The invention provides a
zinc-doped or pre-
sodium /
potassium-
zinc-doped hard carbon negative
electrode material as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps: weighing 2, 4-diaminophenol and
zinc salt, adding the 2, 4-diaminophenol and the zinc salt into a
solvent, and uniformly stirring and mixing; adding a
formaldehyde solution for water-bath heating and stirring reaction; and filtering, cleaning and
drying the product to obtain a sample, mixing the sample with hard carbon particles, calcining at high temperature, and cooling to obtain the zinc-doped hard carbon negative
electrode material. And further, carrying out
sodium pre-treatment or
potassium pre-treatment by adopting a DMC-Na or DMC-K solution to obtain the pre-
sodium /
potassium zinc doped hard carbon negative
electrode material. The zinc-doped hard carbon negative
electrode material has an expanded
graphite region and highly developed nanopores, and is high in
conductivity; after pre-sodium or pre-potassium treatment, hard carbon surface defects are remarkably improved, an SEI film is formed,
side reaction between
electrolyte and the hard carbon surface is further isolated, the dynamic performance of the material is remarkably improved, ICE is remarkably improved, and the cycle performance of the material is considered on the basis of dynamics.