The invention provides a device for detecting the carbon emission of a mixture based on microwave induction, which belongs to the technical field of measurement, and the device comprises a main body,a heating system, a heat system, a measuring system and a ventilating system, and a heating chamber is arranged on the inner wall of the main body; the heating system comprises a heating chamber, a magnetron, an electrical circuit, a waveguide port and a control panel, energy is transmitted to the heating chamber through the waveguide port, the heat system comprises a temperature sensor, a quartzheating tube, an electric glass turntable and a metal net rack, and the measuring system comprises a measuring chamber, an optical filter, an infrared detector and an infrared light source. The ventilating system comprises a draught fan, a first pipeline, a second pipeline and an air outlet pipeline, the two ends of the first pipeline are connected with the draught fan and the heating chamber respectively, the two ends of the second pipeline are connected with the draught fan and the measuring chamber respectively, the air outlet pipeline is formed in the outer wall of the top of the measuringchamber, and the optical filter is a self-disassembling device. The device is fast in heating, accurate in measurement, convenient to use and suitable for measurement of various gases, and data are recorded and the temperature is controllable.