44results about "Boron-oxygen compounds" patented technology

A method of producing a chemical hydride is described and which includes selecting a composition having chemical bonds and which is capable of forming a chemical hydride; providing a source of a hydrocarbon; and reacting the composition with the source of the hydrocarbon to generate a chemical hydride.

The invention relates to the technical field of heat-insulating and demagnetizing refrigeration, and discloses a heat-insulating and demagnetizing refrigeration material based on a Trellis crystal lattice and a preparation method and application of the heat-insulating and demagnetizing refrigeration material. The chemical formula of the heat insulation and demagnetization refrigeration material based on the Trellis crystal lattice is Gd2GeB2O8. A magnetic test result of the Gd2GeB2O8 crystal shows that the magnetic anisotropy of the crystal material is relatively weak and tends to magnetic isotropy, and a long-range magnetic orderliness phenomenon is not observed above 1.8 K. And when adiabatic demagnetization is carried out under initial conditions that T is equal to 3K and B is equal to 7T, the material can reach the maximum negative magnetic entropy difference of 51.68 J * kg <-1 > * K <-1 >, which shows that the Gd2GeB2O8 has a better application prospect in a 3-17K temperature zone and a sub-Kelvin temperature zone.

The invention relates to the technical field of batteries, in particular to a positive electrode material and a preparation method and application thereof. The positive electrode material comprises: an inner core, the inner core satisfies a chemical general formula LizMnxFe (1-x) RyPO4, and 0.5 < = xlt; 1, 0lt; yt; Yt; 0.1, 0.9 < = z < = 1.2; r comprises at least one of Al, Mg, Ca, Sr, V, Cr, Y, Mo, Nb, B, W, La, Sm, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Zr and Ti; the coating layer is arranged on at least part of the surface of the inner core, and the coating layer comprises a boron-doped carbon coating layer. The lithium manganese iron phosphate positive electrode material is synergistically modified in a multi-element doping and boron doping carbon coating manner, so that the lithium ion transmission path can be widened, more electron holes can be formed, the electron transmission efficiency can be improved, the conductivity of the material can be improved, and the rate and the dynamic performance of the material can be further improved; and relatively high and stable cycle performance is ensured.

The application discloses a surface-coated and bulk-gradient co-doped sodium ion battery positive electrode material and a preparation method and a sodium ion battery thereof, and belongs to the technical field of sodium ion batteries. The sodium ion battery positive electrode material comprises a layered transition metal oxide and a coating layer coated on the surface of the layered transition metal oxide; the layered transition metal oxide is a nickel-iron-manganese-based layered transition metal oxide, and the coating layer is an amorphous boron oxide coating layer; the chemical formula of the surface-coated and bulk-gradient co-doped sodium ion battery positive electrode material is Na(Ni 1 / 3 Fe 1 / 3 Mn 1 / 3 ) x B y M z O2, 0.9≤x≤0.98, 0.01≤y<0.2, 0.01≤z<0.1, and x+y+z=1, and M is selected from W or Nb; wherein the doping concentration of boron elements and metal M elements presents a gradient decreasing trend from the surface layer to the inside along the radial direction; the surface boron oxide coating and the bulk-gradient doping of boron elements and metal M elements are simultaneously realized; the surface coating layer effectively reduces the interface side reaction, and the bulk-gradient doping stabilizes the crystal structure from the inside; and the two synergistically act to jointly inhibit the structural degradation in the cycle process.

The utility model relates to the technical field of boric acid production, and discloses a boric acid production impurity separation device which comprises a bottom plate, a first gear fixedly connected to the outer surface of a driving rod, a rotating rod fixedly connected to the interior of a second gear, and stirring rods fixedly connected to the outer surface of the rotating rod and the outer surface of the driving rod. A discharging brush is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the driving rod, and an annular discharging plate is arranged at the bottom of the treatment tank. According to the stirring device, the driving motor is started, the first gear on the driving rod drives the rotating rod to rotate through the second gear, the stirring rods stir dissolved substances in the tank in a staggered mode, and after the dissolved substances are dissolved and precipitated, the annular discharging plate is opened to carry out the subsequent impurity removal procedure. And the residual solution passes through an adsorption column filled with a special adsorbent, so that impurities in the boric acid solution can be further adsorbed and removed, and the adsorption effect is better.

The invention relates to the technical field of chemical devices, in particular to a hydrolytic crystallization device, a hydrolytic crystallization method and a system for manufacturing boric acid. The hydrolytic crystallization device comprises a container body, a cyclic heating assembly, a flow guide part, a stirring assembly, a crystal collecting assembly and a steam collecting part. The container body is arranged to form a hydrolytic crystallization chamber and a feeding hole; the circulating heating assembly heats the materials and then returns the materials to the crystallization chamber, and the process is circulated; the flow guide part is arranged in the hydrolytic crystallization chamber and used for forming a flow guide chamber, and the top and the bottom of the flow guide chamber are both communicated with the hydrolytic crystallization chamber; the stirring assembly is arranged to stir materials in the flow guide chamber; part of materials at the bottom of the crystallization chamber can flow downwards to enter the crystal collection assembly; the steam collecting piece is used for condensing steam at the top of the hydrolysis crystallization chamber into liquid and collecting the liquid. According to the hydrolytic crystallization device, the crystallization efficiency and the grain uniformity can be improved.

The present application relates to a kind of sodium sulfate iron composite sodium ion positive electrode material and its preparation method and battery, belong to sodium battery technical field, to solve at least one of the problems such as the poor air stability and conductivity of the sodium sulfate iron positive electrode material prepared by the existing method, easily lead to the capacity and cycle stability of battery is low, limit the application of sodium sulfate iron positive electrode material in sodium ion battery.The inner layer of the sodium ion positive electrode material of the present application is boron oxide coated sodium sulfate iron, the middle layer is boron-carbon nanotube transition layer, the outer layer is carbon nanotube coated sodium sodium pyrophosphate phosphate, boron-carbon nanotube transition layer is formed by the covalent bonding reaction of boron oxide and the functional group of CNTs after high-temperature induced decomposition of boric acid, double optimization is carried out in the interface combination and conductivity, improve the ion conductivity of sodium ion positive electrode material, the capacity of positive electrode material, rate and cycle performance, especially air stability.

The application belongs to the technical field of fine chemical industry, and specifically provides a process method for preparing nuclear-grade boric acid by reverse osmosis membrane purification of boric acid, which comprises the following process steps: pretreatment, complexation impurity removal, two-stage membrane separation, and rate control crystallization. The process method has the advantages of excellent impurity removal effect, simple process, easy operation and control, good reproducibility, low production cost, environmental friendliness, etc., and the prepared nuclear-grade boric acid is suitable for the field of nuclear industry, electronic-grade materials and other fields with high requirements for the purity of boric acid.

The invention relates to a device and method for preparing boric acid from a boron trifluoride-methyl ether complex, the device comprises a steam generator, a gasification device and a reactor, and the steam generator and the gasification device are gathered through a pipeline and then connected with the reactor; the steam generator is used for producing steam; and the gasification device is used for producing a gas boron trifluoride-methyl ether complex. The method for preparing boric acid comprises the following steps: step 1, air replacement; step 2, preheating; 3, enabling water vapor to react with the boron trifluoride-methyl ether complex in a reactor to obtain a primary product; and step 4, after the reaction is completed, continuously keeping the temperature. The boron trifluoride-methyl ether complex reacts with water vapor at high temperature, boron oxide is obtained through a one-step method, the technical route is greatly simplified, the yield of boron is increased, and production energy consumption is reduced.

The invention belongs to the technical field of fine chemical engineering, and particularly provides a process method for preparing nuclear-grade boric acid by purifying boric acid through a reverse osmosis membrane, and the process method comprises the following process steps: pretreatment, complexing impurity removal, two-stage membrane separation and speed-controlled crystallization. The technological method provided by the invention has the advantages of being excellent in impurity removal effect, simple in process, easy to operate and control, good in reproducibility, low in production cost, environment-friendly and the like, and the prepared nuclear-grade boric acid is suitable for the fields of nuclear industry, electronic-grade materials and the like which have high requirements on the purity of boric acid.

The embodiment of the invention relates to the technical field of chemical devices, in particular to an esterification device and a system for manufacturing boric acid. The esterification device comprises an esterification container, a heating piece and a stirring assembly, the esterification container forms an esterification chamber and a liquid inlet, a feed port and a discharge port which are communicated with the esterification container, the liquid inlet is used for introducing a boron trifluoride-methanol complex into the esterification chamber, the feed port is used for introducing a solid defluorination agent into the esterification chamber, and the discharge port is used for discharging the boron trifluoride-methanol complex into the esterification chamber; the boron trifluoride-methanol complex and the solid defluorinating agent are subjected to an esterification reaction in the esterification chamber to generate trimethyl borate and a solid by-product; the heating piece is arranged to heat the esterification chamber and keep the temperature in the esterification chamber stable; the stirring assembly is used for stirring the materials in the esterification chamber, so that the materials are uniformly mixed. According to the esterification device, the temperature in the esterification chamber is kept constant through the heating piece, the reaction process is accelerated through the stirring assembly, and the esterification reaction rate and the material conversion rate can be increased.

The present application relates to a series of compounds calcium halogenated borate and calcium halogenated borate nonlinear optical crystal and preparation method and use, the molecular general formula of the series of compounds is Ca2B3O6X, wherein X=Cl, Br, molecular weight 244.04-288.50, the compound is synthesized using solid phase reaction method;The crystal is orthorhombic, space group Cmc 21, the cell parameter is a=15.360 (6)-15.406 (2) Å, b=22.115 (3)-22.175 (10) Å, c=7.3617 (11)-7.454 (4) Å, Z=16, V=2508.2 (6)-2538.7 (19) Å 3 , the crystal is grown using cosolvent method, the powder frequency doubling effect is about 1.5-2 times of KDP (KH2PO4), has wide light transmission waveband, the crystal preparation method is simple, and the cost is low, the prepared crystal is large in mechanical hardness, easy to cut, polishing processing and preservation, the series of calcium halogenated borate nonlinear optical crystal described in the application has the advantages of stable physical and chemical properties, moderate mechanical hardness, not easy to break, easy to cut, polishing processing and preservation and the like.

The present application relates to the technical field of inorganic chemistry, and particularly relates to a method for comprehensive utilization of sodium borolite mineral resources, which comprises the following steps: taking sodium borolite as raw material, and obtaining boric acid, calcium sulfate hemihydrate and sodium nitrate through a series of coupled processing procedures in a production system, wherein the boric acid meets the quality index of superior product of the national standard boric acid product standard, the purity of the calcium sulfate hemihydrate reaches more than 99%, and the sodium nitrate meets the national standard sodium nitrate product standard. The method has the beneficial effect that the method for comprehensive utilization of sodium borolite mineral resources makes the elements such as boron, calcium, sodium and magnesium in the sodium borolite and the raw materials such as sulfuric acid, sulfate and nitric acid used in the processing enter the products as much as possible, not only makes the sodium borolite mineral resources be fully utilized, but also greatly reduces the discharge of "three wastes" in the production process.

The present invention relates to a rubidium fluoro-scandium borate compound, a rubidium fluoro-scandium borate nonlinear optical crystal, and a preparation method and application thereof. The rubidium fluoro-scandium borate compound has a chemical formula Rb2ScB3O6F2, does not contain a symmetry center and has a molecular weight of 382.33 g / mol. The rubidium fluoro-scandium borate nonlinear optical crystal belongs to the monoclinic crystal system, and belongs to the non-centrosymmetric space group P21, and the unit cell parameters are: a = 4.0372(10) Å, b = 11.800(3) Å, c = 8.823(2) Å, α = γ = 90°, β = 98.327(11) °, Z = 2. The present invention adopts a high-temperature vacuum packaging method or a solid-state synthesis method to prepare rubidium fluoro-scandium borate compounds. The present invention adopts a fluxing agent method to prepare a rubidium fluoro-scandium borate nonlinear optical crystal, which have the advantages of short absorption cutoff edge, large nonlinear optical effect, good thermal stability, and stable physical and chemical properties. The rubidium fluoro-scandium borate nonlinear optical crystal of the present invention can be used to fabricate nonlinear optical devices, which have important applications in fields such as optics, military, laser lithography, and communication, etc..

This invention discloses a method for preparing nuclear-grade boric acid, belonging to the fields of fine chemicals and nuclear materials technology. First, polyacrylonitrile-based activated carbon fibers are surface-modified by nitric acid oxidation and grafting with disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate to impart strong ion exchange capabilities. Then, this modified fiber is packed into a fixed-bed adsorption column. Next, industrial boric acid is dissolved, pre-filtered, and the solution is passed through the adsorption column for dynamic adsorption purification, effectively removing Fe. 3+ Ca 2+ Cl ‑ SO4 2‑ Impurity ions are removed; finally, the product is obtained through programmed cooling crystallization, separation, and drying. This invention, through the synergistic effect of adsorption and ion exchange, achieves a boric acid main content ≥99.9% and reduces the impurity ion content to the ppm level while maintaining... 10 The boron isotope abundance is essentially unaffected, meeting the stringent requirements of Generation II and above nuclear power plants for boric acid used in safety and control systems. The process is stable and suitable for industrial production.

The invention discloses a device for recovering boric acid from an iron alloy XRF tabletting sample and a recovery method thereof, and relates to the technical field of analytical chemistry sample pretreatment and resource recovery. The recovery device comprises a base, a sample pretreatment mechanism, a leaching mechanism, a solid-liquid separation mechanism, an evaporation concentration mechanism, a complex reaction mechanism and a directional condensation trapping mechanism, wherein a master controller is fixedly mounted on the side wall of the base; the recovery method comprises the steps of sample pretreatment, leaching reaction, solid-liquid separation, evaporation and concentration, complexation reaction, vaporization and gradient condensation, boric acid trapping and desorption and purification. According to the method, volatilization, decomposition and impurity adsorption loss of boric acid in the operation process are reduced to the maximum extent, the boric acid recovery rate is effectively improved and is remarkably higher than that of a traditional method, meanwhile, the selective recovery capacity of boric acid is enhanced through introduction of the complexing agent and design of the special trapping trap, and interference of other coexisting components is reduced.

The invention relates to a method for recovering boron from boron-containing calcium salt waste residue, which comprises the following steps of: a, preparing slurry, namely adding a sintering aid into the boron-containing calcium salt waste residue, calcining and crushing at high temperature, and adding water to prepare the slurry; b, boric acid leaching is conducted, specifically, a leaching agent is added into the slurry, stirring is conducted, and a boron-containing solution is obtained; c, precipitating and filtering, namely filtering the leached slurry, heating and concentrating filtrate, and applying filter residues to industrial calcium fluoride production; step d, preparing boric acid, evaporating and concentrating the filtered filtrate, and adjusting the pH value to 1-5; and step e, crystallizing boric acid, cooling the filtrate to room temperature, separating out a crystal substance, filtering, washing and drying to obtain a boric acid product. According to the method, the cost of the enriched boron-10 acid is reduced, the benefits of enterprises are increased, the whole industrial chain development of the domestic enriched boron-10 acid is promoted, and solid waste resource utilization is realized while the solid waste treatment cost is reduced.

The invention relates to the technical field of nuclear power station boric acid preparation, and discloses a nuclear power station boric acid treatment preparation storage system, which comprises: a crystal treatment device, which comprises a pretreatment device and a feeding bin, the discharge port of the pretreatment device is communicated with the feed port of a feeding machine, and the feeding machine is installed on a conveying channel between the pretreatment device and the feeding bin; the solution preparation device comprises a batching box, the batching box is communicated with the feeding bin, and a liquid adding opening is formed in the batching box; the finished product storage device comprises a storage box, the storage box is communicated with the batching box, the storage box is communicated with a circulating pipeline, the two ends of the circulating pipeline are communicated with the storage box, and a circulating pump is installed on the circulating pipeline. A crystal treatment device, a solution preparation device and a finished product storage device are integrated and automatically linked, so that full-process automatic operation of boric acid treatment, preparation and storage is realized. Heavy physical labor of manually carrying a large number of boric acid crystals to a high position for preparation can be avoided, and the labor intensity and health risks of operators are reduced.

The present disclosure provides a method of preparing a target compound. The method includes the step of combining (A) an organosilicon component and (B) a catalyst including a boron cluster to give a mixture. The method further includes preparing a reaction mixture including the target compound from the mixture. The organosilicon component (A) includes (A1) a first organosilicon compound having a silicon-bonded C1-C4 alkyl group. When the first organosilicon compound (A1) does not include a silicon-bonded halogen atom, the organosilicon component (A) includes a second organosilicon compound (A2) including at least one silicon-bonded halogen atom. The disclosure further provides a reaction product prepared according to the method.

This invention provides a method and equipment for recovering lithium and boron resources based on the tailings of lithium beneficiation from Jalda stone, relating to the field of solid waste recycling. The lithium resource recovery method based on the tailings of lithium beneficiation from Jalda stone includes the following steps: S1, pulverizing the tailings of lithium beneficiation from Jalda stone to 80-120 mesh, uniformly mixing the powdered tailings with sodium carbonate at a mass ratio of 1:0.3-0.5, and calcining at 500-600℃ for 1.5-2 hours; S2, adding the calcined material and a dilute sulfuric acid solution with a mass fraction of 8%-12% at a solid-liquid ratio of 1:4-6 into an acid-resistant stirred reactor, reacting at 70-85℃ for 40-60 minutes, and then filtering to obtain leaching residue and leachate. The lithium resource recovery method based on Jardalite lithium beneficiation tailings provided by this invention uses Jardalite lithium beneficiation tailings to recover lithium and prepare battery-grade lithium carbonate through a phased leaching, deep purification, lithium carbonization precipitation, and high-temperature roasting process. This fully taps the residual lithium resources in the lithium beneficiation tailings and promotes the coordinated development of the lithium battery industry chain and the boron chemical industry.

The invention belongs to the technical field of lithium ion battery material preparation, and relates to an in-situ boron-fluorine co-doped ternary precursor and a preparation method and application thereof.The preparation method of the in-situ boron-fluorine co-doped ternary precursor comprises the following steps that 1, nickel salt, cobalt salt, manganese salt, a boron source, a fluorine source and deionized water are evenly mixed, and a mixed salt solution is obtained; and (2) mixing a sodium hydroxide solution, a complexing agent solution and the mixed salt solution obtained in the step (1) for reaction, performing solid-liquid separation on a reaction product to obtain a solid phase, and drying the solid phase to obtain the in-situ boron-fluorine co-doped ternary precursor. According to the preparation method, boron and fluorine doping elements are introduced in situ, so that the tap density of the in-situ boron-fluorine co-doped ternary precursor is improved, and the prepared boron-fluorine in-situ co-doped lithium ion battery positive electrode material has excellent electrochemical performance.

Provided are inorganic oxide hollow particles having a carbon content of 0.0060-0.055 mass%.

Electrochemically active particles suitable for use as an active material in a cathode of a lithium-ion electrochemical cell are provided, comprising: a plurality of crystallites comprising a first composition containing lithium, nickel, and oxygen; and grain boundaries between adjacent crystallites of the plurality of crystallites, the grain boundaries comprising a second composition containing lithium, nickel, and oxygen; wherein the grain boundaries have a greater electrochemical affinity for lithium than the crystallites. The higher electrochemical affinity for Li increases Li retention at the grain boundaries during charging compared to the bulk crystallites and stabilizes the structure of the grain boundaries and crystallites for improved cycling stability with little loss of capacity.

This application relates to the field of battery technology, and discloses a modified lithium titanium aluminum phosphate, its preparation method, and a lithium-ion battery. The modified lithium titanium aluminum phosphate comprises lithium titanium aluminum phosphate and a binary eutectic mixture. The binary eutectic mixture fills the interparticle spaces of the lithium titanium aluminum phosphate and / or adheres to the surface of the lithium titanium aluminum phosphate particles. The eutectic point of the binary eutectic mixture is in the temperature range of 450–600°C. The molecular formula of the lithium titanium aluminum phosphate is Li. 1+x Al x Ti 2‑x (PO4)3, where 0 < x ≤ 1. The modified lithium titanium aluminum phosphate of this application has higher density and ionic conductivity.

This invention belongs to the field of lithium extraction from salt lakes and discloses a method for extracting lithium and boron from low-grade salt lake brine. The method involves: pre-treating the salt lake brine by filtration to obtain pre-treated brine; performing a first-stage nanofiltration to obtain permeate; performing forward osmosis to obtain forward osmosis concentrate; performing a second-stage nanofiltration to obtain permeate; adjusting the pH of the mixture of the concentrate and the first-stage reverse osmosis concentrate to <4; and then performing electrodialysis to obtain a lithium chloride concentrate and a desalinated solution containing boric acid and lithium chloride; performing a first-stage bipolar membrane electrodialysis on the lithium chloride concentrate to obtain hydrochloric acid and lithium hydroxide; performing a first-stage reverse osmosis on the desalinated solution containing boric acid and lithium chloride to obtain first-stage reverse osmosis permeate; performing a second-stage reverse osmosis on the mixture of the desalinated solution and sodium hydroxide to obtain second-stage reverse osmosis concentrate; and performing a second-stage bipolar membrane electrodialysis to obtain boric acid and sodium hydroxide. This invention provides a process with high lithium and boron recovery rates, high purity, high reliability, and acid / alkali self-sufficiency.

The utility model discloses a mother liquor recycling device in a scyllo-inositol preparation process, which relates to the technical field of scyllo-inositol production, and is characterized in that ethanol in a scyllo-inositol mother liquor tank is distilled out through distillation, and dealcoholized feed liquid enters a first concentration and crystallization tank and is subjected to concentration and cooling crystallization; then filtering through a first filter to obtain mixed crystals of boric acid and scyllo-inositol, enabling the mixed crystals to enter a mixing tank, dissolving boric acid in purified water, enabling a boric acid aqueous solution to pass through a second filter, concentrating, cooling and crystallizing through a second concentrating and crystallizing tank, and then enabling the boric acid aqueous solution to pass through a third filter to obtain boric acid crystals. The boric acid is recycled, so that the economic benefit of the product is greatly improved, the waste is reduced, meanwhile, the discharge of hazardous wastes is reduced, and the method is environment-friendly.

The invention relates to the technical field of preparation of a lithium ion battery positive electrode material, in particular to a method for performing multifunctional surface modification on a high-rate battery ternary positive electrode material, which comprises the following steps of: synchronously constructing an oxygen vacancy defect and a B2O3 passivation layer on the surface of the positive electrode material through a combined process of aqueous solution coating pretreatment and reducing atmosphere high-temperature reaction; through a combined process of NaBH4 aqueous solution coating pretreatment and Ar / H2 atmosphere high-temperature reaction, the oxygen vacancy defect and the B2O3 passivation layer can be synchronously constructed on the surface of the positive electrode material only through two-step operation, complex equipment and tedious working procedures are not needed in the whole process, operation is easy and convenient, the process is efficient, no strict requirement on production equipment exists, the threshold and cost of industrial application are greatly reduced, and the method is suitable for industrial production. The problems that in the prior art, oxygen vacancies and passivation layers need to be prepared separately, the process is complex, and mutual influence is prone to occurring are solved. From the aspect of performance improvement, the constructed oxygen vacancy defect can effectively reduce the transmission potential barrier of lithium ions in positive electrode material crystal lattices, and the diffusion rate of the lithium ions is remarkably increased.

The utility model discloses a boron-containing solution evaporative crystallization device for boric acid recovery. The boron-containing solution evaporative crystallization device comprises a box body, a filtering mechanism used for filtering and crystallizing crystal mush is arranged in the box body, a material stirring mechanism used for stirring the crystal mush is further arranged on the inner side wall of the box body, a bottom plate is fixedly mounted at the bottom of the box body, and a recycling mechanism used for extracting boron is arranged at one end of the top of the bottom plate; through cooperative arrangement of the filtering mechanism and the stirring mechanism, crystal mush can be stirred in the filtering and crystallizing process, so that the crystal mush is uniformly separated during filtering, the required purity is improved, impurities are reduced, blockage is not caused in the separating and crystallizing process, the crystal mush is driven by adopting a stirring mode, and the crystal mush is prevented from being blocked. According to the device, uniform and rapid crystal separation operation is achieved, the requirements of people are met, rotation can be conducted through the filtering mechanism, crystals can be separated, and the material stirring operation can be completed by matching the material stirring mechanism with the filtering mechanism.

The application provides a ternary positive electrode material and a preparation method thereof, and a lithium ion battery, to provide a high-strength ternary positive electrode material, and avoid the problem of cycle performance decline caused by micro-cracks or breakage of the ternary positive electrode material due to lattice shrinkage and expansion in the charging-discharging process. The molecular general formula of the ternary positive electrode material is: Li 1+k Ni c Z d Co e Q f M g O2, -0.03≤k<1.0, c+d+e+f+g+k=1, 0.80≤c≤1.0, 0 The particle environmental stress micro-crack index of the ternary positive electrode material is not greater than (1-2d-2e)120% and not less than (1-2d-2e)30%, wherein S(P) is the specific surface area of the ternary positive electrode material after being pressed by a pressure P of 180-220 MPa, and S(P0) is the specific surface area of the ternary positive electrode material before being pressed.

A method of manufacturing a silicon-based anode active material and a manufacturing apparatus for performing the method, the method of manufacturing a silicon-based anode active material first prepares a plurality of silicon-based particles. Each of the silicon-based particles is coated with a carbon film. Next, the method of the present invention immerses the plurality of silicon-based particles in a solvent solution of a carrier and heats to a first temperature for a first length of time to obtain a plurality of lithium-containing silicon-based particles. Next, the method of the present invention heats the plurality of lithium-containing silicon-based particles to a second temperature for a second length of time in an inert atmosphere to homogenize the plurality of lithium-containing silicon-based particles. Finally, the method of the present invention immerses the homogenized plurality of lithium-containing silicon-based particles in a passivation agent environment and heats to a third temperature for a third length of time to passivate the homogenized plurality of lithium-containing silicon-based particles, i.e., to obtain a silicon-based anode active material.