The invention discloses a 3D printing material and a preparation method. The 3D printing material is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 1% to 5% of photosensitizer, 1.8% of phthalidyl phosphorus oxide, 1.5% of benzil, 3.5% to 8% of reactive diluent, 0.1% to 0.5% of colored powder, 0.1% to 0.7% of surface modifier, 1% to 1.5% of ceramic granule powder, 2.5% to 4% of nano antibacterial agent and the balance of epoxy resin. The 3D printing material is synthesized through subjecting multielement aliphatic amine and acrylate containing multielement doublebonds to a Michael addition reaction to synthesize hyperbranched photosensitive resin, then, taking the new synthesized epoxy resin as a base material, taking the phthalidyl phosphorus oxide and thebenzil as photoinitiators, and then, adding the reactive diluent, the colored powder, the surface modifier, the ceramic granule powder and the nano antibacterial agent. The 3D printing material disclosed by the invention is high in curing rate, high in adhesive power, free of delaminating phenomenon during experiment and low in volume change before and after curing, the mechanical properties meetthe requirements of 3D printing, and the 3D printing material has a certain industrialized application value.