133 results about "Perfluoro compound" patented technology

The invention provides a soybean protein nanoparticle coagulant for removing perfluorinated compounds in water as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps: firstly, preparing N, N-dimethyl hexadecylamine and epoxy chloropropane into a reaction precursor, namely epoxy propyl hexadecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride; meanwhile, hydrolyzing the soybean protein isolate by using protease to obtain a hydrolyzed soybean protein solution; enabling the epoxy group on the epoxy propyl hexadecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride and the amino group on the hydrolyzed soybean protein to be subjected to ring-opening addition reaction so as to be grafted to the hydrolyzed soybean protein, and adding acetone to generate precipitate after the reaction is finished; and collecting the precipitate, washing and drying to obtain the soybean protein nanoparticle coagulant for removing the perfluorinated compounds in the water. The soybean protein nanoparticle coagulant prepared by the invention utilizes strong electrostatic interaction and hydrophobic interaction, the removal capacity and selectivity of the soybean protein nanoparticle coagulant on PFAS are far higher than those of a traditional coagulant, and the soybean protein nanoparticle coagulant has excellent removal efficiency and remarkable anti-interference capability.

This invention discloses a Fe-GC@Fe 0 This invention relates to catalysts, their preparation methods, and applications, belonging to the field of water treatment technology. The preparation method of this invention is simple, requires minimal equipment, and yields Fe-GC@Fe catalysts. 0 The catalyst can drive microorganisms in water to metabolize perfluorinated compounds. Under conditions without external energy input, it can effectively remove perfluorinated compounds such as perfluorooctanoic acid, perfluorooctane sulfonic acid, perfluorononanoic acid, and perfluorohexane sulfonic acid from water. The removal rate and defluorination rate both reach more than 80%. Moreover, it is a solid catalyst, which is easy to separate from water, recycle and reuse, and maintain a high removal effect.

The invention discloses a synergistic advanced treatment system and method for perfluorinated compounds and conventional pollutants in dyeing and finishing wastewater, and the method comprises the following steps: firstly, the dyeing and finishing wastewater passes through a reaction tank filled with an adsorbent, so that the perfluorinated compounds and the conventional pollutants are adsorbed and enriched to obtain effluent which can meet the wastewater discharge standard; introducing a desorption agent into the adsorbent which is saturated by adsorption to obtain a high-concentration desorption solution which is rich in perfluorinated compounds and conventional pollutants, and carrying out oxidation reaction on the high-concentration desorption solution under a subcritical condition to thoroughly degrade organic matters, according to the process, adsorption enrichment and subcritical water oxidation ultimate treatment are innovatively coupled through a desorption link, the fundamental defects that treatment of low-concentration wastewater through subcritical water oxidation is not economical and only pollutants are transferred but not thoroughly eliminated in an adsorption technology are overcome, and meanwhile efficient integration of materials and energy is achieved.

The invention provides application of a modified adsorption material in removal of perfluorinated compounds and a preparation method of the modified adsorption material. According to the method, the to-be-treated water body containing the perfluorinated compound is mixed with the modified adsorption material, and the obtained mixed to-be-treated water body is treated by regulating and controlling reaction conditions, so that PFAS is removed, and the purified water body is obtained. The method disclosed by the invention is a process for treating PFAS based on layered bimetallic hydroxide efficient adsorption, and the method is relatively low in energy consumption and relatively low in process treatment cost; wherein the layered bimetal hydroxide material is a modified layered bimetal hydroxide material, the PFAS treatment capacity is remarkably improved, and the layered bimetal hydroxide material has a good application prospect in the field of wastewater treatment.

The invention relates to the technical field of environmental remediation, in particular to an in-situ soil perfluorinated compound remediation method and system.The method comprises the following steps that electrochemical targeted enrichment is conducted, applying a pulse type direct-current electric field to the anode and the cathode to drive anionic PFAS in the soil to migrate and enrich towards an anode area; in the anode area, the temperature of anode soil is increased, composite peroxide and a chemical activator are continuously injected, and perfluorinated compounds enriched in the anode are oxidized and degraded; and microbial polishing and ecological restoration: stopping the electric field, carrying out post-treatment on the anode region, adding a microbial agent and a nutritional agent into the anode region, and carrying out biodegradation on residual perfluorinated compounds or degradation intermediate products thereof. Through systematic design of physical field guidance, targeted energy injection, multiple catalytic oxidation and ecological function reconstruction, in-situ soil treatment is achieved, and the core problem in PFAS in-situ remediation is precisely solved.

The invention relates to the technical field of environmental analysis and testing, and discloses a method for detecting perfluorinated compounds in soil, which comprises the following steps: (1) crushing and sieving a soil sample to be detected, then carrying out pressurized fluid extraction, carrying out rotary evaporation concentration on the obtained extract, and dissolving with methanol again to obtain a concentrated solution; (2) purifying the concentrated solution through a solid-phase extraction column, and then concentrating to a constant volume to obtain a to-be-detected solution; (3) detecting the type and the content of the perfluorinated compounds in the to-be-detected liquid by adopting a liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method; wherein in the step (1), an extracting solvent is a NaOH methanol solution; in the step (3), in the liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, the liquid chromatographic condition is as follows: a liquid chromatographic column is a C18 chromatographic column. The detection method provided by the invention is simple to operate, high in accuracy, good in repeatability, capable of analyzing multiple PFAS types (17 types) and low in detection limit, meets the analysis requirements, and can be used for analyzing and monitoring common PFAS in soil.

The present application provides a method for treating perfluorinated compound-containing wastewater rapidly. The method comprises the steps of: preparing an oxy-chloride iron adsorbent by pyrolyzing a raw material of ferric chloride; and treating the perfluorinated compound-containing wastewater by one of the following processes: (i) a batch adsorption process: adding the oxy-chloride iron into the perfluorinated compound-containing wastewater, then constant temperature oscillation, and filtration; or (ii) a dynamic adsorption process: flowing the perfluorinated compound-containing wastewater through an adsorption column filled with the oxy-chloride iron adsorbent, to complete the treatment of the perfluorinated compound-containing wastewater. The present application constructs an intrinsic interface micro-electric field on the surface of the oxy-chloride iron, which significantly accelerates the adsorption kinetics of the perfluorinated compound. The method of the present application is suitable for both batch and dynamic adsorption processes, and exhibits excellent adsorption performance in treating perfluorinated compounds, can reach adsorption equilibrium in 10 minutes, the dynamic adsorption rate is 4.3-6.5 times that of commercial adsorbents, and is easy to regenerate with anti-interference, and has a broad application prospect.

The application discloses a dispersion type light atomization device suitable for deep removal of perfluorinated compounds in tail water of a sewage plant and a use method, and the device comprises a reactor main body, an ultraviolet lamp group and an external system. The inner wall of the reactor main body is an aluminum film mirror surface with a protective layer; the top is provided with a rotary three-nozzle atomization nozzle; the top is provided with an air outlet pipe; the side of the main body is provided with an air inlet; the bottom is provided with a water tank, and the water tank is provided with a condensing system and a water outlet pipe below. The ultraviolet lamp group has two groups of upper and lower lamps, each group has three lamp tubes with a main wavelength of 185 nm and three lamp tubes with a main wavelength of 254 nm, and the lamp tubes are distributed at intervals, and an air stirrer is located on both sides of the lamp tubes; the two groups of lamp tubes are provided with a funnel-shaped reflection buffer. The external system has an atomization system and an air system. The application utilizes atomization and ultraviolet irradiation to manufacture a micro-ozone environment, so that the flow state operation is used to improve the ozone yield and the mass transfer efficiency of the ozone, the ozone manufacturing cost is reduced, the utilization rate of the ozone is improved, the removal rate of the perfluorinated compounds is enhanced, and the device has the advantages of small occupation area and convenient use.

The invention relates to a bioelectrochemical method for efficiently removing fluorine and degrading perfluorinated compounds and application of the bioelectrochemical method, and belongs to the technical field of pollutant treatment. According to the method disclosed by the invention, the sulfate reducing flora (SRB) which takes Clostridiumsensuricto as a main dominant bacterium (the relative abundance is 46.06%) is enriched. The SRB rapidly grows on the surface of the cathode by using electrons provided by the cathode, and ferrous sulfide with conductivity is synthesized on the surface of the cathode, so that the resistance is further reduced, and electron transfer between the SRB and the cathode is promoted. The reacted cathode forms a biological membrane with Tissierella (the relative abundance is 41.32%) as a main dominant bacterium, and compared with an electrochemical method without a biological membrane, the bioelectrochemical method has the advantage that the degradation rate and the defluorination rate of perfluorinated compounds are remarkably improved. In addition, by optimizing the composition of the electrolyte, the degradation rate and the defluorination rate can be further improved, and the defluorination rate can reach 90% or above.

The invention discloses a method for evaluating the ecological risk of a perfluorinated compound based on the chlorophyll concentration of microalgae, which comprises the following steps: collecting a water body of a region to be evaluated, detecting the concentration of the perfluorinated compound in the water body, and obtaining a localized microalgae culture system at the same time; adding perfluorinated compound solutions with different concentrations into the localized microalgae culture system to form an experimental group, and setting a blank group without perfluorinated compounds; sampling and detecting the chlorophyll concentration of the microalgae in the experimental group and the blank group, and calculating the chlorophyll inhibition ratio of the microalgae; calculating the half effect concentration according to the function relationship between the concentration of the perfluorinated compound and the chlorophyll inhibition ratio of the microalgae; according to the concentration and the half effect concentration of the perfluorinated compounds in the water body, calculating to obtain a risk quotient for judging and evaluating the ecological risk of the perfluorinated compounds in the water body. According to the method, the half effect concentration, the mixed exposure effect and the risk quotient value are integrated to serve as ecological risk composite criteria, and the method has the advantages of being high in environmental correlation, high in sensitivity and high in indication performance.

The present application relates to the technical field of environmental monitoring and pollution tracing, and discloses a basin-scale perfluorinated compound tracing method and system based on artificial intelligence, which integrates multi-source data in a basin to construct a unified spatial and temporal granularity basin multi-source data cube, identifies perfluorinated compound structures through a virtual spectrum diagram enhanced deep learning model, simulates pollutant spatial and temporal concentration distribution by combining a graph neural network of a physical mechanism, and then inversely propagates and matches source characteristic fingerprints to invert potential emission source contribution, outputs a pollution source contribution heat map and a priority control enterprise list, solves the core problems of difficulty in joint analysis of multi-source data, difficulty in identification of unknown compounds and difficulty in quantitative determination of multi-source superposition contribution in basin-scale perfluorinated compound tracing, and provides support for precise pollution control.

A method for mineralizing a perfluorinated compound by using a molten alkali is provided. The method includes the following steps: mixing NaOH and KOH to obtain a mixed alkali, and heating the mixed alkali to a temperature of 150° C. to 300° C. to a molten state obtain a molten alkali; adding the perfluorinated compound to the molten alkali to obtain a molten reaction system, and holding the molten reaction system at the temperature of 150° C. to 300° C.; and subjecting the molten reaction system to reaction for 15 min to 60 min to mineralizing the perfluorinated compound.

The invention discloses an application method of a three-dimensional spherical covalent organic framework material in determination of perfluorinated compounds in infant milk powder, and belongs to the technical field of detection of pollutants in special infant food. According to the method, a TDS-COFs material is synthesized and prepared based on 1, 3, 5-tri (4-aminophenyl) benzene and 2, 5-divinyl terephthalaldehyde as aptamers to serve as an adsorbent, electrostatic and hydrophobic interaction is mainly utilized, meanwhile, a porous structure provides a plurality of sites, enrichment of perfluorinated compounds is achieved, and the adsorption capacity of the perfluorinated compounds is improved. And the method is combined with HPLC-MS / MS for determining and analyzing the perfluorinated compound residues in the infant milk powder. The method has the advantages of simplicity in operation, low adsorbent dosage, low cost, high detection sensitivity, good accuracy, good reproducibility and practical application value, and provides a new technical support for monitoring the safety of the perfluorinated compounds in the infant milk powder.

A catalyst for perfluorinated compound decomposition includes a first catalyst which includes an aluminum oxide, and a second catalyst which includes at least one oxide selected from the group consisting of Zr, Ce and Ga, wherein a ratio of a weight of the second catalyst to a total weight of the first catalyst is 0.02 to 0.3. The lifespan characteristics and initial activity of the catalyst for perfluorinated compound decomposition may be improved.

The invention belongs to the technical field of environmental microorganisms, and particularly relates to a method for culturing a perfluorinated compound tolerant anaerobic ammonium oxidation flora and application of the method, the obtained anaerobic ammonium oxidation flora can tolerate impact of 1 ng / L-100 mg / L of perfluorinated compounds, the concentration is far higher than that of the perfluorinated compounds existing in sewage at present, and the perfluorinated compounds can tolerate the impact of 1 ng / L-100 mg / L of the anaerobic ammonium oxidation flora. And in the presence of a high-concentration perfluorinated compound, the total nitrogen removal rate of 85% or above can still be maintained, so that the problem of perfluorinated compound stress possibly faced by the anaerobic ammonia oxidation process in the application process is completely solved. In addition, the method is simple and easy to implement, the concentration of the perfluorinated compound is increased in a gradient mode, sludge discharging and low-temperature-starvation stimulation means are combined, and the cost is low; the cultured anaerobic ammonium oxidation flora not only can be used for treating sewage, but also can be used for repairing river sediment polluted by perfluorinated compounds.

An exhaust gas treatment system for a semiconductor process according to the present invention comprises: a reactor main body which is a cylinder having an open upper part; a duct which is provided in the internal space of the reactor main body, and which forms a plurality of openings while the upper side and the lower side are open; a block heater which is inserted into a first opening, which is close to the inner wall of the reactor main body, among the plurality of openings, and which thermally degrades a non-degradable gas of a perfluorinated compound, which has moved into the inner space of the reactor main body, through a second opening, which is closer to the center side of the duct than the first opening, while combusting a combustion gas; a catalyst layer comprising a catalyst for treating the refractory gas in the internal space of the reactor main body when the refractory gas is discharged from the reactor main body through a third opening closer to the center side of the duct than the second opening; and a powder trap and a purge device which are provided on the lower side of the reactor main body, and which inject compressed pulse gas to the catalyst layer provided on the upper side so as to face each other, thereby impinging the catalyst. Therefore, after powder which is generated by thermal degradation of the refractory gas and deposited on the catalyst is separated from the catalyst, the powder is discharged from the reactor main body through the third opening.

The application relates to the technical field of wastewater treatment, in particular to a preparation method of a porous medium plate, a plasma device and a wastewater treatment equipment. The application dips an aluminum oxide plate into a first sol containing silicon dioxide to obtain an aluminum oxide plate loaded with a silicon dioxide coating. The silicon dioxide coating has a large specific surface area and hydroxyl groups exist on the coating surface, the hydroxyl groups can be combined with or adsorbed by low-lifetime active substances, the retention time of the low-lifetime active substances is prolonged, and the concentration and utilization rate of the low-lifetime active substances are improved. Due to the existence of the hydroxyl groups and the large specific surface area of the silicon dioxide coating, the silicon dioxide coating has strong adsorption capacity, so that the active substances adsorbed on the surface of the medium plate are increased, and then the reaction rate of the active substances and perfluorinated compounds is improved, so that the perfluorinated compounds are more completely degraded. The silicon dioxide has good dielectric properties, can enhance the dielectric constant and resistivity of the medium plate, and plays a positive role in the generation and transmission of the plasma.

The present invention pertains to: a functionalized thermoplastic polyurethane containing a novel chain extender having functionality capable of chemically bonding to a prepolymer polymerized by reacting a polyol (P) with a diisocyanate (R); a functional composite material containing one or more monomers or polymers selected from the group consisting of an anionic functional group, an amphoteric functional group, a perfluorinated compound, a hydrogel, and a silicone polymer; a method for producing same; and an article including same.

The invention provides a CD40 targeted medicine for realizing tumor immunodiagnosis and treatment by regulating PTPN1 / PTPN2 as well as a preparation method and application of the CD40 targeted medicine. The drug comprises a drug-loading membrane layer, perfluorinated compound PFC and glycerin are wrapped in the drug-loading membrane layer, the drug-loading membrane layer is coupled with a CD40 agonist, and the drug-loading membrane layer comprises phospholipid, cholesterol, a functionalized lipid polymer and AC484. The drug shows excellent biological stability and can be delivered to tumor tissue through a respiratory tract or a vein route; according to the medicine, accumulation and distribution of the medicine in the body are dynamically monitored through a 1H / 19F magnetic resonance imaging technology, noninvasive evaluation of the tumor state is achieved, immunotherapy is accurately guided, and therefore the tumor treatment effect is remarkably improved.

The invention discloses a tough water-based structure resin composition and a tough water-based structure resin kit for constructing a paper base and a paper pulp molding product of a fiber matrix and a preparation and application method of the tough water-based structure resin composition and the tough water-based structure resin kit, and belongs to the technical field of papermaking wet end chemistry and paper pulp molding materials. In conformity with the industry trend that paper replaces plastic and food contact materials for fluoride-free control, the invention constructs an acrylic polycarboxylic acid polymer and inorganic-organic dual-element charge buffer synergistic system aiming at the pain point of failure of traditional chemicals in a high-recycling pulp proportion and closed water circulation high-conductivity system. According to the scheme, through a unique cross-linking mechanism, multiplication effects of physical strength such as breakage resistance and ring crush resistance and water-resistant and oil-resistant barrier properties can be achieved under the condition of extremely low dosage, and the method is superior to a conventional enhancement technology in the market. The composition is an all-water-based system and does not contain perfluorinated compounds, so that excellent wet stiffness and film forming compactness are endowed to a product, meanwhile, complete repulping and recycling are ensured, and a green solution with the advantages of high efficiency, low cost and compliance is provided for papermaking and pulp molding industries.

The invention discloses a preparation method of a light regeneration iron-based ceramic membrane and application of the light regeneration iron-based ceramic membrane in removal of perfluorinated compounds, and the preparation method of the FCM comprises the following steps: fully grinding kaolinite and an iron-loaded zeolite molecular sieve (Fe-zeolite) by using a mortar, then adding a polyvinyl alcohol solution as a binder, and continuously grinding; pressing and molding the dried powder of the mixture by using a hydraulic machine, and sintering in a muffle furnace to obtain the iron-based ceramic membrane. The obtained iron-based ceramic membrane can efficiently filter and remove low-concentration perfluorinated compounds in a water body, the iron-based ceramic membrane enriched with the perfluorinated compounds can efficiently degrade, defluorinate and regenerate the perfluorinated compounds through ultraviolet irradiation under a non-aqueous phase condition, and the iron-based ceramic membrane has a good application prospect.

The application relates to the field of adsorption separation, in particular to a novel ion type bipyridyl group COF material and a preparation method and application thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps: mixing 2,2',6,6'-tetramethyl-4,4'-bipyridine, 2,2'-bipyridine-5,5'-diformaldehyde, sodium hydroxide, trimethylbenzene and methanol to carry out reaction 1, and COF-CQWU-2 is obtained; the COF-CQWU-2 is placed in a mixed solution of iodomethane and chloroform to carry out reaction 2, and the novel ion type bipyridyl group COF material is obtained. The application successfully designs and prepares a novel ion type bipyridyl group COF material I@COF-CQWU-2 for removing perfluorinated compounds in water, the COF material has the advantages of simple preparation method, high adsorption capacity and recyclability, and the target of selectively adsorbing perfluorinated compounds from water is achieved.

The invention provides a specific probe for detecting perfluorinated compounds in a water body and a detection method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of detection. The probe provided by the invention is a compound formed by cucurbituril and fluorescein; the detection method provided by the invention comprises the following steps: adding a cucurbituril and fluorescein conjugate into a to-be-detected water sample containing the perfluorinated compounds, carrying out equilibrium reaction for a period of time, and then detecting the fluorescence response intensity in the water body so as to quantitatively evaluate the concentration of the specific perfluorinated compounds in the water sample. Compared with the prior art, the probe equipment provided by the invention is small in size, convenient to carry, capable of simultaneously detecting multiple samples and short in reaction time; the whole material of the probe is green and harmless, and chemical agents such as sulfate which easily cause secondary pollution are not used; other impurity removal and enrichment small columns and complex masking agents do not need to be used. In addition, the detection method provided by the invention has a lower detection limit, the sensitivity and convenience of novel perfluorinated compound detection are remarkably improved, and the application range is wider.

The application discloses a paper-based and pulp molded product strong water-based structure resin composition for constructing a fiber matrix, a kit and a preparation and application method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of papermaking wet end chemistry and pulp molding materials. In response to the global trend of replacing plastic with paper and fluorine-free control of food contact materials, the application aims at the pain point of failure of traditional chemicals in a high recycling pulp proportion and a closed water circulation high conductivity system, and constructs an acrylic polycarboxylic acid polymer and inorganic-organic dual charge buffer synergistic system. The scheme realizes the multiplication effect of physical strength such as breaking and ring pressure and the water resistance and oil resistance barrier performance by a unique crosslinking mechanism at a very low dosage, which is better than conventional enhancement technology on the market. The composition is a full water-based system and does not contain perfluorinated compounds, which ensures complete pulp recycling while giving the product excellent wet stiffness and film-forming density, and provides a green solution with high efficiency, low cost advantage and compliance for the papermaking and pulp molding industry.

The utility model relates to the technical field of wastewater treatment, in particular to a device for treating wastewater containing perfluorinated compounds, which comprises a filtering tank and a settling tank, a precipitation tank for chemical reaction precipitation of the wastewater is arranged below the filtering tank; wastewater is poured into the filtering tank, perfluorinated compounds in the wastewater are adsorbed and suspended solids and impurities in the wastewater are filtered out through the activated carbon adsorption plate and the filtering plate in the filtering tank, then the wastewater enters the depositing tank, and fluorine ions in the wastewater are removed through chemical deposition of the wastewater and a proper amount of chemical agents. According to the method, fluorine ions react with a medicament to generate insoluble precipitates, so that the concentration of the fluorine ions in wastewater is reduced, after the filtering structure is used for a period of time, the filtering structure is detached and cleaned, accumulated pollutants are removed through regular cleaning, the filtering effect is kept, the wastewater treatment efficiency is improved, meanwhile, the filtering performance is kept through regular cleaning, and the service life of the filtering structure is prolonged. The wastewater treatment effect and the wastewater treatment quality are ensured.

The utility model relates to the technical field of purification columns, in particular to a rapid purification column for pretreatment of perfluorinated compounds, which comprises two column frames, a first partition plate and a second partition plate are fixedly connected between the two column frames, the first partition plate is provided with a first through hole, the second partition plate is provided with a second through hole, and the first through hole is communicated with the second through hole. A column pipe is inserted into the second partition plate, the bottom end of the column pipe abuts against the first partition plate, a sieve plate and filler are arranged in the column pipe, a switching adapter is inserted into the top end of the column pipe, an injector is fixedly connected to the column frame through a clamping structure, the bottom end of the injector is inserted into the switching adapter, and the bottom end of the injector is connected with the first partition plate. A piston is slidably connected to the interior of the injector, and a push rod is fixedly connected to the top end of the piston; the column tube and the injector can be quickly fixed, the stability during pressurized injection is improved, and the effect of purifying a sample extracting solution in the column tube is further improved.

The invention discloses a perfluorinated compound removal system and method based on a membrane bio-membrane reactor, and belongs to the technical field of sewage treatment and recycling. Wastewater containing perfluorinated compounds is introduced into a membrane aeration bio-membrane reactor inoculated with anaerobic sludge in a sequencing batch or continuous manner, and hydrogen is introduced into a hollow fiber membrane. The method comprises the following steps: firstly, aerating inlet water to enable dissolved oxygen to be lower than 0.05 mg / L, and adjusting the pH to be 6.5-7.5; meanwhile, the hydrogen supply pressure is adjusted, electron donors are provided for reduction of perfluorinated compounds, and a stable hydrogen matrix membrane biological membrane is formed on the surface of the hollow fiber membrane. The sequencing batch reaction mode and the continuous flow reaction mode both can achieve more than 99% of pollutant conversion, and achieve more than 20% of biological defluorination rate for the first time. The biological membrane does not need to be externally added with an organic carbon source, efficient biological reduction defluorination is directly carried out through hydrogen and microorganisms, and the biological membrane has the advantages of being low in energy consumption, green, free of secondary pollution and the like.

The invention discloses a method for degrading a short-chain perfluorinated compound through bio-based amino acid surfactant enhanced low-temperature plasma. In order to solve the problem that the degradation efficiency is limited due to the fact that short-chain perfluorinated compounds (PFAS) are weak in interfacial activity and difficult to enrich, the surfactant composed of a bio-based hydrophobic alkyl chain and an amino acid cation head group is directionally designed and constructed, and the surfactant has the interfacial tropism and the specific electrostatic pairing capacity for the short-chain PFAS. After the agent is added into a water body, the agent can spontaneously form an interface response type self-assembly layer, short-chain PFAS is captured from a bulk phase and migrated to a gas-liquid interface through electrostatic interaction, and accurate enrichment of pollutants in a plasma reaction area is achieved. According to the method, the effective contact probability of the short-chain PFAS and hydration electrons is remarkably improved, the interface mass transfer limitation in the low-temperature plasma treatment process is broken through, and the degradation and defluorination efficiency of the short-chain PFAS is greatly improved on the premise that secondary pollution is not introduced.

The present application belongs to the field of fertilization and planting technology in the technology of cultivated soil remediation, and provides a rice field soil fertilization method based on the immobilization effect of perfluorinated compounds. The background value of perfluorinated compound pollution in the rice field soil polluted by perfluorinated compounds is investigated, the pollutant type of perfluorinated compound background pollution is determined, the immobilization effect of several fertilizers on perfluorinated compounds in the rice field soil is evaluated according to the pollutant type, and the fertilization scheme is selected according to the evaluation result of the immobilization effect of perfluorinated compounds. The pollutant type includes ultra-short chain, short chain or long chain perfluorinated compounds. The immobilization promotion effect of ammonium chloride on ultra-short chain perfluorinated compounds is the best, and the immobilization promotion effect of wheat straw biochar on short chain and long chain is the best, which indicates that the separate / combined use of ammonium chloride and wheat straw biochar can further realize the immobilization remediation of perfluorinated compounds with different chain lengths on the basis of improving the fertility of cultivated soil.

This invention discloses a supported boron-doped palladium oxide cluster catalyst, its preparation method, and its application. The preparation method includes optimizing the geometry and electronic structure of the Pd clusters through Pd precursor regulation and B atom doping. The B-doped Pd oxide cluster material substrate is carbon nitride, the Pd cluster loading is 0.5-2%, and B atoms are distributed in the Pd clusters. The molar ratio of B to Pd atoms is 0.01-0.2:1, and the average valence of Pd atoms is Pd₂. 1+ -Pd 4+ This catalyst can efficiently mineralize perfluorooctanoic acid and other carboxylic acid perfluorinated compounds in water through a chain reaction of decarboxylation coupled with hydroxylation and defluorination under normal temperature and pressure. The defluorination rate exceeds 95%, and its activity is not affected by environmental factors such as ions, dissolved organic matter, and pH in the water. The catalyst is suitable for the removal of perfluorocarboxylic acids from surface water, groundwater, or industrial wastewater, and has the advantages of simple operation, high efficiency, and good stability.