The present invention relates to an electrolysis capacitor pin defect detection apparatus, which comprises a transfer mechanism, an execution mechanism and a detection mechanism, wherein the transfer mechanism comprises a guide rail, a guide rail bracket, a pin plate seat, a pin bracket, a small gas cylinder, a small gas cylinder frame, a single pin plate and a double pin plate, the execution mechanism comprises a pneumatic finger, a pneumatic finger frame, a medium gas cylinder, a medium gas cylinder frame, a large gas cylinder and a large gas cylinder frame, the pneumatic finger is arranged on the pneumatic finger frame, the terminal end of the pneumatic finger frame is arranged on the medium gas cylinder, the lateral movement of the pneumatic finger frame is controlled by the medium gas cylinder, the medium gas cylinder is arranged on the medium gas cylinder frame, the medium gas cylinder frame is arranged on the large gas cylinder frame, the longitudinal movement of the medium gas cylinder frame is controlled by the large gas cylinder, the large gas cylinder is arranged on the large gas cylinder frame, the detection mechanism comprises a camera assembly and a camera frame, the camera assembly is arranged on the camera frame, and the camera frame is vertically fixed on the ground through ground screws. The electrolysis capacitor pin defect detection apparatus of the present invention has advantages of human error reducing, work efficiency improving, labor cost reducing, and industrial benefit increasing.