The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural microorganisms, and particularly discloses a novel microbial agent and a soybean planting method. The novel microbial agent disclosed by the invention comprises the following strains: 1) one or more of corynebacterium, paracoccus, chromobacterium, achromobacter, acidithiobacillus, acidovorax, alcaligenes, arthrobacter, bacillus, cupriavidus, derxia, Herbaspirillum, hydrogenobacter, hydrogenophaga, pseudomonas, pseudonocardia, rhizobium, rhodococcus, rhodopseudomonas, rhodospirillum, thiocapsa, xanthomonas, flavobacterium and wautersia; and 2) azospirillum and azotobacter. The novel microbial agent can improve the emergence rate and the survival rate of soybeans, improve the growth of soybean seedlings, promote the accumulation of organic matter, improve the disease resistance of the soybeans to harmful bacteria and improve the nitrogen fertilizer utilization rate of the soybeans.