596 results about "Reactions stress" patented technology

The invention relates to a selective hydrogenation method of high unsaturated hydrocarbons in C4 fractions, which is characterized in that salvage stores which are rich in acetylene hydrocarbon and prepared by extracting butadiene are used as the material, and a fixed bed reactor is adopted to obtain 1, 3-budiene by selective hydrogenation under the existence of a catalyst. The adopted process conditions are as follows: the reaction temperature is between 30 DEG C and 90 DEG C, the reaction pressure is between 1.0 MPa and 4.0 MPa and the liquid space velocity is 7 to 20h<-1>. The catalyst is preferably a palladium system catalyst with alumina as a carrier, the specific surface is 50 to 150m<2>/g and the specific pore volume is 0.25 to 1.0ml/g. The method has remarkable good effects on reducing waste of resources and improving economic benefits by effectively utilizing the salvage stores rich in acetylene hydrocarbon and prepared by extracting butadiene.

A method of converting ethanol to a diesel fuel base stock comprises:

a reaction stage (a) of contacting the ethanol with an acid catalyst, amorphous or structured, predominantly mesoporous, for example at a temperature of 300° C. to 500° C., at a pressure of 2 to 10 MPa and at a WHSV of 0.2 to 4 h⁻¹, producing a gas phase, an organic liquid phase and an aqueous liquid phase, and a stage (b) of separating said gas phase, said organic liquid phase and said aqueous liquid phase at a pressure close to the reaction pressure. The method can involve recycling at least part of the gas phase separated in stage (b) to stage (a), and hydrogenating at least part of the organic liquid phase separated in stage (b).

The invention relates to a method for preparing olefin by conversion of methanol by using Zn-SAPO-34 molecular sieve and bonding agent as the catalyst for alkene production through methanol converstion, and employing a reaction temperature of 300-500 deg. C, a reaction pressure of atmospheric pressure, methanol weight space velocity of 1.0-10hr-1, the prepared low carbon alkene can be used in the industrial production of alkene from methanol.

The invention discloses a synthesizing process for simultaneously obtaining lithium difluoro-oxalato-borate and lithium tetrafluoroborate with favorable performance, which comprises the following steps: (1) leading a fluorine-contained compound, a boron-contained compound, a lithium-contained compound and an oxalate-contained compound to react in a reaction medium at the reaction pressure of 0.1-1MPa and the temperature of 0-100 DEG C, wherein the molar ratio of lithium element, fluorine element, boron element and oxalate ion is (2-3):(5-6):6:2:1; generating reaction liquid containing the lithium difluoro-oxalato-borate and the lithium tetrafluoroborate; (2) carrying out initial separation on the lithium difluoro-oxalato-borate and the lithium tetrafluoroborate in the reaction liquid and then carrying out further extraction separation by an organic solvent which can extract the lithium difluoro-oxalato-borate or the lithium tetrafluoroborate; and (3) respectively carrying out recrystallization and vacuum drying to obtain the battery-grade lithium difluoro-oxalato-borate and the lithium tetrafluoroborate. The invention is suitable for industrially producing two lithium salts which have favorable performance and are used for a lithium ion battery.

The invention discloses a preparation method for sulfoxide and sulphone. The preparation method comprises the following steps: conducting contact reaction on thioether and hydrogen peroxide, and catalyst in a fixed bed reactor, wherein the mole ratio of thioether and hydrogen peroxide is 1:0-1.5, the space velocity of the reaction system is 5-100, the reaction temperature ranges from normal temperature to 100 DEG C, the reaction pressure is 0.1-1.0 MPa, and the catalyst is obtained from one or more titaniferous molecular sieve raw powder or formed titaniferous molecular sieve. The method has the advantages of convenient operation, mild reaction conditions, easy separation, high product yield and the like, and the utilization rate of oxidant hydrogen peroxide can be greatly improved.

The invention discloses a method for preparing 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene. The method comprises the following steps of: loading Cr2O3 catalyst in a reactor; introducing preheated hydrogen fluoride and 1,1,2,3-tetrafluoropropene gas into the reactor, and performing vapor phase catalytic fluorination to synthesize 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene, wherein a molar ratio of the hydrogen fluoride to the 1,1,2,3-tetrafluoropropene is (10-99):1, the catalyst is equally divided into two sections, the upper-section catalyst in the reaction has the temperature of between 200 and 350DEG C, the lower-section catalyst has the temperature of between 350 and 450DEG C, the reaction velocity is 250-2,000h<-1>, and the reaction pressure is normal pressure; and introducing obtained effluent into a rectifying tower, and performing deacidification and rectification treatment on the 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene to obtain the final product. The method has the advantages of mild reaction conditions, simple process, and optimum distribution of energy and resources.

The invention relates to a synthesis method for methyl methoxyacetate, in particular to a continuous synthesis method for the methyl methoxyacetate. The continuous synthesis method is characterized in that: methylal and CO are used as raw materials; carbonylation reaction is performed in a carbonylation reactor in which a catalyst is filled to obtain a methyl-glycolate-containing methyl methoxyacetate rough product; then a series of separation is performed to obtain a pure product of the methyl methoxyacetate; and the methylal is recovered from a separated light component byproduct and is returned to the carbonylation reactor to realize a continuous synthesis process, wherein the purity of the methylal and the molar ratio of the methylal to the CO are any values, and the reaction pressure in the carbonylation reactor is greater than or equal to normal pressure. According to the method, the production efficiency can be effectively increased, the production process can be simplified, the emission of waste residue and wastewater in a production process can bee reduced, and the aims of continuous production and reduction of the production cost are achieved.

A catalyst of synthesizing benzaldehyde and benzyl alcohol by methylbenzene, its manufacturing method and application. The active component is zirconium, or transit metals, alkaline metal, alkaline-earth metals, metals of IIIAíóIVA and VA Group in the Periodic Table. The method comprises solving a zirconium compound or a zirconium compound and a compound of an element as the active component, adding a precipitator; drying, burning, pulverizing to particles. In reactions, a gas containing oxygen is the oxygen source, such as oxygen and air, an organic solution wouldn't be used. The catalyzing reaction is 180-195 degree C, the pressure is 0.8-1.2Mpa. when the conversion rate of methylbenzene is 13.0úÑ, the total selectivity of benzaldehyde and benzyl alcohol is 86.6úÑ. In the method, the catalyst is easy to be separated and could be recyclable, the reaction condition is mild.

The invention relates to a process for preparing propylene and ethylene by catalytic cracking of olefin through using C4-C8 olefin as raw material, using M-ZSM-5 molecular sieve containing rare earth metals or their oxides as the catalyst for the reactive main body, and employing a reaction temperature of 450-650 deg. C, reaction pressure 0-0.2 MPa, liquid hourly space velocity of 0.5-150h-1, the invention can be applied into the industrial production of propylene through olefin pyrolysis.

The present invention relates to a preparation method of ethylene using the dehydration of ethanol, which is to solve the problem in the prior technology that: the reaction temperature is higher; the hollow speed is lower and the energy consumption is higher. The present invention uses ethanol as the raw material and water as the thinner; under the condition that the reaction temperature is 200- 400 Celsius system, the reaction pressure calculated by a pressure meter is 0-2MPa and the reaction weight hollow speed is 0.1-10 hours, the raw material is contacted with ZSM molecule screen catalyzer to produce a ethylene flow; thereinto the molar ratio between water and ethanol is 0-10: 1. The technical scheme can solve the problem greatly, which can be used in the industrial production of ethylene.

The invention relates to a method for producing glycol, which mainly solves the problem that catalysts in the prior art are poor in stability and short in regeneration period. By adopting a technical proposal of taking oxalate as raw material, taking polar or nonpolar solvent as thinner and allowing the raw material to be in contact with and react with a copper-bearing catalyst so as to form glycol-containing effluent at a temperature between 120 and 300 DEG C, at a weight space velocity between 0.01 and 10 hours, with the hydrogen/ester molar ratio of 5-300:1, under the reaction pressure between 0.1 and 10.0 MPa, under the condition that the mass fraction of the oxalate is between 0.1 and 100 percent, the method solves the problem well, and can be used in the industrial production of glycol.

The invention discloses a method for synthesizing cyclohexylamine with aniline by means of gas-phase catalytic hydrogenation, which includes the steps: 1) mixing fresh hydrogen with circulating hydrogen; 2) mixing mixed hydrogen with the aniline according to the molar ratio of 15:1-19:1 in an aniline evaporator to enable vaporization of the aniline; 3) carrying out a hydrogenation reaction of vaporized mixed gas in a fixed bed hydrogenation reactor prefilled with cobalt-ruthenium catalyst or nickel-ruthenium catalyst at the reaction temperature of 165-179 DEG C and under the reaction pressureof 0.2-0.3MPa; and 4) materials which are subjected to the hydrogenation reaction enter a separator by means of heat exchange, condensation and cooling, performing gas separation to obtain crude cyclohexylamine, and then rectifying so that a cyclohexylamine product is prepared. By the aid of the method, production cost is effectively reduced, product yield is increased, and the service life of the catalyst is prolonged.

Production of 3,3,3-trifluopene is carried out by taking hydrogen fluoride and 1,1,1,3-tetrachloropane as raw materials, jetting 1,1,1,3-tetrachloropane liquid into overheat hydrogen fluoride gas at 120-230 degree, entering mixed gas of HF and 1,1,1,3-tetrachloropane into reactor in proportion of 5-25:1 mol at 230-300 degree, 500h-1-3500h-1 and 0MPa-0.6MPa and gas-phase fluorizating to obtain final product. It can decrease olefin hydrocarbon impurities and high-polymer content effectively and extend fluorizating catalyst life.

The invention discloses a direct catalytic synthesis catalyst to prepare dimethyl carbonate from methanol and carbon dioxide and the preparation and application methods of the catalyst. The catalyst of the invention consists of transitional metal soluble salt, promoter and carrier, with the weight ration from 0.01to 0.5: 0.01to 0.1:1. The preparation method is that: (1) the carrier is impregnated into the transition metal soluble salt solution; (2) the promoter is added into the solution, which is stirred in room temperature, ultrasonically dispersed and stored stationarily in room temperature; (3) the solution is dried, sintered, reduced and activated to produce catalyst. The application method is that: the catalyst is put in high pressure reactor or micro reaction device with the temperature of the catalyst bed controlled between 90 degrees centigrade to 140 degrees centigrade and the reaction pressure between 0.6 to 3.0MPa. The catalyst is applicable in direct catalytic synthesis to prepare dimethyl carbonate from methanol and carbon dioxide. The raw material sources are rich, the cost is low, the preparation method is simple and the operation is easy. The catalyst is easily separated from the products, the reaction conditions are mild and the catalyst can be used repeatedly. The catalyst has high activity and selectivity.

This invention is a making and refining method of cyclopentanol, which includes: 1) the materials comprises cyclopentene, phenylic acid solvent, water activator continuously pass through catalyst fixed bed to carry out hydration reaction, and the volume space velocity is 2-15hr to the power -1, the mole ratio of cyclopentene and water is 0.8-5.0, the weight ratio of phenylic acid and cycloamylene is 0.5-1.0. the intensity of activator is 0.01-0.2wt%, the reaction temperature is 130-180deg.C, the reaction pressure is 1.0-3.0MPa, the catalyst is strong acid cation exchange resin with sulfo group anchored on the surface, and the activating solvent is trialkylamine; 2)the reacted materials cool to house temperature and demix into oil phase and aqueous phase, the oil phase materials through continuous distilling separation procedure get non-reacting cycloamylene, refined cyclopentanol and phenylic acid full of solvent. The strong points of this invention are that the conversion of cyclopentene and selectivity of cyclopentanol are high, and the refining of cyclopentanol is simple and low energy consumption.

The invention discloses a synthesis method of lactic acid by using glycerol, which is characterized in that the glycerol is adopted as the material; the lactic acid is obtained via reaction under the alkaline condition with the reaction pressure of 1 to 15 atm, the reaction temperature of 20 to 140 DEG C, the reaction time of 0.5 to 48 h and the catalyst and the oxidant existing; and when the synthesis method of lactic acid is adopted, the glycerol can be partially converted into the lactic acid with conversion rate of the glycerol being 12% to 70%, selectivity of the lactic acid being 33% to 81% and yield of the lactic acid being 9.7% to 32%. The synthesis method of lactic acid by using glycerol has the advantages that high reaction temperature is not needed, and the reaction can be conducted under the condition of normal temperature or close to normal temperature, thus a large amount of energy is saved; the reaction is conducted under the condition of atmospheric pressure or close to atmospheric pressure with the oxygen existing, thus requirement to equipments is low and investment is small; and the reaction system is simple which is beneficial to industrialization, and the catalyst has long service life without loss.

The invention belongs to the technical field of macromolecular materials, and in particular relates to a preparation method for biodegradable blocked copolyester. The preparation method comprises the following steps: carrying out esterification reaction between adipate and 1,4 butanediol in the presence of catalyst, wherein the reaction time is 3 to 5h, nitrogen is adopted for protection, the reaction pressure is between 0.1 and 0.8MPa and the reaction temperature is between 130 and 180 DEG C during a first stage; and the reaction time is 1.5 to 5h, the reaction pressure is between 0.3 and 0.6MPa and the reaction temperature is between 150 and 200 DEG C during a second stage so as to generate polybutylene adipate; and carrying out ester exchange reaction of dimethyl terephthalate (DMT) and 1,4 butanediol in the presence of catalyst, wherein the nitrogen is adopted for protection, the reaction time is 2 to 5h, the reaction pressure is between 0.1 and 0.7MPa and the reaction temperature is between 150 and 170 DEG C so as to generate polybutylene terephthalate (pbt); and mixing both prepolymers and carrying out melt copolycondensation reaction under negative pressure, wherein the vacuum degree is controlled to be between 0 and 200Pa, the reaction temperature is between 210 and 260 DEG C and the reaction time is 3 to 8h. The preparation method carries out esterification reaction and ester exchange reaction, and the esterification reaction has two stages so as to effectively reduce secondary reaction of 1,4 butanediol. A prepared product has a characteristic viscosity number above 1.2dl/g, a melting point controlled between 100 and 140 DEG C, a tensile strength between 18 and 37MPa and a breaking elongation ratio from 800 to 1,500 percent.

The invention provides a method for preparing neopentylene glycol. In the method, in the presence of an organic solvent, hydroxyl pivalaldehyde(HPA) serving as a starting raw material undergoes a hydrogenation reaction in the presence of a copper-based catalyst to form the neopentylene glycol(NPG), wherein the reaction pressure is 1 to 5MPa, the reaction temperature is between 100 and 140 DEG C, a molar ratio of the hydrogen gas to the hydroxyl pivalaldehyde is 1-20:1, and the used organic solvent is saturated fatty alcohol or a mixture thereof. The conversion rate of the HPA in the raw material is over 99.5 percent, the selectivity of the generated NPG is over 97 percent, and the catalyst lifetime is over 2,000 hours.

The invention discloses a preparation method of hydrofluoroether. The preparation method comprises the following steps of: mixing a solvent, a catalyst, olefin and alcohol to have reaction, wherein the mole ratio of the solvent to the alcohol is (1-6):1, the mole ratio of the catalyst to the alcohol is (0.01-0.15):1, the mass ratio of the olefin to the alcohol is (0.5-5):1, the reaction temperature is 20-60 DEG C, the reaction pressure is 0.05-0.6MPa, and the reaction time is 0.5-3 hours; and rectifying after the reaction is accomplished, so as to obtain a hydrofluoroether product. The preparation method has the advantages that the reaction condition is gentle, the operation is simple, products are easy to separate, and less wastewater, waste gas and waste residue are discharged.

A method for synthesing vinylene carbonate, employing fixed bed reactor, adding catalyst, employing nitrogen, argon gas or hydrogen as diluting gas and protecting gas, the reaction temperature is 200-600 Deg C, the velocity of feeding is 1-100 g/h mlcat, the reaction pressure is 0.1-10 Mpa, getting the vinylene carbonate through vinyl carbonate catalytic dehydrogenation. The invention is characterized by the higher selectivity of reaction product, less side product, simple operation, no corrosion and pollution in reacting course.

The invention relates to a preparation method of oxalate by CO gas phase coupling synthesis using a regular catalyst. In the method, a fixed bed reactor is adopted, a catalyst bed consists of a regular structural catalyst loaded with noble metal; CO and vaporized nitrite are introduced into a reactor for reacting on the regular catalyst so as to generate the oxalate at the conditions that the pressure is 0.1-2MPa, the reaction temperature is 80-200 DEG C, and N2 is taken as a carrier gas, wherein the volume ratio of the materials is as follows: N2:CO:nitrite is 20-80:5-60:10-40, and the retention time is 0.5-10 hours. The method of the invention improves mass transfer efficiency of the reaction materials between the gas phase and the solid phase or among the gas phase, the liquid phase and the solid phase, increases the contact area of the reaction materials and the catalyst and reduces the usage amount of the catalyst in the noble metal, wherein the usage amount of the catalyst noblemetal Pd is saved by more than 86%. The method of the invention has the characteristics of high catalyst activity, low cost, convenient and fast replacement and the like, and is beneficial for realizing large-scale engineered application.