38results about How to "Improve soil physical and chemical properties" patented technology

The invention discloses an organic-inorganic improvement fertilizer for saline-alkali soil and a preparation method thereof. The organic-inorganic improvement fertilizer is prepared from, 20-30 parts of bentonite, 20-30 parts of zeolite, 20-30 parts of flue gas desulfurization gypsum, 10-20 parts of dehydrated sludge, 20-30 parts of humic acid, 10-20 parts of coal ash, 20-30 parts of ardealite, 10-20 parts of peat, 10-20 parts of straw meal, 10-20 parts of animal waste, 2-8 parts of microbial inoculation bacteria and 2-5 parts of emulsified asphalt. The invention further provides a preparation method of the organic-inorganic improvement fertilizer for saline-alkali soil. According to the organic-inorganic improvement fertilizer, the physicochemical character of soil can be improved, soil permeability and moisture and fertilizer preservation can be improved, the soil ion exchange rate can be improved, the PH value can be buffered, the chemical fertilizer consumption can be reduced, the crop yield can be improved, the product quality can be improved, the soil improvement effect can be improved, and the soil improvement cycle can be shortened.

The invention relates to a method using charcoal for promoting anaerobic digestion of sludge to produce methane, and the method comprises the following steps: (1) adding 0.5 to 5% by volume of the dry charcoal powder into the sludge to obtain a mixed material, adjusting the mixed material pH value to 7.5-8; and (2) putting the mixed material into a sealed anaerobic digestion device for anaerobic digestion of the sludge in the condition of an intermediate temperate of 30-40 DEG C or a high temperature of 50 to 60 DEG C by means of stirring. Compared with the prior art, the charcoal powder is used as an adding material, organic matters in the sludge are fully recycled and reused, the environment pollution is reduced, the sludge anaerobic digestion time is brought forward by 15-25%, the methane production yield is increased by 40-60%; the method is simple in operation, low in investment and treatment cost, and conductive to reducing environment pollution of the sludge, separation of organic remains produced by the anaerobic digestion of the sludge and the charcoal is not needed, and the organic remains can be directly applied to soil as a soil conditioner.

A method for rapidly fertilizing a newly reclaimed camellia oleifera young forest land in a red soil hilly region comprises the following steps: (1), a fertilized forest land is selected: an acid-soil slope with the slope degree lower than 25 degrees is selected on a sunny slope or a half-sunny slope of the red soil hilly region for building a camellia oleifera forest land serve as a rapid fertilizing object; (2), full reclamation of terraced soil is performed, and grass is planted on terrace walls for protection; (3), two seasons of grass or green manure are planted or applied each year. The method has the functions as follows: water and soil loss of the newly reclaimed camellia oleifera young forest land in the red soil hilly region in the south is prevented and controlled, the physical and chemical properties of soil are improved, the newly reclaimed camellia oleifera young forest land in the red soil hilly region is rapidly fertilized, and camellia oleifera growth is promoted.

The invention provides a rotten organic material fermented from sucrose filter mud and a preparation method thereof. The rotten organic material fermented from sucrose filter mud comprises the following components in parts by mass: 1 part of filter mud, 0.1-0.15 part of bagasse pith, 0.025-0.04 part of peanut press pulp, 0.05-0.08 part of total bran, 0.025-0.04 part of bran coat and 0.003-0.004 part of bacterium powder. The preparation method comprises the following steps: evenly mixing bacterium powder and total bran, sequentially adding bran coat and peanut press pulp, evenly mixing, finally, adding bagasse pith, and evenly mixing to obtain a master batch; and sufficiently stirring and evenly mixing filter mud and the master batch, piling the mixture into a rectangular trapezoidal stack, heating and keeping the temperature for several days, overturning the pipe, and standing for several days to normal temperature, thereby obtaining the rotten organic material. The rotten organic material can provide nutrients for plants, improve the physicochemical characters of the soil, enhance the water and fertility retention capacity of the soil, increase the utilization ratio of the fertilizer, promote the plant growth and enhance the plant yield and product quality. The invention has the advantages of simple technique, low cost, low energy consumption by fermentation and short fermentation time.

The invention relates to a method for converting bamboo shells and pecan hulls into organic fertilizers to radically treat environmental pollution by utilizing a biotechnology. The method comprises the following steps of: fermenting pulverized pecan hulls and bamboo shells by utilizing a biological fermentation technology to ensure that acescent bamboo shells and alkaliferous pecan hulls neutralize the pH values of each other in the fermenting process; killing germs and pests in the shells and the hulls by utilizing high temperature generated in the fermenting process and curing and decomposing cellulose and lignin in litters; adding 0.2 percent of complex lively bacterial preparation to a fermented shell and hull mixture; well controlling the temperature and the humidity to decompose the fermented material and conserve nitrogen and accelerating the decomposition of the cellulose and the lignin to ensure that the shells and the hulls are soft and loose to increase the bacterium content of the complex lively bacteria, which is beneficial to the maturation of the organic fertilizer. The method has simple preparation and can achieve the purpose of converting the discarded bamboo shells and the pecan hulls by famers in native places, thereby radically overcoming hazards brought by agricultural wastes to the environment.

The invention discloses a method for improving the yield and the quality of melons through in-situ intercropping. The method comprises the following specific steps of: plowing the farmland to carry out soil preparation, ditching and rising beds of 160cm, and plowing flatly the beds or forming a bed surface in a shape of turtle back, wherein the width of each bed is 120cm, and the width of each ditch is 40cm; carrying out frame cultivation on the melon, transplanting after culturing large seedlings, and transplanting two rows of seedlings in each bed, wherein the plant distance is 45-50cm, and the line space is 90-100cm; laying a support when the vine of the melon grows to 15-20cm at the vine growing initial stage of the melon, and guiding the vine onto the support when the vine of the melon grows to 50-70cm; paving a beer residue feed bed with the width of 100-120cm and the height of 6-10cm on the ground flatly among lines of melon plants after 7-9 days; inoculating earthworms according to the amount of 1300-1500 pieces per square meter after 10-15 days; and recycling the earthworms after the melon is harvested, and turning over the waste beer residue under the farmland to increase the soil organic matters and improve the soil fertility. After the method disclosed by the invention is adopted to plant the melons, the physical and chemical properties of soil are improved and the side-products earthworms are harvested; and meanwhile, the yield, the nutrient content and the like of the melon are improved, the cost can be reduced, high-quality and safer fruits can be produced, and multiple economic benefits are obtained.

A comprehensive active microbe coated slow release compound fertilizer comprises following materials by weight: 20-25 parts of urea, 20-25 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 18-20 parts of potassium sulfate, 15-25 parts of sodium cellulosate of 80-100 mesh, 30-40 parts of chicken manure fermentation fertilizer, 15-25 parts of carbon powder, 10-20 parts of calcium superphosphate, 10-20 parts of diatomite, 5-15 parts of solid inocula, and 5-15 parts of environment sensitive type hydrogel. The comprehensive active microbe coated slow release compound fertilizer and preparation method thereof can overcome defects of the existing slow release compound fertilizer, can implement multiple slow releases and controlled releases via coated controlled release, adsorption slow release and bio-type slow release so that the crops can get necessary fertilizer and nutrients in the growth cycle, and grow normally in every development period.

The invention provides a process of treating municipal sludge with compound gel synergistic with biotechnology and using the municipal sludge in a resource mode. A preparing method of the compound gel includes the following steps that A, mixed alkalis are weighed and put in a reactor, magnetized water is added to prepare a mixed alkali solution, acrylic acid is added on the water bath condition and stirred to obtain a neutralized solution; B, a crosslinking agent, bentonite and an initiating agent are sequentially added into the neutralized solution and stirred to obtain a to-be-polymerized solution; C, the to-be-polymerized solution is subjected to a polymerization reaction, washed and dried to obtain the compound gel material. The process belongs to the technical field of environmental protection, and the provided compound gel has the advantages of good adsorptive performance, large adsorptive capacity and the like. According to the process of treating the municipal sludge with the compound gel synergistic with biotechnology and using the municipal sludge in the resource mode, the sludge is used as a raw material for preparing slow-release fertilizer, waste is turned into wealth, and the prepared slow-release fertilizer has the advantages of improving soil physical and chemical properties, preserving moisture and fertility, promoting plant growth and the like.

The invention discloses a full-functional soil heavy metal restoration agent, which is prepared from the following raw materials (by weight): 40-45 parts of rice chaff ash, 6-7 parts of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, 10-12 parts of sawdust, 13-15 parts of lobster powder, 2-3 parts of silicon oxide, 95-100 parts of seeded sunflower disc, 30-35 parts of dried rabbit dung powder, 15-16 parts of kaolin, 6-7 parts of calcium carbonate, 32-36 parts of slash pine needle and a proper amount of water. The soil restoration agent has a significant improvement effect of heavy metal adsorption and passivation. By chemical bond combination of raw materials such as a charcoal matrix, silicon oxide, organic acid and the like, degradation ability of organic pollutants such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon by indigenous microorganisms in soil can be greatly enhanced. With the addition of rice chaff ash and sawdust, etc., content of organic matter in soil is also increased, and soil quality is improved. The product is a full-functional restoration agent for comprehensive improvement of heavy metal pollution, organic pollution and chemical and physical properties of soil.

The invention relates to a prevention and treatment method for powdery mildew of panax notoginseng, comprising following steps: 1. ecological management: 1) applying greenhouse type fertilizer of Difulai with amount from 200 to 400 milliliters per Mu; 2) during the whole growth period, applying fertilizer of High Yield Technology from 2 to 4 times with amount as follows: HYT-A 200 to 250 milliliters per Mu, HYT-B 250 to 350 milliliters per Mu, and HYT-C 100 to 120 grams per Mu; 3. applying trace fertilizer of Chinese medicine one month before autumn blooming with application amount from 20 to 25 grams per Mu; 2. agricultural prevention and treatment; 3. biological prevention and treatment; 4. biological control; 5. physical prevention and treatment; 6. chemical prevention and treatment. By use of the ecological management, agricultural prevention and treatment, biological control, physical prevention and treatment and chemical prevention and treatment, the morbidity of powdery mildew of panax notoginseng is greatly reduced and quality and quantity of panax notoginseng are increased.

The invention relates to a comprehensive prevention and control method for grape brown blotch. The comprehensive prevention and control method comprises the following steps: firstly, ecological management: (1) applying a Difulai fruit tree fertilizer, wherein the using amount of the fertilizer per mu is 200-400 ml, (2) applying HYT(High Yield Technology), wherein the using amount of the HYT per mu is HYT-A 200-250 ml, HYT-B 250-350 ml and HYT-C 100-120 g, and the HYT is used for 2-4 times in the whole growth period, and (3) applying a traditional Chinese medicine trace fertilizer in the period of two months before ripening of grape, wherein the using amount of the fertilizer per mu is 20-25 g; secondly, agricultural prevention and control; thirdly, biological control; fourthly, biological prevention and control; fifthly, physical prevention and control; and sixthly, chemical prevention and control. The method adopts the measures of ecological management, agricultural prevention and control, biological control, biological prevention and control, physical prevention and control, chemical prevention and control and the like, so that the incidence rate of grape brown blotch is greatly reduced, the effect is good, and the yield and quality of grapes are improved.

The invention discloses a saline-alkali soil repairing microbial inoculum and a preparation method thereof. The microbial inoculum is obtained by adsorbing and embedding a functional microorganism fermentation solution and an acid-producing microorganism fermentation solution through an immobilized carrier, wherein the microorganism immobilized carrier comprises medical stones, citric acid, carrageenan and carboxyethyl cellulose; the functional microorganism fermentation solution is prepared by carrying out anaerobic fermentation on sulfate-reducing bacteria, denitrifying phosphate-accumulating bacteria, shewanella, pseudomonas fluorescens and bacillus licheniformis, which are screened through He-Ne laser induced screening; the acid-producing microorganism fermentation solution is obtainedby carrying out aerobic fermentation on gluconobater oxydans, rhizopus oryzae and aspergillus niger. According to the saline-alkali soil repairing microbial inoculum, the microorganism immobilized carrier is used for adsorbing and embedding the microorganism fermentation solution so that microorganisms are gradually diluted to saline-alkali soil and the tolerance of the microorganisms is improved; He-Ne laser induced breeding is utilized and the resistance capability of the microorganisms on bad factors is improved, so that the microorganism activity and the repairing capability are improved.

The invention discloses a soil composite modifier and a preparation method and application thereof. The soil composite modifier is prepared from following raw materials in parts by mass: 10-30 parts of alkaline waste materials, 8-17 parts of tea dregs, 4-12 parts of peat, and 2-7 parts of excrements of livestocks. The preparation method comprises the steps of uniformly mixing the tea dregs and the excrements of livestocks, composting and fermenting, composting completely, mixing uniformly again and cutting up, sequentially mixing with the alkaline waste materials and peat uniformly. The soil composite modifier has stable properties, not only can improve the pH value and physical and chemical properties of southern acid soil, but also can lower the effectiveness of heavy metals in the soil, improve the activity of enzyme in the soil, lower the pollution of heavy metal polluted soil to underground water, and reduce the heavy metals absorbed by crops; and the modifier takes industrial and agricultural wastes as the raw material, turns waste into wealth, is low in cost and easy to prepare, and is a an ideal soil composite modifier which is used for treating acid heavy metal polluted soil and lowering heavy metals of vegetables.

The invention relates to an organic fertilizer prepared by animal skin materials and collagen waste materials. The organic fertilizer comprises the following components: waste collagens, waste cow skins, waste casings, sawdust and zymophyte. The raw materials of the prepared organic fertilizer are from wastes and unqualified protein casings left in a preparation process of collagen protein casings, and the wastes are subjected to treatment in a general trash treatment way so as to easily cause pollution remission. In order to save energy sources, the wastes are developed into useful objects, and based on a lot of researches, the wastes are finally determined to be utilized, so that the aim of turning the wastes into the treasures can be fulfilled.

The invention discloses a method for improving the yield and the quality of watermelons through in-situ intercropping. The method comprises the following specific steps of: plowing the farmland to carry out soil preparation, ditching and rising beds of 140cm, and plowing flatly the beds or forming a bed surface in a shape of turtle back, wherein the width of each bed is 90cm, and the width of each ditch is 50cm; carrying out frame cultivation on the watermelon, transplanting after culturing large seedlings, and transplanting two rows of seedlings in each bed, wherein the plant distance is 40-50cm, and the line space is 70-750cm; laying a support when the vine of the watermelon grows to 15-20cm at the vine growing initial stage of the water melon, and guiding the vine onto the support when the vine of the watermelon grows to 50-70cm; paving a beer residue feed bed with the width of 80-90cm and the height of 6-10cm on the ground flatly among lines of watermelon plants after 5-8 days; inoculating earthworms according to the amount of 1300-1500 pieces per square meter after 10-15 days; and recycling the earthworms after the watermelon is harvested, and turning over the waste beer residue under the farmland to increase the soil organic matters and improve the soil fertility. After the method disclosed by the invention is adopted to plant the watermelons, the physical and chemical properties of soil are improved and the side-products earthworms are harvested; and meanwhile, the yield, the nutrient content and the like of the watermelon are improved, the cost can be reduced, high-quality and safer fruits can be produced, and multiple economic benefits are obtained.

The invention provides a special carbon-base fertilizer for kiwi fruits, as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The special carbon-base fertilizer for the kiwi fruits is prepared from the raw materials in parts by weight: 25 to 30 parts of straw charcoal, 8 to 12 parts of urea, 21 to 25 parts of urea phosphate, 5 to 9 parts of potassium chloride, 5 to 8 parts of potassium humate,3 to 6 parts of borocalcite, 3 to 6 parts of magnesium sulfate, 1 to 2 parts of zinc sulfate, 0.5 to 1 part of manganese sulfate, 0.5 to 0.8 part of ammonium molybdate, 8 to 12 parts of angled bittersweet root powder, and 3 to 5 parts of bead tree seed powder. The preparation method of the special carbon-base fertilizer for the kiwi fruits comprises the steps of smashing the raw materials, sieving, mixing according to the matching ratio, and uniformly stirring. The special carbon-base fertilizer for the kiwi fruits is comprehensive in nutrition, environmentally friendly, and high in utilization rate, and can be beneficial to effective improvement of the quality and the yield of the kiwi fruits when being applied onto kiwi fruit trees. The preparation method has the advantages of wide rawmaterial source, simple process steps, and suitablity for large-scale production.

The invention relates to a prevention and control method for tobacco bacterial wilt. The prevention and control method comprises the following steps: firstly, soil ecological management: (1) applying a Difulai tobacco fertilizer, and (2) applying HYT(High Yield Technology); secondly, biological prevention and control: (1) using a solution formed by diluting 40% agricultural streptomycin wettable powder by 200 times for root irrigation in the initial period of disease attack once per 7-10 days, and continuously carrying out root irrigation for 2-3 times; thirdly, agricultural prevention and control: (1) selecting high-quality resistance variety, (2) implementing crop rotation, (3) selecting loosened well-drained soil for planting tobacco, and draining accumulated water in time, (4) using nitrate nitrogen in a nitrogenous fertilizer, and (5) removing diseased or infected plants in time, and using lime for performing disinfection treatment on diseased holes; and fourthly, physical prevention and control: (1) removing heavily diseased plants or plant debris in time, and destroying by melting or burning in a concentrated manner. The method adopts the measures of agricultural control, soil ecological management, biological prevention and control, physical prevention and control, chemical prevention and control and the like, so that the incident rate of the tobacco bacterial wilt is greatly reduced, the effect is good, and the yield and quality of tobacco are improved.

The invention discloses a special compound microbial fertilizer for alfalfa in saline-alkali soil and a preparation method thereof. The special compound microbial fertilizer is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by mass: a saline-alkali-tolerant phosphate-dissolving and potassium-dissolving rhizobium compound microbial agent, crop straws and waste branches, furfural residues, desulfurized gypsum, calcium superphosphate and fulvic acid. The preparation method comprises the following steps: crushing and drying the crop straws, waste branches and furfural residues, adding a fermentation and decomposition microbial inoculum, adjusting the moisture to be about 60%, adding desulfurized gypsum, and after aerobic solid-state fermentation is completed, adding fulvic acid, calcium superphosphate and the compound microbial agent to obtain the special compound microbial fertilizer for alfalfa in saline-alkali soil. The compound bacterial fertilizer improves the ecological environment of the saline-alkali soil, increases the yield of alfalfa, and realizes reasonable utilization of agricultural waste resources.

The invention discloses a microbial preparation for improving soil fertility of saline-alkali soil and a preparation method thereof. The microbial preparation is mainly prepared from the following rawmaterials: compound microorganisms, white sugar, urea, glutamine, oil bran, corn flour, wheat bran, rice chaff and zeolite powder. The preparation process of the microbial preparation comprises the following steps: step 1, adding the single microbial agents forming the compound microorganism together according to a preset proportion, and uniformly mixing to obtain the compound microorganism; step2, adding the components of the raw materials together according to a set weight ratio, uniformly mixing, adding clear water, and stirring and mixing to adjust the moisture content of the materials;and step 3, fermenting the material obtained in the step 2 at the temperature of 18-28 DEG C to obtain the microbial preparation. When the microbial preparation is applied to saline-alkali soil, the growth of crops planted in the saline-alkali soil can be promoted, the salt content and the pH value of the saline-alkali soil are reduced, and the physical and chemical properties of the soil are improved.

The invention discloses a desulfurized gypsum-based saline-alkali soil improver composition and a process for improving saline-alkali soil by using the desulfurized gypsum-based saline-alkali soil improver composition. The desulfurized gypsum-based saline-alkali soil improver composition is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 600-1200 parts of desulfurized gypsum, 40-70 parts of a high-molecular polymer substance, 50-100 parts of sulfamic acid and 15-40 parts of carbohydrate, wherein the high-molecular polymer substance is one or more of hydrolyzed polyacrylonitrile ammonium salt, polyacrylamide and hydrolyzed polymaleic anhydride; wherein the carbohydrate compound is one or more of D-ribose, D-fructose, water-soluble pentosan and the like; compared with the conventional desulfurized gypsum saline-alkali soil improver, the saline-alkali soil improver composition provided by the invention when used in soil improvement has the advantages that the soil is improved; the physical and chemical properties of the soil can be quickly improved, the pH value and alkalinity of plough layer soil are effectively reduced, the soil structure is obviously improved, the permeability is improved, the synchronous improvement takes effect synchronously, the progress of a single desulfurized gypsum needing 3-5 years is obviously shortened, and the desulfurized gypsum-basedsaline-alkali soil improver composition has important significance.

The invention discloses a machine capable of simultaneously laying anti-seepage and anti-evaporation films on a soil bottom layer and a surface layer. The machine comprises a rack, an impact type soilshoveling device arranged on the rack, a separation and filtering device, a soil bottom layer film covering device and a soil surface layer film covering device, wherein the separation and filteringdevice is installed behind the impact type soil shoveling device and is in transmission connection with the impact type soil shoveling device; the soil bottom layer film covering device is arranged below the impact type soil shoveling device; the soil surface layer film covering device is arranged below the separation and filtering device. A mellow soil layer is shoveled and sent onto the separation and filtering device through the impact type soil shoveling device, an immature soil layer below the mellow soil layer exposed from cultivated land, the soil bottom layer film covering device covers the immature soil layer by using the film, soil of the mellow soil layer falls and covers the film of the immature soil layer after being filtered by the separation and filtering device, the soil surface layer film covering device covers the mellow soil layer by using the film, and a sandwich structure is formed. Temperature increase, water retention and fertilizer retention are realized, soil moisture can be prevented from seeping, physical and chemical properties of the soil are improved, the soil fertility is improved, the growth of weeds can be inhibited, and the disease damage can be relieved.

The invention discloses a bio-organic fertilizer capable of improving saline-alkali soil. The bio-organic fertilizer is mainly prepared from raw materials consisting of a complex microbial inoculant,animal waste and molasses. The complex microbial inoculant comprises aspergillus glaucus, tarlaromyces flavus, trichothecium roseum, trichoderma koningii and verticillium chlamydosporium. The bio-organic fertilizer is prepared by uniformly mixing the main raw materials, then adjusting the water content of the mixed material to 30-80%, and carrying out facultative fermentation at a temperature higher than 10DEG C for 10-60 days. The bio-organic fertilizer can promote the growth of crops planted in saline-alkali soil, reduce the salt content of the saline-alkali soil, and improve the soil physicochemical properties and ecological environment of the saline-alkali soil.

The invention discloses an organic waste decomposing agent and a biological organic fertilizer for improving saline-alkali soil. The decomposing agent is mainly prepared from a composite microbial agent, ferrous sulfate, magnesium sulfate, urea and wheat bran. The decomposing agent comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 5-10 parts of the composite microbial agent, 1-2 parts of ferrous sulfate, 1-2 parts of magnesium sulfate, 3-5 parts of the urea and 80-90 parts of the wheat bran. A preparation method of the bio-organic fertilizer comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing the raw materials according to the rule that 0.5-1 kg of the decomposition agent is applied to each cubic meter of organic waste; adjusting the moisture content of the mixed materials to be 40-70%; stacking and fermenting the mixed materials at a temperature higher than 4 DEG C, wherein the biological organic fertilizer is obtained when the state that a difference value between a temperature in the fermented materials and an environment temperature is less than or equal to 10 DEG C lasts for 10 days or more. When the biological organic fertilizer is applied to the saline-alkali soil, the growth of crops planted in the saline-alkali soil can be promoted, the salt content and the pH value of the saline-alkali soil are reduced, and the physical and chemical properties of the soil are improved.

The invention discloses a specific organic-inorganic compound fertilizer for cucumber, wherein the specific organic-inorganic compound fertilizer is prepared from the following raw materials by weight: 10-15 parts of composted chicken manure, 10-20 parts of straw ash residue, 10-20 parts of bamboo forest waste, 5-9 parts of bean meal, 2-8 parts of rapeseed oil residue, 6-10 parts of peat, 8-14 parts of vermiculite powder, 12-18 parts of attapulgite, 2-6 parts of humus soil, 5-10 parts of urea, 4-7 parts of potassium fertilizer, 3-6 parts of phosphorus fertilizer, and 1-4 parts of boric acid. According to the present invention, the specific organic-inorganic compound fertilizer mainly contains the organic fertilizer, has the balanced nutrition, provides all the nutrients required by cucumber, and has effects of improvement of soil fertility, improvement of physical and chemical properties of soil, improvement of the activity of soil microorganisms, degradation of chemical fertilizers, pesticides, weeding agents, hormones and other pollutants in soil, reduction of the occurrence of plant diseases and insect pests, enhancement of stress resistance, and improvement of the quality of the product.

The invention discloses a method for preventing and treating the pitaya soft rot disease. Before pitaya shoots, a disease-resistant organic fertilizer is scattered; in the overgrowth period of the soft rot disease, a 50% thiram 500-fold solution and a 20% copper abietate wettable powder 600-fold solution are alternately sprayed. According to the pitaya organic fertilizer, photosynthetic bacteria,bacillus subtilis and azotobacter are added, and the organic fertilizer can improve the physical and chemical properties of soil, enhance the soil fertility and assist plants in absorbing nutrients, wherein microelements Fe, Mn, B, Se and Zn can enhance the disease resistance of pitaya, and the fertility of the soil is balanced while the fertility is improved; the soft rot disease prevention effect of the organic fertilizer is improved by 96.13% or above compared with blank control.

The invention discloses an insect-repelling ecological and environmentally-friendly soil repairing material, and belongs to the technical field of ecology and environmental protection. The problem ofmany chemical components in soil repairing agents in the prior art is solved. The soil repairing material in the invention comprises traditional Chinese medicinal waste residues, wheat bran, livestockmanure, a manure starter, insect repellent oil, a water retention agent, calcium powder, plant ash, montmorillonite and lime powder. The livestock manure is mixed with the traditional Chinese medicinal waste residues and wheat bran, and the obtained mixture is fermented by the manure starter to improve the fertility of the livestock manure; the added traditional Chinese medicinal waste residues improve the fertility of the soil, improve the physical and chemical properties of the soil, realize waste utilization, reduce the occupied space of wastes, realize changing of the wastes into valuables, and improve the quality of the soil and the added insect repellent oil has a good insect repelling effect, reduces insect pests, and can be widely used in fields of agriculture, forestry and soil improvement to solve the problem of harms of soil heavy metals to the growth of crops.

The invention relates to an integrated control method for damping off of pseudo-ginseng. The integrated control method comprises the following steps: I, ecological management: (1) applying Difulai fertilizer for greenhouses, wherein the application amount of the Difulai fertilizer is 200ml to 400ml per mu; (2) applying HYT (high yield technology), wherein the application amount of HYT-A is 200ml to 250ml per mu, the application amount of HYT-B is 250ml to 350ml per mu, and the application amount of HYT-C is 100g to 120g per mu, and is used two to four times in a whole growth period; (3) applying traditional Chinese medicine microelement fertilizer a month before blossom in autumn, wherein the application amount of the traditional Chinese medicine microelement fertilizer is 20g to 25g per mu; II, agricultural control; III, biological control; IV, biological control; V, physical control; VI, chemical control. According to the integrated control method disclosed by the invention, by adopting measures of the ecological management, the agricultural control, the biological control, the physical control, the chemical control and the like, the incidence of the damping off of the pseudo-ginseng is greatly reduced; the effect is good; the quality and the yield of the pseudo-ginseng are improved.

The invention discloses a novel repairing agent for heavy metal and organic matter combined polluted soil. The repairing agent comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 20-40% of titanium gypsum modified coal gas waste residue; 20-40% of a red mud modified blue-green algae-based carbon material; and 20-60% of steel pickling waste liquid. The main components of the repairing agent are industrial and biological wastes, the material source is wide, the repairing agent is environment-friendly, heavy metal and organic pollutants can be synchronously and efficiently treated, the leaching toxicity of soil pollutants is remarkably reduced, pollution treatment with wastes is realized, and the environmental safety of polluted soil is improved; and meanwhile, physical and chemical properties of soil can be improved, and economic and environmental benefits are remarkable.