The invention discloses a post-weld heat treatment method for a high-temperature alloy, belongs to the field of material heat treatment, and particularly relates to a post-weld heat treatment method for a precipitation strengthening type high-temperature alloy for a high-temperature component of an advanced ultra-supercritical (A-USC) power station. The post-weld heat treatment method comprises the following steps of 1) low-temperature solid solution, specifically, keeping the temperature of 20-40 DEG C above the gamma' phase precipitation temperature or the recrystallization temperature (the higher temperature is selected) for 1-2 hours, and then performing air cooling to the aging temperature; and 2) aging, specifically, keeping the temperature for 4-16 hours in a gamma' phase precipitation temperature range, and then air-cooling to room temperature. According to the high-temperature alloy welding joint obtained through the post-weld heat treatment method, the welding residual stress is eliminated to the maximum extent, gamma' strengthening phases are evenly distributed in crystals, strain aging cracks of a welding heat affected zone are effectively avoided, and the mechanical property of the heat affected zone is recovered to the base metal level.