The invention provides a preparation method of ultralow-metal ion content pyromellitic dianhydride, which comprises the following steps of: taking 1, 2, 4, 5-tetramethylbenzene of which the purity is 96-97 weight% as raw material, oxidizing by air, taking metal oxide which consists of vanadium, titanium, sodium and phosphorus as oxidation catalyst, reacting under the temperature of 380-420 DEG C, cooling by a heat exchanger, absorbing by adsorbent which consists of molecular sieves 3A, 4A and 5A and silicon dioxide under the temperature of 250-350 DEG C, removing harmful organic matters and metal ions, collecting crude pyromellitic dianhydride gathered by a first gathering machine, and recrystallizing, filtering and drying by low-boiling point low-toxicity solvent such as mixed solvent of acetone and butanone to obtain fine pyromellitic dianhydride, wherein the melting point of the fine pyromellitic dianhydride is 286-287.5 DEG C, the yield of the fine pyromellitic dianhydride is 40-45%, the product is crystalloid grain, the grain size of the pyromellitic dianhydride is 300-1000mm, and each content of the contained metal irons is less than 1ppm, i.e., iron, aluminum, nickel, manganese, tin, zinc, potassium, sodium, cobalt, chromium, copper and calcium.