95 results about "Energy products" patented technology

The present invention relates to a clean process of preparing high grade biomass products, and their use in the production of health care products, bio-energy products, biochemicals, bio-originated chemicals and biodegradable plastics.

A useful energy product created by a process where a chemical species flow passes through a macroscopic artificial dielectric structure for a gas-permeable susceptor having (a) first regions in the structure that are primarily transparent to applied electromagnetic energy and (b) second regions in the structure that are not primarily transparent to applied electromagnetic energy.

The present invention provides methods and systems for producing biofuel and bioenergy products using, as starting raw material, xenobiotic materials or compounds. The xenobiotic materials or compounds may originate from industrial or chemical plants, municipal waste, pharmaceutical products, cosmetic and personal care products, or other sources, and may include aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons, chlorinated organic solvents and other halogenated hydrocarbons, as well as heteroaromatic compounds. In accordance with the invention, these materials act as a carbon source to support the metabolism of xenobiotic-degrading microorganisms, thereby producing biomass and/or biogas that may be converted to bioenergy products by microbial synthesis. For example, the biomass may be converted to products such as ethanol, methanol, butanol, and methane, among others. The biogas may be converted to hydrogen gas and biodiesel, among others. Thus, the present invention couples the microbial breakdown (decomposition) of xenobiotic materials with the microbial synthesis of biofuel, thereby supplying needed (inexpensive) energy products, while reducing environmental pollution and contamination, and reducing the costs associated with disposal of hazardous waste.

An apparatus, system, and method for subjecting biomass to pyrolysis to extract energy products using a pyrolysis unit comprising generally concentric chambers including a combustion chamber and at least one pyrolysis chamber. Each chamber is in communication with an adjacent chamber such that a directed, generally-deoxygenated heated gas stream passes through the combustion chamber to each of the pyrolysis chambers in turn. Additionally, each pair of adjacent chambers shares a heat-conducting wall, further promoting heat transfer throughout the unit. A heat source, which can be a burn enclosure configured as part of the pyrolysis unit, produces the heated gas stream. Biomass introduced into the pyrolysis unit is pyrolysized by the gas stream, resulting in exhaust containing non-condensing gases, bio-oil vapor, and entrained char. The exhaust is directed from the pyrolysis unit to other parts of the system where the bio-oil and char can be separated from the exhaust and collected.

The present invention provides a method for producing a sintered NdFeB magnet having high coercivity and capable of being brought into applications without lowering its residual magnetic flux density or maximum energy product and without reprocessing. The method for producing a sintered NdFeB magnet according to the present invention includes applying a substance containing dysprosium (Dy) and/or terbium (Tb) to the surface of the sintered NdFeB magnet forming a base body and then heating the magnet to diffuse Dy and/or Tb through the grain boundary and thereby increase the coercivity of the magnet. This method is characterized in that: (1) the substance containing Dy or Tb to be applied to the surface of the sintered NdFeB magnet is substantially a metal powder; (2) the metal powder is composed of a rare-earth element R and an iron-group transition element T, or composed of R, T and another element X, the element X capable of forming an alloy or intermetallic compound with R and/or T; and (3) the oxygen content of the sintered NdFeB magnet forming the base body is 5000 ppm or lower. The element T may contain nickel (Ni) or cobalt (Co) to produce an anticorrosion effect.

A class of density enhanced, electromagnetic-pulse-compacted, bonded permanent magnets having the following properties: a. maximum energy product (BH)max up to 40% greater than that of traditional, mechanical, compacted, bonded permanent magnets, b. (BH)max up to 99% of theoretical, c. a void ratio approaching 0 volume %, d. use temperatures from room temperature up to about 550° C., and e. a structure, wherein: a mixture of permanent magnet particulates and a binder is compacted by pulsed electromagnetic forces, where each pulse has a pulse time less than the thermal time constant of the permanent magnet particulate, and said compaction is achieved without adversely affecting the binder or the structure of the permanent magnet particulate.

Disclosed is a method of manufacturing density enhanced, bonded permanent magnets having the following properties: a. maximum energy product (BH)max up to 40% greater than that of traditional, mechanical, compacted, bonded permanent magnets, b. (BH)max up to 99% of theoretical, c. void ratio approaching 0 volume %, and d. use temperature from room temperature up to about 550° C., said method comprising the step of compacting a mixture of permanent magnet particulates and a binder using pulsed electromagnetic forces, where each pulse has a pulse time less than the thermal time constant of the permanent magnet particulate, and wherein said compaction is achieved without adversely affecting the binder or the structure of the permanent magnet particulates.

The invention provides a power generation method, comprising a step of condensing exhausted steam generated in the power generation process, wherein a heat exchange operation is directly or indirectly carried out between the exhausted steam and gas obtained after expanded depressurization. The invention further provides a device for gasified production of energy sources and thermal power generation. The device comprises an expansion depressurization device and a condenser, wherein the expansion depressurization device comprises an expansion depressurization inlet for receiving gas to be subjected to an expanded depressurization operation, and an expansion depressurization outlet for discharging the gas subjected to the expanded depressurization operation; and the condenser comprises a first heat exchange channel in which a cooling medium with the refrigerating capacity of the gas subjected to the expanded depressurization operation enters, and a second heat exchange channel in which the heat exchange operation is carried out between the exhausted steam generated in the power generation process and the cooling medium. According to the method and the device disclosed by the invention, the refrigerating capacity generated by the gas subjected to the expanded depressurization operation is used, so that the temperature of the exhausted steam is reduced below an environmental temperature, therefore the pressure energy of the gas is sufficiently used, and the power generation efficiency of turbine power generation equipment is improved.

The invention relates to a method and a device for preparing novel fuel from municipal domestic waste completely and belongs to environmental protection on energy sources. The method comprises the following steps: separating out reusable substances such as plastic, metal and glass bottles from the municipal domestic waste serving as the only raw material; removing unrecoverable substances such as stones, bricks and cement; using the residual garbage as the raw materials of the novel fuel; breaking bags; sorting; sieving; drying; and performing extrusion molding to obtain the novel fuel. The method and the device can solve the problems of treatment and comprehensive utilization of municipal domestic waste. The fuel product can replace the resources such as solid combustible mineral coal, coke and the like, becomes a substituted energy product for large-scale thermal power plant and domestic fuel, is an important energy replacement and supplement measure, and has very important social and economic significance.

The invention relates to the field of energy, in particular to a method for producing biogas by taking Entermorpha as a material. The method comprises the following steps: (1) the Entermorpha is rinsed by water; (2) the Entermorpha obtained in step(1) is crushed until the grain size of the Entermorpha is between 0.5 and 2mm; (3) the Entermorpha obtained in step(2) is placed into a fermentation device and added with inoculum, and the weight ratio of the inoculum TS(total solid content) to the Entermorpha TS(total solid content) is between 1 to1 and 1 to 5; (4) the fermentation device is added with fresh water, and the total solid content in the fermentation device is adjusted to between 2.5 and 10 percent; (5) alkali is added into the fermentation device, and the initial pH value of the mixture obtained in step(4) is controlled to between 6.5 and 7.5; and (6) the fermentation device is sealed and placed in the thermostatic water bath, and the fermentation temperature is controlled to between 32 and 38 DEG C. The method has the advantages of realizing the resource utilization of the Entermorpha, having simple process and easy operation, improving the marine environment and producing the energy product of biogas.

A method for generating hydrogen in microorganism electrolysis cell with protein relates to a hydrogen generation method. The invention settles a problem that the prior fermentation method can not use protein for generating hydrogen. The method of the invention comprises the following steps: 1. actuating a reactor when the electrolysis cell is in a power generation mode; 2. using the protein as zymolyte for domesticating the functional microorganism of anode; and 3. using the protein as zymolyte for generating hydrogen when the electrolysis cell is in a hydrogen generation mode. The invention uses a microorganism electrolysis cell technique for directly preparing hydrogen from protein. The method of the invention has the advantages of high utilization factor of protein and high removal rate to COD, and can be used for treating the organic waster water and organic solid waste which are rich in protein and can be simultaneously used for recycling the energy product of hydrogen gas with higher economic value. The method has a characteristic of combing pollution control and energy production.

In one aspect, a Customer Acquisition method and system are provided to identify target customers and market sizing based on forecasting a customer's energy usage and determining a customized set of energy product offerings to satisfy a customer's energy needs. In another aspect, an Energy Resource Management method and system are provided to select and place energy products to meet the requirements of a particular objective function for a utility, power provider and/or customer. Objective functions can comprise of peak usage reduction, bill or cost minimization, deferred utility upgrades, emissions reduction, efficiency increases, and energy conservation. In still another aspect, an Energy Resource Management method and system are provided for anticipating and estimating implementation costs, optimizing installation strategy and product placement for the purposes of customer cost savings and budgeting.

Efficient biomass conversion systems, methods and apparatus utilize a fast pyrolysis unit installed at a sawmill or similar location where substantial quantities of biomass are generated, with the biomass generated at the sawmill fed into the fast pyrolysis unit under pyrolytic reaction conditions, and with exhaust gases containing entrained matter resulting from the pyrolytic reactions being separated into constituent char and bio-fuel constituents.

Food grade products are given priority with a sustainable integrated corn based bio grind refining process. Premium fractions are fractionated for human foods and premium fermentable products. The balance food feedstocks are refined for animal feed with no loss of nutritional value. By-products of refining are used to produce ethanol and other energy products. There is no process waste. The integrated processes can be adapted to new continuous refineries or to optimize or retrofit one or more individual process steps.

Provided is a method for performing anaerobic digestion by utilizing a heavy metal ion enriched biomass waste material, comprising: putting a biochar made from the raw materials such as garden rubbish and agricultural and forestry waste, or a plant for adsorbing heavy metal ions in waste water containing heavy metal ions, and obtaining a heavy metal saturated biochar or a heavy metal super-enriched plant; and then adding in a kitchen waste anaerobic digestion methane generation system at a certain ratio. The heavy metal ions adsorbed in the plant or the biochar are utilized as a basic component of an anaerobic reaction enzyme to promote the growth of methane bacteria, activate the activity of the enzyme, shorten the time of a hydrolysis acidification stage, reduce VFA accumulation, and accelerate the generation of energy products such as methane and the like.

The invention aims to provide a preparation method and a device of thermally cracking biomass into gas in a high-temperature and flash mode. The preparation method comprises that the biomass is squeezed to exhaust air, the squeezed biomass is dried, the dried biomass is subjected to a volatile matter reaction, an obtained biomass volatile matter compound is subjected to a thermal cracking reaction, and an obtained biomass compound after the thermal cracking reaction is subjected to a secondary thermal cracking reaction so as to convert energy elements in the biomass into the gas. The preparation method and the device of thermally cracking the biomass into the gas in the high-temperature and flash mode can convert energy of the biomass into high-grade energy products to the maximum, does not generate dioxins, a rate of coking and igloss can reach 100 percent, the preparation method and the device of thermally cracking the biomass into the gas in the high-temperature and flash mode fundamentally solves the problem of urban household garbage and discarded biomass, is complete in reduction, clean , and environment-friendly, and generates energy product gas which is high-grade and urgently needed by people for life and production.

The invention provides a method of wave cracking of a macro-molecular organic matter. Repeating units containing a carbon-carbon chemical bond in the organic matter generate resonance under the action of a radiation wave, so breakage of the carbon-carbon chemical bond is formed under resonance conditions; thus, oriented formation of cracking reactions of micro-molecular organic matters is realized so as to improve the cracking rate and the conversion rate of organic matters in industrial and household garbage, thereby allowing a recyclable energy product to be obtained. According to the method, the radiation wave with a wavelength in a range of 0.1 micrometer to 1.0 meter is introduced into a sealed container in which the solid or liquid macro-molecular organic matter is disposed; the radiation wave irradiates on the surface of the organic matter and penetrates into the interior of the organic matter, which causes generation of resonance by the repeating units containing the carbon-carbon chemical bond in the organic matter; and frequency and irradiation time of the radiation wave are controlled so as to allow the carbon-carbon chemical bond to undergo breakage under the resonance conditions, and the macro-molecular organic matter is decomposed into a gaseous low-carbon organic matter, a liquid medium-carbon organic matter and a solid high-carbon organic matter.