The invention discloses a micro arc ion plating surface treatment method for a flexible gear for a harmonic reducer. The method comprises the following implementation steps that firstly, the cleaned and dried flexible gear is placed into a four-target micro arc ion plating device vacuum chamber; and after vacuum pumping is conducted, the four-target micro arc ion plating device vacuum chamber is inflated with argon, after surface impurities are removed through ion sputter cleaning, micro arc ion plating is conducted, certain electrical parameters are applied to a chromium target, a graphite target and the flexible gear, a pure chromium bottoming layer, a transition layer and an amorphous carbon work layer are sequentially deposited, and the vacuum chamber air pressure and film plating time are controlled. By means of the method, the reducer is endowed with the properties of high speed, high load bearing, low friction, abrasion resistance and self-lubrication, and therefore the technological content of domestic reducers is improved, and the service life of the domestic reducers is prolonged.