The invention provides a water-based, environment-friendly and high-temperature coating and relates to the technical field of chemical coatings. The coating comprises, in parts by mass, 20-40 parts of water-based polyether sulfone resin, 20-40 parts of water-based polyamide imide resin, 5-15 parts of water-based silicone resin, 1-5 parts of polytetrafluoroethylene resin, 5-15 parts of an ether solvent, 1-5 parts of a pigment, 5-20 parts of filler, 0.1-1 part of a wetting agent, 0.1-1 part of an antifoaming agent and 10-30 parts of deionized water. The coating has outstanding comprehensive performance, prominent hardness, rich gloss, excellent high temperature resistance, higher salt fog resistance, high resistance to water, steam, oil, solvents and chemicals, excellent adhesive force and toughness, and besides, the preparation method is simple and easy, medium in cost, particularly higher in cost performance and suitable for mass preparation.