The invention discloses a hearth temperature water-cooling control device for a large circulating fluidized bed boiler. By the adoption of the hearth temperature water-cooling control device for the large circulating fluidized bed boiler, the problem that the hearth temperature of a circulating fluidized bed boiler is slightly higher and difficult to control is solved. The hearth temperature water-cooling control device for the large circulating fluidized bed boiler comprises a hearth, a water-cooling partition wall, a steam pocket, connecting pipes, an upper header and a lower header, wherein the water-cooling partition wall, the steam pocket, the connecting pipes, the upper header and the lower header are located in the hearth. The hearth comprises a hearth roof, a front wall, a rear wall, a left side wall and a right side wall, wherein a rectangular cylinder is formed by the front wall, the rear wall, the left side wall and the right side wall. The water-cooling partition wall comprises a plurality of heat exchange pipes, abrasion-proof fins and flat steel, wherein the heat exchange pipes are arranged on the same plane in parallel, the flat steel is welded between every two adjacent heat exchange pipes, and the heat exchange pipes and the flat steel are arranged linearly; the abrasion-proof fins are welded to the two sides of each heat exchange pipe. The water-cooling partition wall horizontally extends to the middle of the hearth and vertically penetrates through the hearth. The upper end and the lower end of the water-cooling partition wall communicate with the upper header and the lower header correspondingly. The upper header and the lower header communicate with the steam pocket through the connecting pipes, and a circulation loop is formed. One side of the water-cooling partition wall is fixedly connected to the middle of the front wall of the hearth and is perpendicular to the front wall, and the other side of the water-cooling partition wall horizontally extends to the middle of the hearth.