The invention discloses a fluorenyl donor-acceptor H type molecular material with high fluorescence quantum efficiency and a preparation method and applications thereof. The bridging electron acceptor unit of Friedel-Crafts reactions of tertiary alcohol of a halogenated aryl group is taken as the bridging group; the aryl group is coupled to a chromophoric group through the halogen to form the H type molecular material, the structural formula of the molecular material is shown in the description, in the structural formula, Ar1, Ar2, Ar3, Ar4, and Ar11 individually represent an aryl group, Ar11 is an electron acceptor unit, Ar5, Ar6, Ar7, Ar8, Ar9, and Ar10 individually represent an aryl group or a non-aryl group; and SG1, SG2, SG3, and SG4 represent an aryl group or a non-aryl group. The synthesis of the material is in a modularization mode, the selection range of electron acceptor units is wide, the reaction steps are simple, the conditions are mild, and moreover, the molecular material has high thermal stability, electrochemical stability, and optical stability, and is an organic optoelectronic functional material with a wide application prospect.