160 results about "Slow reactions" patented technology

A method for lignocellulose conversion to sugar with improvements in yield and rate of sugar production has been developed by using ionic liquid pretreatment. This new pretreatment strategy substantially improves the efficiency (in terms of yield and reaction rates) of saccharification of lignocellulosic biomass. Cellulose and hemicellulose, when hydrolyzed into their sugars, can be converted into ethanol fuel through well established fermentation technologies. These sugars also form the feedstocks for production of variety of chemicals and polymers. The complex structure of biomass requires proper pretreatment to enable efficient saccharification of cellulose and hemicellulose components to their constituent sugars. Current pretreatment approaches suffer from slow reaction rates of cellulose hydrolysis (by using the enzyme cellulase) and low yields.

Methods of assessing driver behavior include monitoring vehicle systems and driver monitoring systems to accommodate for a driver's slow reaction time, attention lapse and / or alertness. When it is determined that a driver is drowsy, for example, the response system may modify the operation of one or more vehicle systems. The systems that may be modified include: visual devices, audio devices, tactile devices, antilock brake systems, automatic brake prefill systems, brake assist systems, auto cruise control systems, electronic stability control systems, collision warning systems, lane keep assist systems, blind spot indicator systems, electronic pretensioning systems and climate control systems.

A preferred embodiment of the inventive fluid delivery system comprises a vertical liquid / vapor separator and riser assembly that comprises a multi-phase separator inlet, a vapor outlet and riser, and a liquid outlet port connected to a hydraulically-driven centrifugal pump. By controlling the operational speed of the pump, the level of the separated liquid within the separator can be controlled without the need for control valves. The vertical separator is capable of low pressure operation and large variations in controlled liquid levels within the separator, allowing the relatively slow reaction time pump to control the liquid level from low pressure wells penetrating low pressure reservoirs.

The invention relates to a composite decarbonization solution for reclaiming the carbon dioxide in the exhaust gas, wherein the component and the mass percent of the composite are that: 20-60 percent of composite amines solution, wherein one or more fast reaction rate amines with a low concentration and one or more slow reaction rate amines with a high concentration are comprised; 5-10 percent of Polyxinolum; 1-5 percent of antioxidant; 1-5 percent of inhibitor; and the rest is water. The invention has the advantage of a large absorbing capability to CO2, a high degree of purification, a light causticity, a little consume of the solution and a lower recycling energy consumption. High concentration CO2 for gas injection oil-recovery can be obtained.

A method for lignocellulose conversion to sugar with improvements in yield and rate of sugar production has been developed by using ionic liquid pretreatment. This new pretreatment strategy substantially improves the efficiency (in terms of yield and reaction rates) of saccharification of lignocellulosic biomass. Cellulose and hemicellulose, when hydrolyzed into their sugars, can be converted into ethanol fuel through well established fermentation technologies. These sugars also form the feedstocks for production of variety of chemicals and polymers. The complex structure of biomass requires proper pretreatment to enable efficient saccharification of cellulose and hemicellulose components to their constituent sugars. Current pretreatment approaches suffer from slow reaction rates of cellulose hydrolysis (by using the enzyme cellulase) and low yields.

The invention discloses a method for preparing novel polyaspartic ester, in particular a method for preparing a component for slow reaction type polyurea paints. The method comprises the following concrete steps of: 1) performing a catalytic reaction of dicarboxylic ester and primary amine to obtain a Michael additive product; and 2) adding epoxy resin into the product obtained in the step 1) to obtain the novel polyaspartic ester after reaction. The method for preparing the novel polyaspartic ester shortens the reaction time, improves the reaction conversion ratio, and conveniently realizes industrial preparation. Due to the adoption of the method, the problems of low conversion ratio in short time, long synthesis time, failure of timely delivery, difficult industrial production or low product performance after solidification in the prior art are solved. The novel polyaspartic ester has high tensile strength and high elongation rate.

The invention discloses a method and a system for code management based on distributed collaborative development environment. The method includes cloning a public version base from a remote server to a local place to generate a local version base, locally conducting code updating on the local version base, judging whether current public version base is updated or not compared with the cloning one, combining updated content of the current public version base relative to the cloning one into the local version base subjected to code updating to obtain a newest version base and combining the newest local version base into the current public version base on yes judgment, and combining the local version base subjected code updating into the current public version base on no judgment. The method and the system can overcome the shortcomings of slow reaction, poor real time performance and partial unrealizable function caused by severe burden on the server caused by complex check-in check-out operation of codes under the current distributed collaborative development environment.

The invention discloses a bi-component slow-reaction polyurea and a preparation method thereof. Isocyanate prepolymer and annular sterically hindered amine are used for preparing the bi-component slow-reaction polyurea, a component A is preferably made of TDI (toluene 2,4-diisocyanate) and N-220, chain extender in a component B is made of annular sterically hindered amine mixture and filler, and the annular sterically hindered amine is mainly prepared by combining aliphatics and aromatics. The bi-component slow-reaction polyurea is excellent in tensile strength, tear strength, breaking elongation, low-temperature bendability, shock resistance, flexibility and bonding strength and peel strength with base materials, and further has the advantages of fine operable time and coating performance. Further, the bi-component slow-reaction polyurea is fine in infiltration performance, low in internal stress of coatings, high in adhesive force, accordant with the environment protection requirements, suitable for small-field construction and low in cost, can be used as a lapping material, and can be also used for repairing spray polyurea coatings.

The invention relates to a liquid double reagent diagnostic reagent kit for determining the content of potassium ions in serum and blood plasma. By using the reaction principle that phosphoenolpyruvic acid (PEP) can be catalyzed by K+dependency pyruvate kinase (PK) to be converted into pyruvic acid and taking lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) as indicator enzyme by means of NADH, the reagent kit detects the reduction amount of the NADH at 340 nm and obtains the result that the change of the absorbance every minute (delta / min) is directly proportional to the content of K+, thereby establishing an enzyme coupling method for continuously determining the potassium ions. In addition, enzyme and a primer system required by slowly generating reduction type nicotinoyl coenzyme are added in a system andan enzyme-primer-coenzyme slow reaction system is formed in a reagent, so that the coenzyme can be slowly and circularly supplemented and the reagent can be stabilized when the concentration reaches a certain balance. The liquid double reagent diagnostic reagent kit is convenient and concise to use, carries out rapid detection on a common ultraviolet / visible light analyzer or a semiautomatic / fully-automatic chemical analyzer, needs no special or extra instrument and has low cost.

An improved acidization solution is provided which comprises water and one or more esters or polyesters of hydroxy acid or of glycerol. The solution may include, for example, ethyl lactate and pure water or a brine. The hydrolysis of the esters or polyesters occurs at a slower reaction rate than that of several other known acidization esters, such as diethyleneglycol diformate, at temperatures higher than 60° C. or even higher than 100° C. Thus, the acidization solution may be distributed substantially throughout a region in a well where acidization is required before hydrolysis is completed, despite being exposed to relatively high temperatures. The hydrolysis may result in the slow release of an acid that is capable of consuming all or most of an undesirable substance in the well, e.g., a filter cake.

An improved acidization method is provided in which an aqueous solution comprising one or more esters or polyesters of lactic acid or of glycerol is placed in a well where the esters or polyesters undergo hydrolysis. The hydrolysis of the esters or polyesters occurs at a slower reaction rate than that of several other known acidization esters, such as diethyleneglycol diformate, at temperatures higher than 60° C. or even higher than 100° C. Thus, the solution may be distributed substantially throughout a region in the well where acidization is required before hydrolysis is completed, despite being exposed to relatively high temperatures. The hydrolysis may result in the slow release of an acid that is capable of consuming all or most of an undesirable substance in the well, e.g., a filter cake.

A hydrophilic chain extender of sulfonic acid type which pertains to chemical product, and preparation thereof. The invention mainly aims to solve the problems of slow reaction rate of hydrophilic chain extender used in aqueous polyurethanel industry, low content of aqueous resin, low heat resistance, low adhesion strength when applying to adhesive. The eligible product is obtained by fully dissolving multi-amine such as 0.5-1.5 parts of ethylenediamine into solvent, reacting with olefin sulfonate such as 5-9 parts of vinyl sodium sulfonate solution with about 25% of water for 4-30 hours at the temperature of 40-100 DEG C., vacuum distilling to remove solvent, dissolving with water, alcohol or ketone, vacuum distilling to remove all solvent for another time after deposition and filter. Stability treatment for storage is further carried out by adding water. The final product is slightly turbid vicous liquid in light yellow color and oil state, with density at 1.16-1.21 g / ml, pH at 11-12, content of ammonia at 6.9+-0.9g NH3 / 100g, effective content 40-55%. The invention can widely used into production of aqueous polyurethane of different fields, which has a fast reaction rate, high yield, highly enhanced content of solid in prepared aqueous resin, and obviously improved resistance of heat, acid, alkali, hard water, and is greatly beneficial for preparation of adhesive.

The invention provides a novel process for preparing p-phenylene diisocyanate (PPDI) based on phosgene, which relates to a process for preparing chemical raw materials, in particular to a novel process for preparing the p-phenylene diisocyanate (PPDI). The process comprises the following steps: 1, hydrochloric acid formation reaction; 2, salifying reaction; and 3, photochemical reaction which is to transfer a mixture solution of para-phenylene diamine dihydrochloride-o-dichlorohenzene to a photochemical kettle, control the temperature, introduce the phosgene in an infinite reflux state to react, determine that the reaction is terminated after reaction materials are settled, introduce quantitative nitrogen to remove acid, sample and analyze the reactant, and obtain the p-phenylene diisocyanate PPDI through rectifying, crystallizing, centrifugating, drying, packaging or refining, slicing and packaging when the acidity content is qualified. In the process, a reasonable salifying reactioncondition is customized to avoid slow reaction of a prepolymer, complicated reaction mechanism, and easy generation of side products and adverse factors influencing the reaction in the next step.

An improved acidization method is provided in which an aqueous solution comprising one or more esters or polyesters of lactic acid or of glycerol is placed in a well where the esters or polyesters undergo hydrolysis. The hydrolysis of the esters or polyesters occurs at a slower reaction rate than that of several other known acidization esters, such as diethyleneglycol diformate, at temperatures higher than 60° C. or even higher than 100° C. Thus, the solution may be distributed substantially throughout a region in the well where acidization is required before hydrolysis is completed, despite being exposed to relatively high temperatures.

The invention discloses an anti-interference method and a device for detection of a touch screen, a touch sensor and a touch terminal. The method comprises the following steps of judging whether the touch terminal enters a charging state or not; when the touch terminal enters the charging state, detecting whether a touch signal which acts on the touch screen of the touch terminal exists or not; when the touch signal is detected, judging whether the touch area of the touch signal is smaller than a first presetting value or not; when the touch area of the touch signal is smaller than the first presetting value, judging the touch signal as an interference signal, and giving up to process the touch signal. The device comprises a charging state judging unit, a touch signal detection unit and an interference signal filtering unit. The method and the device have the advantages that the problems of slow reaction, point jumping and failure of the touch screen in the charging state are solved, and the interference of electric charging on the detection of the touch screen is eliminated.

The invention discloses a health care beverage that has effects of relieving alcoholism, protecting liver, invigorating spleen and nourishing stomach and a preparation method thereof. The health care beverage of the invention mainly consists of the following constituents based on proportions by weight: 2-8 portions of honey, 0.5-2 portions of royal jelly, 0.1-0.6 portion of bee glue and 4-12 portions of haw. The beverage of the invention can not only rapidly ease or reverse varied drunken symptoms of headache, dizziness, nausea, vomiting, inappetence, blurred vision, slow reaction, etc. but also supplement varied nutrients that are short in human body in time to improve human immunity and rapidly repair harm to the human body caused by alcohol. Besides, the beverage of the invention has unique flavor, pleasant sweetness and sourness but no toxicity or side effects, thereby being easily accepted by different groups of people.

The invention provides a method for preparing nano hydrated calcium silicate using silican fume as siliceous materials, and solves the problems of slow reaction rate, harsh reaction conditions, low SiO2 reaction degree, low yield, unstable raw material components, and relatively large structure and performance differences of the produced hydrated calcium silicate if current siliceous materials are used as raw materials for the hydrated calcium silicate. The method comprises utilizing the silican fume as siliceous materials and calcium oxide as calcareous materials, with water being added, mixing them in a reaction vessel, and getting the nano hydrated calcium silicate through stirring, hydrothermal reacting, ultrasonic treating, centrifugally separating and vacuum drying. The silican fume used as siliceous materials provided by the invention has advantages of wide source, low price, large specific surface area, strong adsorptivity, mild reaction condition and low impurity content, and thus can be produced into high-purity nano-powder. According to the invention, calcium-silicon ratio, reaction temperature and time can be regulated to control particle sizes of products, thereby obtaining products with excellent performance.

Domestic uses of hot water are cooking, cleaning, bathing, and space heating. However, boiling water burns and even below 88° C. burns from hot water, commonly referred to as scalding, occur quickly in a matter of seconds. Even at lower temperatures whilst the time for burns increases for older people and children serious scalds can still occur due to disabilities or slow reaction times. Accordingly, embodiments of the invention provide visual indications of the temperature of water within a faucet or provide an in-line thermal restrictor.

The invention belongs to the field of water supply treatment and disinfection, and particularly relates to a device and a method for online measurement of dynamic chlorine demand of conditioning water. The technical scheme disclosed by the invention is that the existing four-way stay spectrometer is improved, and an online control unit is added to form an online stay spectrum device. The method comprises the following steps: accurately measuring the concentration of residual effective chlorine of the chlorine and the conditioning water after a period of time of reaction by the online stay spectrum device on line; dividing reaction of the chlorine and the conditioning water into rapid reaction and slow reaction by linear regression fitting of a logarithmic value and reaction time of the residual effective chlorine; building a calculation formula of short-term chlorine demand on the conditioning water at the rapid reaction stage and long-term chlorine demand on the conditioning water at the slow reaction stage; and calculating the dynamic chlorine demand of the conditioning water according to the demand on a residual chlorine value at the tail end of a pipe network and the stay time, thus the pre-stage control of the fed chlorine can be achieved; the economical efficiency and the security of the fed chlorine are achieved, and water supply security is effectively guaranteed.

A reagent for detecting the activity of adenosine deaminase and its isozymes in body fluid specimen by enzyme method is prepared from the oxidation-type micotinamide coenzyme or its analog, and substrate to generate the slow-reaction enzyme-substrate-DNA (or NADP) system.

An explosion-proof polyurea material provided by the invention comprises a component A and a component B, and the slow-reaction and low-viscosity component A of the explosion-proof polyurea material is prepared by polymerizing aliphatic isocyanate having a low reactivity and a polyol and controlling the isocyanate (-NCO) content in a suitable range; and the low-viscosity, low-reactivity and high-strength component B of the explosion-proof polyurea material is prepared by using slow-reactivity fatty amine or / and aliphatic polyol having a sterically hindered structure as a chain extender, addinga low-reactivity polyol resin and a low-viscosity polyaspartate and adding various additives for adjusting the properties. The explosion-proof polyurea material provided by the invention has the characteristics of low viscosity, slow reaction speed and high strength, can be sprayed by a small static mixing device, does not require a traditional large-scale special spraying device, and is very flexible and convenient to use, so the applicable range of the explosion-proof polyurea material is greatly expanded.

The invention provides a film laminating machine to overcome the disadvantages of no mechanism for rapidly replacing reels, low operating efficiency, poor precision, slow reaction, and high labor intensity in hand-operated alignment of the film laminating machine in the prior color coating production line. The film laminating provided by the invention comprises an uncoiler (1), a loop (2), and a stitching machine (3), wherein the uncoiler is fixed on the pedestal of the loop (2), and the stitching machine (3) is arranged in the production line. The film laminating machine with the above structure can rapidly replace reels, continuously work, automatically align, automatically flatten, and possesses temperature adjusting function, substantially enhances the work efficiency, and saves the production cost.

The invention discloses in-situ adsorption-microelectrolysis-catalytic oxidation sewage treatment equipment and method, belonging to the technical field of sewage treatment in environment engineering. The in-situ adsorption-microelectrolysis-catalytic oxidation sewage treatment equipment is characterized in that adsorption equipment, electrolysis equipment and catalytic oxidation equipment are integrated so as to gather enable pollutants to be gathered from a low-concentration water phase onto an adsorbent; by using the favorable electric conductivity, the adsorbent is used as a complexly polarized three-dimensional electrode to form countless micro electrolytic baths, so that the organic pollutants are electrolyzed while organic matters are adsorbed, and adsorption active sites are continuously regenerated; and by utilizing an electric insulation material, the three-dimensional electrode is complexly polarized and has a high-class oxidation catalyst function at the same time, so that a gas oxidant dissolved in water and an oxidant generated by side reaction of the electrode form a high-class oxidant to efficiently remove the organic pollutants. According to the equipment and the method, the problems of slow reaction speed, low space-time efficiency, low current efficiency and low pollutant degradation efficiency in the conventional electrolytic reactors are solved, and an excellent market prospect is provided.

The invention discloses a preparation method of rosin modified phenolic printing ink resin, which uses a one-step synthetic process. The method comprises the following steps that reactants such as rosin, phenols and formaldehyde react to generate phenolic resin, and then the phenolic resin is reacted with polyhydric alcohols under the condition of high temperature so as to obtain the rosin modified phenolic printing ink resin. By the method, the problems of slow reaction and long reaction time of the rosin and the polyhydric alcohols in the prior art are solved. Through the addition of an esterification reaction catalyst, the esterification reaction time is shortened, the production efficiency is increased, the energy consumption and the cost are reduced, and the economic benefit is increased.

The invention relates to a preparation method of beta-diketone; Claisen condensation reaction is adopted; the chemical general expression of the beta-diketone is R1COCH2COR2, wherein, R1 is C6-C12 alkyl, and R2 is phenyl or alkylphenyl; the method comprises the following steps: ester, phenyl ketone and partial solvent are pre-mixed for spare; a condensating agent and remaining solvent are added in a reactor, and the temperature is raised under nitrogen atmosphere; during the period when the temperature of the reactor is raised to the needed temperature of the condensation reaction, the pre-mixed material is dropwise added in the reactor for carrying out the condensation reaction with a system which is composed of the condensating agent and the remaining solvent under an infinite reflux condition; after the pre-mixed material is dropwise added, heat-preserving condensation reaction is carried out continuously under the infinite reflux condition. The ester and the condensating agent in the raw material are contacted when the reacting condition is achieved, and acylation reaction is slow reaction, relative to the Claisen condensation reaction, thus being capable of better solving the acidylation problem of the ester, and reducing the effect of the acylation reaction to the minimum; the yield of the beta-diketone is more than or equal to 90 percent.

The invention provides a static cracking agent expansion pressure and temperature testing integrated device. The static cracking agent expansion pressure and temperature testing integrated device comprises supporting legs, a base, a hydraulic jack, a left stand column, a right stand column, a top seat, a guide rod, an upper fixing plate, an upper sealing piston, a pressure cell, a supporting limiting nut, a cylinder barrel and a pressure gauge; exhaust passages communicated with the interior of the cylinder barrel are arranged in the upper sealing piston and the upper fixing plate, sealing bolts are arranged at the outer ports of the exhaust passages, a mounting hole is formed in the side part of the cylinder barrel in a radial direction, and a thermometer is arranged in the mounting hole.The invention further discloses a testing method of the static cracking agent expansion pressure and temperature testing integrated device. The device can achieve the purpose of testing the expansionpressure and temperature in the hydration process of static cracking agents with different properties, is easy to carry, high in testing efficiency and testing speed and low in testing cost, can be used repeatedly, can be applied to different environments, and is suitable for testing the expansion pressure and temperature of the static cracking agents in different fast and common slow reactions.

The invention relates to the micro-interconnecting technology in the field of microelectronic encapsulation, in particular to an iron-nickel coating layer with good weldability taken as a solder ball bump connecting metalizing (transition) layer in the microelectronic encapsulation and the application thereof. The invention can be widely applied to the industry of microelectronic encapsulation, is particularly suitable for the BGA and other types of high-density micro-interconnecting technology, and in particular can be taken as a base plate or a bonding pad metalizing layer on a printing circuit board and a ball bump lower metal layer in the flip chip interconnection, and the like. The invention plates an iron-nickel alloy layer on a copper (or a nickel) layer by adopting the plating method; the weight percentage of iron is 5 to 80 percent; and the thickness of the coating layer and the content of an iron element can be adjusted according to the requirements. The coating layer has good weldability, antioxygenic property and very slow reaction rate in the liquid reaction of a solder ball bump. Under the condition of higher temperature, a very thin and smooth compound layer is generated between the coating layer and a solder; and the connecting interface of the coating layer and the solder ball bump has better mechanic reliability.

The invention discloses a roll diameter calculation device for printing equipment. The roll diameter calculation device comprises an encoder mounted on a winding and unwinding motor and a frequency converter, wherein the encoder is further connected with a high-speed counting module through a data line, the winding and unwinding motor is further sequentially connected with a winding and unwinding speed reducer and a winding and unwinding roll, the high-speed counting module is connected with a PLC (programmable logic controller), and the PLC is connected with the frequency converter. The roll diameter calculation device solves the problems of poor roll diameter measurement precision, slow reaction to roll diameter changes and poor stability in the prior art. The invention further discloses a method for calculating a roll diameter by using the roll diameter calculation device. Firstly, the number n of pulses transmitted by the encoder on the winding and unwinding motor is detected, and then the obtained number n of the pulses is sent to the PLC for calculation, so that the roll diameter d is obtained.

The invention discloses a polysilicate aluminum-titanium and chitosan composite flocculant. The polysilicate aluminum-titanium and chitosan composite flocculant is characterized by comprising an environment-friendly chitosan solution and a polysilicate aluminum-titanium solution, so that the environment-friendly and high-efficiency effects are realized. The polysilicate aluminum-titanium and chitosan composite flocculant is prepared by the following steps of (1) acidifying sodium silicate by sulfuric acid with certain concentration, stirring by water bath, aging, and the like, so as to prepare polysilicate; (2) preparing an aluminum salt solution, a titanium salt solution and a chitosan acetate solution; (3) blending with the polysilicate according to certain ratio, so as to prepare polysilicate aluminum-titanium salt; (4) adding the chitosan acetate solution, and aging, so as to obtain polysilicate aluminum-titanium and chitosan; (5) drying, and crushing. The polysilicate aluminum-titanium and chitosan composite flocculant provided by the invention has the advantages that by comprising the natural organic matter of chitosan and the polysilicate aluminum-titanium solution, the preparation method is simple, the property is stable, the problems of large usage amount of inorganic flocculant, poor bridging action, slower reaction speed of organic flocculant and high agent cost are solved, and the application prospect is broad.