The invention discloses a high-strength wear-resistant natural rubber composite material and a preparation method thereof. The rubber material is prepared from the following raw materials: natural rubber, epoxidized natural rubber, modified silicon nitride, microcrystalline white mica powder, modified halloysite nanotubes, nano microcrystalline cellulose, calcium sulfate whiskers, lignocellulose staple fibers, aramid staple fibers, zinc borate, neodymium stearate, an accelerant and sulfur. The natural rubber and epoxidized natural rubber are used as main materials, lignocellulose staple fibersand aramid staple fibers are added into a system at the same time, are uniformly dispersed in the system, have good adhesiveness with the system, and are matched with modified silicon nitride, microcrystalline white mica powder, modified halloysite nanotubes, calcium sulfate whiskers and nano microcrystalline cellulose, a significant role in enhancing wear resistance is realized, and the tensilestrength, tearing strength and wear resistance of the composite material are remarkably improved while the vulcanization characteristic of the rubber compound is maintained.