The invention relates to a water purification and regeneration device based on rotary spray evaporation and application of the device. The device and a technique applied to the device are suitable for the fields of wastewater treatment and seawater desalination and in particular suitable for concentrated wastewater treatment and water purification of ultra-difficultly treated wastewater and strong brine generated after seawater desalination. The device is a water purification and regeneration device consisting of a raw water pretreatment pool, a centrifugal rotary spray device, a gas-water separator, a heat exchanger unit, a water deep treatment device and the like. The raw water is heated by using waste heat in a plant or converting natural energy obtained in a low-price mode into heat energy; and the raw water entering into a spray drying device is just subjected to coarse filtration and neutralization as well as atomization separation in the centrifugal rotary spray device, so thatthe traditional wastewater treatment process and seawater desalination technology are changed, chemical regents added in wastewater treatment and seawater desalination processes are reduced, secondary pollution is avoided, treatment time is shortened, treatment cost of per ton of water is lowered, the recycling of energy and resources and zero emission of pollutants are achieved, and the dual purposes of clean production and energy conservation and emission reduction are realized. Thus, the device has wide popularization prospect and application value.