The present invention relates to an environmental simulation system, wherein the environmental simulation system is widely used for simulating high temperature and high humidity environments in automobile manufacturing, aviation science and technology, military products, communications equipment, and other fields, but there is no ideal technical scheme of the environmental simulation system in the prior art. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a simulation system for a high temperature and high humidity environment, and a simulation method for a high temperature and high humidity environment based on the simulation system. The simulation system of the present invention mainly comprises a cabin (1), a central control system (2), an instrumentation system (3) and a technical support system (4). With the present invention, the completely-simulated natural tropical environment conditions such as high temperature, high humidity, light intensity, noisiness and the like can be provided, wherein the controllable temperature range is 20-60 DEG C, the controllable humidity range is 50-90%, the controllable illuminance range is 2000-8000 LUX, and the controllable noisiness range is 60-95 dB; the system can be adopted to perform related researches of tropical region environment issues, and can provide efficient solutions for related drug evaluations.