The invention relates to the technical field of petroleum asphalt preparation, and discloses a production method of SMA high-elastic modified asphalt for a steel bridge deck, which comprises the following working steps: 1, preparing a component A raw material; 2, preparing a component B raw material; and 3, mixing the component A raw material and the component B raw material according to a weight ratio of 1: (0.4-1.2). According to the production method of the SMA high-elastic modified asphalt for the steel bridge deck, anticorrosive petroleum asphalt is prepared by mixing a component A raw material and a component B raw material, and the component A raw material is prepared from 70 # asphalt, rosin soap, an emulsifier, sodium hydroxide, a defoaming agent, a thickening agent, water, bentonite, an epoxy curing agent, glass flakes and the like; the component B is prepared from the following raw materials: acrylic emulsion, styrene-butadiene latex, a defoaming agent, a coalescing agent, a flatting agent, an anti-flash-rust agent, a thickening agent, a solvent, a processing agent and the like, so that not only is the corrosion prevention efficiency of the petroleum asphalt improved, but also the adhesion efficiency of the petroleum asphalt is improved.