The invention relates to an automatic loading and unloading system for a logistics robot, and belongs to the technical field of logistics application robots. The system comprises a transport mechanism, a lifting mechanism mounted on the conveying mechanism, a bracket mounted on the lifting mechanism, a conveying mechanism and a loading and unloading mechanical arm mechanism, wherein the conveyingmechanism and the loading and unloading mechanical arm mechanism are mounted on the bracket. A part of the bracket is mounted on the lifting mechanism, the rest of the bracket is suspended, and the loading and unloading mechanical arm mechanism is mounted at the tail end of the suspended part of the bracket. The conveying mechanism comprises a driving motor mounted on the bracket, a driving wheelmounted at the output end of the driving motor, a driven wheel, a tightening wheel and a conveying belt, wherein the driven wheel and the tightening wheel are rotatably mounted on the bracket, and thefeeding belt sleeves the driving wheel and the driven wheel. The tightening wheel is located below the feeding belt and extrudes the lower surface of the belt, supporting columns and guardrail beltsare arranged on the two sides of the bracket, the supporting columns are fixed to the bracket, the guardrail belts are fixed to the supporting column, and the guardrail belts are located on the two sides of the feeding belt. The system can realize automatic loading and unloading on containers and cargo vehicles.