The invention discloses an in-situ leaching
liquid injection system and method for high-altitude ionic
rare earth ore, and belongs to the field of
rare earth hydrometallurgy. The
system is composed of a
liquid injection well pattern, a layered
liquid injection device, a first liquid supply
system, a second liquid supply system and a
collection system. Exploring the thickness of an ore body
weathering crust and vertical distribution of
rare earth / impurities; the liquid injection hole is vertically divided into an upper layer liquid injection area (1 / 3-1 / 2 of the upper part) and a lower layer liquid injection area (1 / 2-2 / 3 of the lower part); a 1.0-1.4 wt% low-concentration
diethylenetriamine-
ammonium acetate composite leaching agent is injected into the upper layer, and co-leaching of impurities such as aluminum and iron is reduced; 1.5-2.5 wt% of high-concentration
diethylenetriamine-
ammonium acetate composite leaching agent is injected into the lower layer to ensure efficient leaching of rare earth; and rare earth-rich leaching liquid is collected. Compared with a traditional full-layer high-concentration process, the method has the advantages that the use amount of a leaching agent is reduced by 20-40% while the rare earth
leaching rate is kept to be larger than or equal to 90%, the
aluminum ion concentration of the
leachate is reduced by 30-60%, the agent cost and the follow-up
impurity removal load are remarkably reduced, and the method is particularly suitable for the high-altitude, low-temperature, low-air-pressure and thick-weathered crust environment.