The invention relates to a platinum vessel automatic polishing machine and a method. The platinum vessel automatic polishing machine is formed by a protective cover, a workbench, a machine head, a main motor, a polishing machine fixing shaft, a polishing machine main shaft, a lock head, a polishing head, a lifting control rod, a fixing sleeve, a crucible fixing sleeve, a fixing sleeve motor, a limiter, a driving wheel, a driven wheel and a belt; the main motor is fixed on a rear plate of the protective cover; the driving wheel is fixed on a main motor shaft; the driven wheel is driven by the driving wheel through the belt; the lower end of the polishing machine main shaft is connected with the lock head. The polishing method comprises driving the polishing head by the main motor for forward polishing; controlling the speed of the fixing sleeve motor; performing backward polishing from slow to fast. The platinum vessel automatic polishing machine and the method are suitable for the precise analysis and detection field and the platinum vessel treatment, the operation is simple, convenient and safe, the high cost caused by remelting is saved, the deformation of workpieces after grinding is not produced, the damage to the surface is not produced, the accuracy is not affected, the cost is low, the speed is high, the operation can be achieved in about two minutes, and the working efficiency and the polishing effect are greatly improved in comparison with the manual polishing.