The invention discloses an elastic expansion sleeve clamp applied to turning of a lightweight differential shell and a using method of the elastic expansion sleeve clamp, and relates to the technical field of elastic expansion sleeve clamps. Comprising a carrying structure which is assembled with the end part in a lathe of the differential shell through a positioning bolt; and the driving source is arranged in the carrying structure and forms an
insertion matching relationship with the carrying structure. The traction
assembly and oil
liquid circulation are introduced into the clamping
assembly, the double effects of clamping and traction are achieved, a traction magnetic attraction rod is matched with a return spring, trace axial traction force can be applied to a shell in the clamping process, a workpiece automatically tends to a
machining datum plane in the positioning process, the clamping precision is further improved, and meanwhile, the clamping efficiency is improved. An oil injection channel and an oil drainage channel arranged in the blocking ring column are communicated with the
oil storage sleeve, closed lubricating oil circulation can be formed in the clamping mechanism, low-friction operation of a transmission part is kept, the service life is prolonged, and the automatic return and self-lubricating functions are achieved.