The invention provides a traditional Chinese medicine composition for treating dysmenorrheal with deficiency of qi and blood. An oral preparation of the traditional Chinese medicine composition is prepared from the following raw medicinal materials including radix codonopsis pilosulae, herbs of shorthorned epimedium, Chinese yams, Chinese dodder seeds, common macrocarpium fruits, Chinese angelica, motherwort herbs, trogopterus dung, milkvetch roots, Chinese taxillus twigs, cortex moutan, morinda officinalis how, palmleaf raspberry fruits, myrrh, dragon blood, Chinese wolfberries, white peony roots, Chinese trumpetcreeper flowers, nutgrass galingale rhizome, rhizoma corydalis, salvia, ligusticum wallichii, suberect spatholobus stems and peach seeds; an external-applied preparation of the traditional Chinese medicine composition is prepared from the following raw medicinal materials including common cnidium fruits, motherwort herbs, herbs of whiteflower patrinia, himalayan teasel roots, diverse wormwood herbs, salvia, combined spicebush roots, dragon blood, suberect spatholobus stems, argy wormwood leaves, rhizoma corydalis and safflowers. The traditional Chinese medicine composition has the two-way regulation action on a uterus, namely, excitation-contraction is caused when the uterus is in a normal state, relaxation is caused and circulation is improved when the uterus is in a spasticity state, has the action of strengthening the cellular immunity of an organism, and thus the purposes of promoting endometrial shedding and repair, facilitating to recover the period, the amount, the color and the quality of menstruation, clinically treating the dysmenorrheal and treating disease from the root.