32 results about "Thermal dissociation" patented technology

The present invention provides a method for carrying out high temperature thermal dissociation reactions requiring rapid-heating and short residence times using solar energy. In particular, the present invention provides a method for carrying out high temperature thermal reactions such as dissociation of hydrocarbon containing gases and hydrogen sulfide to produce hydrogen and dry reforming of hydrocarbon containing gases with carbon dioxide. In the methods of the invention where hydrocarbon containing gases are dissociated, fine carbon black particles are also produced. The present invention also provides solar-thermal reactors and solar-thermal reactor systems.

A non-volatile memory cell is described. The non-volatile memory cell comprises a substrate, a charge-trapping layer, a gate and a source/drain. The charge-trapping layer comprises an insulating layer and metal nano-particles contained therein, wherein the metal nano-particles are formed with thermal dissociation of an oxide of the same metal. The gate is disposed on the charge-trapping layer, and the source/drain is located in the substrate beside the gate.

Various aspects of the invention provide improved approaches and methods for efficiently: Vaporizing decaborane and other heat-sensitive materials via a novel vaporizer and vapor delivery system; Delivering a controlled, low-pressure drop flow of vapors, e.g. decaborane, into the ion source;

Ionizing the decaborane into a large fraction of B₁₀H_x⁺; Preventing thermal dissociation of decaborane;

Limiting charge-exchange and low energy electron-induced fragmentation of B₁₀H_x⁺; Operating the ion source without an arc plasma, which can improve the emittance properties and the purity of the beam; Operating the ion source without use of a strong applied magnetic field, which can improve the emittance properties of the beam; Using, a novel approach to produce electron impact ionizations without the use of an arc discharge, by incorporation of an externally generated, broad directional electron beam which is aligned to pass through the ionization chamber to a thermally isolated beam dump;. Providing production-worthy dosage rates of boron dopant at the wafer; Providing a hardware design that enables use also with other dopants, especially using novel hydride, dimer-containing, and indium- or antimony-containing temperature-sensitive starting materials, to further enhance the economics of use and production worthiness of the novel source design and in many cases, reducing the presence of contaminants; Matching the ion optics requirements of the installed base of ion implanters in the field; Eliminating the ion source as a source of transition metals contamination, by using an external and preferably remote cathode and providing an ionization chamber and extraction aperture fabricated of non-contaminating material, e.g. graphite, silicon carbide or aluminum; Enabling retrofit of the new ion source into the ion source design space of existing Bernas source-based ion implanters and the like or otherwise enabling compatibility with other ion source designs; Using a control system in retrofit installations that enables retention of the installed operator interface and control techniques with which operators are already familiar; Enabling convenient handling and replenishment of the solid within the vaporizer without substantial down-time of the implanter; Providing internal adjustment and control techniques that enable, with a single design, matching the dimensions and intensity of the zone in which ionization occurs to the beam line of the implanter and the requirement of the process at hand; Providing novel approaches, starting materials and conditions of operation that enable the making of future generations of semiconductor devices and especially CMOS source/drains and extensions, and doping of silicon gates.

A process for large-scale production of CdTe/CdS thin film solar cell the films of the solar cells being deposited as a sequence on a transparent substrate, which comprises the steps of: depositing a film of a transparent conductive oxide (TCO) on the substrate; depositing a film of CdS on the TCO film; treating the CdTe film with Chlorine-containing inert gas; and depositing a back-contact film on the treated CdTe film. The Chlorine-containing inert gas is a Chlorofluorocarbon or a Hydrochlorofluorocarbon product and the treatment is carried out in a vacuum chamber at an operating temperature of 380-420° C. The Chlorine released as a result of the thermal dissociation of the product reacts with solid CdTe present on the cell surface to produce TeCl₂ and CdCl₂ vapors. Any residual CdCl₂ is removed from the cell surface by applying a vacuum to the vacuum chamber while keeping the temperature at the operating value.

The process for melting oxidic slags and combustion residues having a minimum content of metallized portions such as, e.g., iron and/or carbon carriers, of 3% by weight is carried out in a shaft furnace directly heated by means of fossil fuels via burners. The molten slag bath is transferred into a hearth type furnace immediately adjoining the shaft furnace and in which metals such as, for instance, copper are separated by sedimentation under thermal dissociation and discharged separately via a bottom outlet. The completely oxidized slag reaches a consecutively arranged slag treating reactor via a separate discharge.

The invention relates to the solid waste thermal decomposition treatment, comprising a igniting the flammable matter, adding solid waste, forcing to add magnetic air to maintain the stable thermal decomposition reaction, emitting of the nonflammable slag, comprising a furnace, treatment chamber, emission chamber with air inlet connected to the air inlet channel, treatment chamber with air exhaust connected with the chimney, air inlet channel having magnetizer, whose inside having strong magnets, the other end of the air inlet channel connected to the air outlet, with air conduit between the wind outlet and the chimney. It improves the thermal decomposition efficiency in the temperature around 600deg.C. It is an environment protective technology without the use of any energy.

The invention relates to a process for preparing sub-micron aluminum oxide through improved salting out method comprising the steps of, subjecting the collyrium type clay to hydrochloric acid extraction, extraction, salting-out, thermal dissociation incineration and super fine integration, wherein the extracting agent employs tributyl phosphate, the thinning agent employs petroleum ether or sulphonated kerosene.

The invention discloses a nano film forming machine for preparing nano functional film, which comprises a vacuum tank body and a generator, the vacuum tank body comprising a cabin and a top cover which is equipped with the cabin, the generator being equipped with the inner of the cabin and being fixed by a supporting flange which is equipped with the cabin, the rotation shaft of the generator being provided with a base-tray, the top cover being equipped with a liquid inlet which locates above the base-tray, the vacuum tank body being equipped with a vacuum adapter for evacuation, in the vacuum tank body being provided with a heat source for thermal dissociation and a light source for photo dissociation, and the heat source and light source equipped upper than base-tray; the invention has a merit of: taking film formation, thermal dissociation or photo dissociation and phase-change in high temperature in a whole body, and guaranteeing the film quality.

A contaminated Group III metal hydrocarbon is purified by providing an adduct of Group III metal hydrocarbon with a Lewis base in a solvent having a boiling point which is up to 200° C., but at least 30° C. higher than the boiling point of the Group III metal hydrocarbon, separating the solvent from the adduct, and heating the adduct for thermal dissociation, thereby releasing the Group III metal hydrocarbon in high purity form.

To provide a compound which has a higher vulcanization efficiency and superior heat aging resistance compared to conventional compounding agents for rubber compositions and which is environmentally friendly.

An amine salt compound of a carboxylic acid containing a thermal dissociation portion having the Formula (I):

wherein R represents an organic group selected from a C₁ to C₂₀ alkyl group, a C₃ to C₁₀ cycloalkyl group, a C₆ to C₂₀ aryl group and a C₇ to C₃₀ alkaryl group, R₁, R₂ and R₃ independently represent a hydrogen atom or a C₁ to C₂₀ organic group which may have a heteroatom and/or a substituent group and X represents a C₂ to C₂₀ organic group which may have a heteroatom and/or a substituent group and a compounding agent for rubber vulcanization and a rubber composition containing the same.

The invention relates to a high-mach-number low-temperature array nozzle used for HF/DF chemical laser. The array nozzle comprises more than two nozzle assembling units which are arranged in parallel; a nozzle unit is formed between the two nozzle assembling units; the nozzle unit is a typical two-dimensional slit Laval nozzle; a row of hydrogen nozzle holes are formed in the wall surface of each of the nozzle assembling units on the two sides of the tail end of an outlet expansion section of the corresponding nozzle unit separately; a row of main helium nozzle holes are formed in the wall surface of each of the nozzle assembling units on the two sides of an outlet expansion section between the hydrogen nozzle holes and a throat-shaped channel separately; and a row of combustor helium nozzle holes are formed in the wall surface of each of the nozzle assembling units on the two sides of the inlet end of the corresponding nozzle unit separately. By adopting a high-mach-number low-temperature array nozzle design concept, the efficient fluorine atom freezing efficiency of the high-mach-number low-temperature nozzle is maintained; and by introducing a Russia novel nozzle combustor helium adding strategy, the thermal dissociation efficiency of the combustor is greatly improved.

The present invention relates to methods by which the thermal dissociation of Michael adducts present in a stream of crude acrylic acid, called “crude ester grade”, and the esterification reaction of acrylic acid present in the stream of crude acrylic acid, or generated in situ by thermal dissociation, with a light alcohol, are carried out simultaneously.