation effect is influenced by factors such as the content of soil mineral elements, the content of soil organic matter, the total amount and effective state of petroleum hydrocarbon and remediation conditions, so that a series of soil remediation experiments are carried out, and a correlationmodel between the degradation rate of soil petroleum hydrocarbon and various factors is established by adopting a multiple quadratic regression method. The model is verified, the model is proved to have good prediction ability, the degradation rate of sodium persulfate in remediation of petroleum hydrocarbon pollution in different soils can be effectively predicted, and guiding significance is provided for the application of sodium persulfate in remediation of soil petroleum pollution.

Methods of recovering hydrocarbons from an area that is contaminated or threatened with contamination with hydrocarbons may include deploying hydrophobic absorbent material such that at least some of the hydrophobic absorbent material contacts at least some of the hydrocarbons, allowing the hydrophobic absorbent material to absorb at least some of the hydrocarbons, and collecting the hydrophobic absorbent material from the area using a netting apparatus. The hydrophobic absorbent material may include cellulose treated with borax.

Presented herein are compositions including a linear tenso-active surfactant which, upon contact and mechanical stirring of a hydrocarbon body, induces emulsification, resulting in oxidation of fatty acid aliphatic bodies. The compositions solve the problem of hydrocarbon pollution. The hydrocarbon decomposer and its by-products dissolve hydrocarbons present in polluted bodies such as clays, soils, water and sand. Methods of the invention create a residue that is a fertilizer, at room temperature and with no need for high pressure.

Provided herein are couplings useful in the transfer of liquid fuels from a remote storage reservoir to an on-board fuel tank of a motorized vehicle. There is provided a first coupling which is adapted to be in fluid communication with the interior of a vehicle's fuel tank, and a second coupling which is intended to be in fluid communication with the contents of a remote fuel storage reservoir. The invention also includes a process for charging a fuel reservoir on board of a motorized vehicle from a remote reservoir, wherein the vapor in the fuel reservoir is displaced by an equal volume of fuel delivered from said remote reservoir, and wherein the vapor in said fuel reservoir is simultaneously caused to be transferred to said remote reservoir, thus permitting no escape of the vapor from said fuel reservoir to the surrounding atmosphere. Through use of the present invention, spills of fuel are essentially eliminated, and the escape of vapors from the vehicle's fuel tank are prevented, thus preventing atmospheric hydrocarbon pollution.

A method and apparatus for removing hydrocarbon contaminants from groundwater. The apparatus preferably removes contaminants from groundwater by heating the groundwater to a temperature at which the contaminant vaporizes and separates from the liquid groundwater. Sparge air may be passed through the groundwater to assist in separating the vaporized contaminant. Further, a vacuum may be applied to lower the vaporization temperature of the contaminant. The extracted hydrocarbons are preferably destroyed in a thermal or catalytic oxidizer while the groundwater with the vaporized contaminant removed is preferably pumped through activated carbon filters to further reduce the amount of contaminants to governmental standards.

The invention discloses chromium resistant paenarthrobacter nicotinovorans M23A and an application thereof, and relates to paenarthrobacter nicotinovorans. The paenarthrobacter nicotinovorans is preserved in the China Center for Type Culture Collection on 27 November 2018, the address is Wuhan University, Wuhan, China, the postcode is 430072, and the preservation number in the preservation centeris CCTCC NO:M 2018833. The invention relates to an application of the paenarthrobacter nicotinovorans for governing petroleum hydrocarbon pollution of soil. The separation and the application of the paenarthrobacter nicotinovorans (Paenarthrobacter nicotinovorans) M23A further enrich strain resources in the field, the research blank in the respect is effectively filled, a feasible scheme is provided for practice work of governing mixed petroleum hydrocarbon pollution environment, and enormous research value and application prospect are displayed.

The present invention provides a petroleum hydrocarbon pollution removal composition and applications thereof, wherein the composition comprises persulfate and copper nanoparticles (CuNPs), and the persulfate and the copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) are separately sub-packaged. According to the present invention, the copper nanoparticles prepared by using the DNA template have a particle size of 23+ / -8 nm, and the preparation method is simple and rapid; the mass concentration ratio of the persulfate to the DNA-CuNPs colloidal solution is 0.1 g / L:(10-20) equivalent; with the novel persulfate oxidation system provided by the invention, the efficient degradation of the difficultly-degraded pollutant component polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon pyrene in the petroleum hydrocarbon can be achieved under the mild room temperature condition, the chemical sludge is almost not generated within the neutral and alkaline pH value range, and the problems of the difficult treatment of the iron mud in the traditional homogeneous catalyst system and secondary pollution caused by the use of a large amount of the traditional homogeneous catalyst system are solved to a certain extent.

A system for washing mechanical parts polluted with hydrocarbons is described, which includes a) a cleaning fluid; b) an enzymatic complex that catalyzes the oxidative degradation of hydrocarbons coating the mechanical parts, wherein said enzymatic complex is located within a filter cartridge; and, c) a washing sink. By using the described system, daily degradation efficiency from 250 to 500 g of transformed hydrocarbons in CO2 and H2O is achieved. Moreover, a method to perform washing of mechanical parts is described.

A fluid processing device is provided for recycling a previously used water and glycol containing fluid by removing contaminants including hydrocarbon, metals, particulates and water contaminants from the water and glycol containing fluid. The device includes a particulate filter for removing particulates, an activated carbon filter for removing hydrocarbon contaminants, a micron-sized filter for removing at least one of particulate and metal contaminants, a high pressure membrane filter for removing contaminants and water, and a heater for heating the glycol containing fluid to a temperature at least near the boiling point of water in a predetermined reduced pressure atmosphere. The device also includes a low pressure separator having a tank kept generally at or near the predetermined reduced pressure for removing additional water from the water and glycol containing fluid. The low pressure separator includes a first exit port for removing separated water from the separator as steam, and a second exit port for removing substantially water free glycol based fluid from the low pressure separator.

The invention relates to a sleeve type bioelectrochemical reactor for in-situ remediation of shallow groundwater polluted by chlorinated hydrocarbon, in particular to a bioelectrochemical reactor for in-situ remediation of shallow groundwater polluted by halogenated hydrocarbon. The bioelectrochemical dehalogenation technology is utilized, electrons are provided for dehalogenation breathing bacteria through the biological cathode, and completion of biological dehalogenation breathing is promoted, so that the problem that exogenous electron donors in underground water are insufficient is solved. A cathode of the reactor comprises a stainless steel cylinder with holes uniformly distributed in the surface and a carbon felt; the upper section of the bottom cylinder is of a straight cylinder structure, the lower section is of a conical cylinder structure, the upper edge of the bottom cylinder is connected with the stainless steel cylinder, and the check ball is located in the lower section of the bottom cylinder. The anode is located in the stainless steel cylinder, the PVC pipe is located between the anode and the cathode, and the anode and the cathode are electrically connected through an external direct-current power source. The device can be arranged in an in-situ monitoring well with a smaller caliber, is simple and convenient to operate, and is suitable for the characteristics of complex underground water environment and inconvenient operation conditions.

The invention discloses a method for efficiently repairing petroleum hydrocarbon pollution of soil. The method comprises the following steps of cleaning, mixing and maintaining. Calcium oxide reacts with water to generate calcium hydroxide, and a large amount of heat is released in the reaction process; due to the fact that calcium hydroxide is strongly alkaline, sodium persulfate activated by quick lime can provide the complementary activation effect of alkali activation and thermal activation at the same time; Na2S2O8 reacts with OH <-> in a liquid phase to generate OH<2->, then Na2S2O8 reacts with S2O8<2-> to cause-O-O-bond breakage to generate SO4 <->.; SO4 <-> is mainly produced under acidic and neutral conditions (pH = 2-7) and is relatively stable in a solution; in a solution having a pH greater than 8.5, SO4 <-> oxidizes water or OH <-> to gradually produce OH. with an increase in proportion, while in an alkaline solution (pH greater than 12), OH. is mainly produced; and because the oxidizability of OH. is stronger than that of SO4 <->, the-O-O-bond is broken to cause the production of SO4<->., and the oxidation of pollutants is realized.

The invention discloses a sample preparation device for petroleum hydrocarbon pollution detection in soil; the sample preparation device comprises a sleeve, an outer pipe and an inner pipe, wherein the outer pipe is located in the sleeve, the inner pipe is located in the outer pipe, and the top end of the inner pipe is fixedly connected with a fixing plate. In the sample preparation device for detecting the petroleum hydrocarbon pollution in the soil, the two ends of the cross rod penetrate through the outer pipe and extend into the outer pipe. After the sampling is finished, the sample can be immediately crushed and screened, so that in the process of returning to a laboratory, the sample can be prepared and packaged by a packaging bottle, more time is saved, and the sampling device is convenient to use. The device can be used for two purposes; wherein the top end of the inner pipe is fixedly connected with the fixing plate, the outer pipe is convenient to disassemble and assemble, and the inner pipe is located at the bottom of the interior of the outer pipe during sampling and located on the upper portion of the interior of the outer pipe during crushing and screening, so that enough space is provided for screening.