The invention discloses a normal-pressure preparation method of a high specific surface area intensive-hydrophobicity graphene oxide/silica composite aerogel. The method comprises the following steps:by taking tetraethoxysilane as a precursor, adding a graphene oxide turbid liquid under an acidic condition, adding an ethanol liquid of aminopropyl triethoxy silane and graphene oxide hydrosol, continuously dropping the ethanol liquid of aminopropyl triethoxy silane, forming a graphene oxide/silica composite alcogel under an ultrasonic condition, and performing aging, maturing, solvent replacement, surface modification, and normal-pressure drying, so as to obtain the composite aerogel. By adopting the method, a silane coupling agent, namely the aminopropyl triethoxy silane, is adopted to replace a conventional alkali catalyst, and the aminopropyl triethoxy silane is used as a silicon source and is easy in chemical bond combination with an acidic group carboxyl in the graphene oxide because of an alkali group amino in the aminopropyl triethoxy silane, so that the combination force can be improved, in addition, the formation time of the gel is greatly shortened, and the graphene oxide/silica composite aerogel which is high in specific surface area, intensive in hydrophobicity and low in heat conduction coefficient can be prepared.